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慨念;反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它多用以证实一种见解,主张,或一种情况等,讲解人对所说的事实或观点提出疑问,让听者加以证实的疑问句。
结构:一个陈述句+肯定(否定)疑问形式。
语调:有疑而问读升调,明知故问读降调。
规律:应遵循前肯后否,前否后肯规律。
注:疑问形式中的主语应转为原主语相应的代词形式,结构及时态应对应。
一. 一般情况反义疑问句由be,情态动词,助动词+主语构成;
例1. You can’t swim,can you?
例2. He told me it,didn’t he?
例3. You are coming,aren’t you?
例4. She knows you,doesn’t she?
二. 当陈述句中有标书否定的hardly,seldom,never,little few,scareely,rarely等词时,反义疑问句应为肯定结构。
例5.He seldom smokes,does he?
例6.Their parents hardly wrote their names before liberation ,did they?
三. 带宾语从句的反义疑问句的主语与陈述句主语一致,而主句为I think,I suppose,I believe时,附加疑问句与从句的主语一致。
例7.I suppose you aren’t serious,are you?
例8.I think he will come in an hour,won’t he?
例9.You think you’re funny,do you?
四. 当表示一种推断,惊讶,愤怒,讥讽等感彩时,反义疑问句不表示反意。
例10.You are late,are you? (表推断)
例11.So she likes her job,does she? (表惊讶)
五.当陈述句为I,谓语动词am时,反义疑问句结构常为aren’t I .
例12.I am good at playing basketball,aren’t I ?
例13. I am doing very well ni English ,aren’t I ?
六. 当陈述部分为There be 结构时,反义疑问句仍用there 作引导词,而不用it.
例14.There is a pan on the stove,isn’t there ?
例15.There isn’t anyone in the classroom,is there ?
七.当陈述部分主语为表示人的no one, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody,nobody等不定代词时,其反义疑问句的主语为they或he.当陈述部分主语为表示物的something, anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时,其反义疑问句的主语应为it.
例16.Somebody has taken my pen,haven’t they ?
例17.No one knows what to do,do they ?
例18.Something must be done to end the strike,must’t it ?
例19.Everything goes well,does’t it ?
八.当陈述部分为each of 结构表示全体时,反义疑问句的主语可以用we ,you或they,表示全体的个体时用be.
例20.Each of the students gave an English book,didn’t they?
例21.Each of us had a try,didn’t we ?
例22.Each of the winners was given a pair of sports shoes,wasn’t he ?
九.当陈述部分为肯定祈使句时,其反义疑问句可用will you或won’t you,但当陈述部分为否定祈使句时,则反义疑问句只能用will you.
例23.Don’t be late,will you ?
例24.Have a little more coke,will you?
Let型祈使句包括说话,听话双方则反义疑问句为shall we,指听话一方时则用will you.
例25.Let’s go home, shall we ? (双方)
例26. Let him alone,will you ?(一方)
十.当陈述部分是I wish结构时,另外当陈述部分为并列句时,其反义疑问句应和邻近的分句保持一致,其反义疑问句为may I,此时表示询问或征求对方的意见。
例27.I wish to become a pilot,may I?