The Impact and Reform Conception of Land Expropriation to Rural Administrative S

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[a]Lecturer， School of Political Science and Public Management， Southwest University， Chongqing， China.

[b]Associate Professor， Library， Southwest University， Chongqing， China.

* Corresponding author.

Supported by the Youth Projects of National Social Science Funds “Western County Government Social Governance Ability Construction Research” （15CSH020）; Chongqing Youth Projects of Social Science Planning “Chongqing Local Government Social Management Ability Research Under The Guidance of New Urbanization” （2014QNZZ08）; the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities “the Assessment and Cultivating Path of Social Governance Capability for Chongqing Local Government in the New Urbanization” （SWU1509153）.

Received 30 March 2015; accepted 15 June 2015

Published online 26 July 2015

Abstract

Under the promotion of macrocosm urbanization idea， the increasing construction of urban public facilities and public welfare establishments lead to the behavior generation of government expropriation， to some extent， which on the rural administrative system and its reform. This article makes the S district in Chongqing as a empirical object， depends on the understanding of its rural administrative system situation， analyzes the impact of government expropriation to rural administrative system， and it mainly reflects on the following aspects， such as： rural administrative regional broken， some empty shell of administrative villages; disordered management of urbanization peasant， large hidden trouble in public security; the unequal of rights and liabilities in township government， the lag behind of government functions transformation. Therefore， this article proposes the rural administrative system reformed frame and its supporting measures， that is to say， the reformation of town to street， village to residential committee， and the rural community joint stock cooperative system.

Key words： Macrocosm urbanization; Land expropriation; Rural administrative system; Reformation

Shen， L. J.， Ding， E. J.， & Su， Y. K. （2015）. The Impact and Reform conception of land expropriation to rural administrative System Under the Background of Macrocosm Urbanization： Based on the Empirical Study of S District in Chongqing. Higher Education of Social Science， 9（1）， <Page>-0. Available from： URL： http：///index.php/hess/article/view/7291

DOI： http：///10.3968/7291

INTRODUCTION

With the urbanization process accelerated， the urban size keeps expanding， which leads to a sharp increase of land supply. Based on the premise of social public advantages， the basic level government starts to expropriate rural land to urban construction. And the land expropriation action makes guarantee for the land supply of urban public facilities and public welfare construction， which plays a significant role to the promotion of urban social economy development; meanwhile， the land expropriation action impacts on the rural administrative system， and produces the related social management problems. This article makes the land expropriation and rural administrative system reformation of S district in Chongqing as a case to do an empirical research， that is to say， the impact and reform conception of land expropriation to rural administrative system under the background of macrocosm urbanization.

1. THE CURRENT SITUATION OF RURAL ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM IN S DISTRICT OF CHONGQING

1.1 The General Situation of Urban and Rural Management System Reform in S District of Chongqing

In the end of 2007， the S district of Chongqing introduced The Advice of Urban-Rural Comprehensive Development Reform Experiment， which identify the basic conception of macrocosm urbanization to promote the reform experiment of land conversion， public finance system， administrative system reform and so on. In the recent years， S district devoted to the contents of government construction improvement， government urban and rural public service function promotion， which makes a great role in the impetus of urban and rural management system reform.

1.1.1 Deepen the Governmental Own Construction

Mainly reflects on the following aspects： first， the government should strengthen the institutional improvement， formulate normative documents， supervision and management measures of land utilization， planning formulation， government-invested projects and so on; complete the risks protection and management of incorruptible government pilot in key departments， start “the four machine account” institutional improvement of village-level. Second， the government should enhance the awareness of administration according to law， and conscientiously receive the legal supervision， work supervision of people’s Congress and its standing committee in district， and accept the democratic supervision of the People’s Political Consultative Conference in district， carry out the administrative law enforcement supervision and comprehensive administrative law enforcement pilot in G town， Z town， and T residential district. Third， the government should complete the restructuring of government administration in district， build the electronic monitoring system of administrative examination and approval， improve the working efficiency and service quality. Fourth， the government should improve its administrative enforcement power， strengthen the key work initiative， work on the spot， and inspection system， study and implement the tasks and suggestion of the national people’s congress and member of the CPPC in the government work report.

1.1.2 Highlight Urban and Rural Public Service Function of Government

Through the urban and rural service equalization reform of education， medical， social security， labor employment and so on， the S district strengthens the public service function and capability of government. First， the government should launch and carry out the project of national comprehensive reform of urban and rural education pilot site， carry out the four boards coordinative development strategy of “east， middle， western”， promote the high quality balanced development of education. Make the primary school and middle school in rural， low-performing school in urban as the key pilots， launch and carry out middle and primary school standardized construction， increase the fund guarantee level of middle and primary schools of rural in the compulsory education period. Second， keep carrying forward comprehensive health care reform pilots in communities， carry out the “separated management of income and expenditure” and a zero rate sales of basic medicine to community health service institution， improve medical and health service level in rural and urban. Third， the government should perfect the temporary emergency rescue system of urban and rural residents with financial difficulties， complete the “three level linkage” long-term relief mechanism of district， street， and town （community）， comprehensively improve the social security level of urban and rural residents. Fourth， the government should promote the five system construction of employment service， skill training， labor management and so on. Build the “full employment community” to realize the dynamic management of “non-employment family” in urban and rural; promote the use of employment service certification， make the people with difficulties in finding jobs in urban and rural enjoy the supported policies.

1.2 The Actual Status of Rural Administrative System of S District in Chongqing

1.2.1 Institution Setting

There are 11 township administrative divisions in S district， totally 81 administrative towns， and 1，310 villager’s groups. And each township government has 8 to 11 institutions， which mainly constituted by the administrative system and public institution. Among them， the administrative system sets Party and Government Offices， Economic Development Office， Budget Office， Comprehensive Treatment of Social Order Committee Office， Construction Management Office; the public institution mainly has Agricultural Service Center， Cultural Service Center， Social Security Services Agency， Social Enterprise Service Center， Reproductive Health of Population and Family Planning Service Station and so on. In addition， the functions about the party committee series don’t set any institutions， such as， inspect discipline， organization， publicity， united front work; about the series of national people’s congress， except the Z town， J town， and X town， the other township governments all canceled the organization of the people’s congress， for example， the G town set no longer people’s congress office since 2008.

1.2.2 Organization Function

Through the questionnaire survey to town leaders， the main works of town government （Table 1）， the choice of “economy development” takes the largest proportion， which occupied 67.633%; the second is the “public security （solve rural social contradictions， keep the rural social stability）”， the proportion reached to 66.667%; the third is “social undertaking， such as cultural， education， medical” and “provide better public services for farmers”， the proportion all reached to 61.836%. This can explain the traditional significance town government working focus “handles the matters assigned by the superior people’s government” has changed from the root， and the family planning is no longer the main task. Now， the main working of town government has changed to economy development， public security， and provide public service， among them， protect farmers’ democratic rights and economic interests， perfect agriculture socialization service system， promoting the construction of modern agriculture， promoting the rural democratic politics construction and village self-governance， and public construction， such as road and water conservancy are all belongs to the category of “public service”.

Table 1

The Choice About Town Government Main Works in the Survey

Serial number Work option （multiple choice） Proportion

1 Family planning 37.680%

2 Public security（solve rural social contradictions， keep the rural social stability） 66.667%

3 Economy development 67.633%

4 Public construction， such as road and water conservancy 51.208%

5 Social undertaking， such as cultural， education， medical 61.836%

6 Perfect agriculture socialization service system， promoting the construction of modern agriculture 53.140%

7 Provide better public services for farmers 61.836%

8 Protect farmers’ democratic rights and economic interests 58.454%

9 Promoting the rural democratic politics construction and village self-governance 42.515%

10 Conservation of resources 56.039%

11 The rural planning construction 51.691%

12 Handle the matters assigned by the superior people’s government 40.580%

13 Else 0.483%

In the 4 functions （governance， public service， economy development， and else） of town government， the proportion of choice that consider the town government has public service function takes 71.014%， the economy development takes 46.377%， the governance function takes 10.628%， the else function takes 0.483%. in addition， among these options， the choice that consider the town government has the function of governance， economy development， and public service at the same time takes 6.316%， the choice that consider it has pubic service and economy development at the same time takes 25.263%， the choice that consider it has public service function takes 44.737%， the choice that consider it has economy development takes 18.421%， the choice that consider it has governance function takes 4.211%. And these data can explain that most civil servant accepts the conception of public service-oriented government construction， and it becomes the main function of town government.

2. THE LAND EXPROPRIATION STATUS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE RURAL ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM OF S DISTRICT IN CHONGQING

2.1 The Land Expropriation Status of S District in Chongqing

Since the concept of macrocosm urbanization produced， university city， logistics park， micro electric park and other large projects had to follow up， due to the needs of the construction projects of the expropriation of rural land. Among them， the situation of typical towns of land expropriation as follows：

a） The C town， by the end of 2009， paid out 6 administrative villages， but did not collapse. There are 51 Co-operatives， has decreased by 68%. The agricultural population has 5，445 people， has felled by 74%. The size change area of 1，289 hectares， has decreased by 63%. Agricultural acreage has 526 hectares， has felled by 66%. Land expropriation is mainly used on the university town， micro electric park， Taiwanese Technology Innovation Industry Park， water diversion canal， bonded area， the western new city construction land resettlement area. That lead to the development of town space is shrinking， the remaining land scattered， messy， and more remote mountain， bad to use. Due to the special position in the C town， 80% land has been expropriated. The traffic， irrigation and water conservancy facilities system had been the larger extent.

b） The X town， has an area of 28.6 square kilometers， 6 administrative villages， 2 communities， 110 cooperatives， 3，832 villagers， the resident population of 24，103 people， and the agricultural population of 11，177 people. Among them， 59 cooperatives had been expropriated， 23 non-expropriated cooperatives， and the remaining areas were surrounded within the control specification. Agricultural lands are not much left， and the expropriation lands mainly used for the construction of the west wing microelectronic industrial park. Land-losing farmers in X town concentrated in the habitable zone， the Land-lost farmers placement housing has 400，000 square meters， there are about 5，000 households.

c） The T town， land area of 33.3 square kilometers， has 9 administrative villages， 1 community， 135 cooperatives， 7，069 villagers， the resident population of 25，416 people， the agricultural population of 20，652 people. From 2005 to 2009 years， the area of land expropriation for basic construction had 58，220 hectares， In 2009 alone， the area of collective land expropriation had 55，050 hectares. 129 cooperatives had been expropriated， including 3 villages expropriated. The land expropriation is mainly used for the construction of the western modern logistics park.

d） The H1 town， land area of 29 square kilometers， has 7 administrative villages， 1 community， 117 cooperatives. Among them， 107 cooperatives have been demolished， remaining cooperative housing poor， the peasants’ living mainly rely on the migrant works in the university town. But as a result of excellent geographical location of these cooperatives， the entire would be used for the new rural construction with high specifications. Since 2007， the introduction of new rural owner， had solved 3 cooperatives by building the centralized residential districts. Landless peasants did not find a resettlement for more than 2，000 households， the stable work for them becomes the main work of the government. The government’s fiscal income is very few， mainly supported by land expropriation income. Resettlement of villagers are mainly distributed in town， such as C， Z， X. The H1 town do not set the relocation sites， but the villagers’ residence still belongs to the H1 town.

e） The H2 town， land area of 39.1 square kilometers， has 10 administrative villages， 1 community， 199 cooperatives， 8，417 farmers， the resident population of 26，282 people， the agricultural population of 26，282 people. Commonly cultivated land area of 250，240.5 hectares. The number of contracted farmers has 8，059 households. The area of expropriation cultivated land is about 118，490 hectares in recent years， the urbanized number is 786 households. Among them， the construction of logistics garden in the town covers an area of about 18-20 square kilometers， the railway construction is mainly within the scope of the town， covers an area of about 40，000 hectares.

2.2 The Impact of Land Expropriation on the Rural Administrative System of the S District in Chongqing

2.2.1 The Rural Administrative Area Is Broken and Some Administrative Villages Empty Shell

The research of 11 towns in S district shows that （Table 2）： Due to the rapid advance of urbanization， while there are still reserved 11 towns， a total of 81 administrative villages， 81 rural administrative organizational system of villagers’ groups， but most of the towns of administrative area has changed. 10 towns， and 57 administrative villages had the presence of land expropriation， including 16 villages， 396 village groups had been expropriated of the whole land， and 203 villager groups had been expropriated of the partial land. This makes the original complete rural administrative areas become fragmented due to the land expropriation in S district .

Table 2

The Situation of Rural Administrative Area of S District

Villages

（groups） number The villages number of land expropriation The villages number of the whole land expropriation The groups number of the whole land expropriation The groups number of the partial land expropriation

C town 12（161） 12 6 71 38

H1 town 7（117） 7 3 108 0

T town 9（137） 9 3 85 20

X town 6（110） 6 1 59 24

Z town 10（90） 7 3 21 17

H2 town 10（199） 6 0 29 47

F town 7（132） 2 0 0 19

Q town 5（121） 3 0 3 23

J town 4（36） 4 0 20 11

G town 5（77） 2 0 0 4

Z town 6（130） 0 0 0 0

Total 81（1310） 58 16 396 203

The part of administrative villages in H1 town， C town， T town， X town， Z town etc. had been expropriated of the whole land. Farmers have placement or will stay in the settlement area. Among the administrative villages of land expropriation， distributed in the C town has 6 village， and the T town has 4 villages， while the H1 town， X town and Z town occupied 3 villages， respectively. Obviously， the administrative organizational system without land and agricultural population had become a “shell”， no longer has the practical significance.

2.2.2 Citizenization of Farmers Management Disorder， Security Hidden Serious Danger

According to statistics， agricultural population has 173，649 people in the S district， but the actual agricultural population has only 147，053 people， and 47，534 people of the land-losing farmers. That cause great difference because most of the land-losing farmers have not been changed account after resettlement （or in a state of Waiting for settlement）， still included in the rural registered permanent residence. As a result， to the urbanized farmers （has been changed account and the land-lost farmers without changing）， there is no corresponding management system， that lead to the urbanized peasants management disorder. In essence， the binary system with a mixture of grassroots community and the government management， not only lead to the cross， wrangling， blank and confusion of the management， also easy to cause the interests contradictions and conflicts between different census register population.

The most jurisdictions of the H1 town and C town in the transition period of urbanization， the contradiction of rural development and urban development are intertwined， and the most outstanding problem is still the resettlement for land-losing farmers because of land expropriation which is huge quantity， sharp contradiction， and strong rigidity of policy. Among them， the C town undertake the most of the task of land-lost farmers’ resettlement， and the resettlement source of land-lost farmers has the characteristics of the across regions. Once the land expropriation and the production and living of the land-lost farmers can not be placed effectively， that will certainly become potential hazard of the social order. For example， as a result of the huge quantity and complex composition of the floating population， the rental management out of control， the so-called gray economies and gray industries in legal limbo （illegal essentially） are around them， that make criminals often blend into these fields. At the same time， the low end of the flowing population with weak economic foundation and poor earning ability. Once fortune ran against them， the existential threat produced， and easy to commit crimes. With the perhaps of police strength inadequate， their prevention and control may be poor （Li， 2013）.

2.2.3 The Unequal Rights and Responsibilities， and Delays in Functional Change of Township Government

Township government is the most direct public service providers， and the most direct social affair managers， but also the specific organizer and executor of urban and rural development as a whole. On the one hand， township government in the face of unequal increasingly between financial powers and responsibilities， coupled with the heightened inflation of financial support personnel， town finance is in trouble. For example， after the land demolition， due to lack of funds， village-level organizations could not complete the task; government workers deal with affairs heavily， but non-guaranteed funds have led to the loss of large Numbers of people. On the other hand， due to lack of administrative law enforcement， which leads to the serious asymmetry of township government administrative authority and responsibility. For example， in the aspect of safety in production， township government can only play the duty of guiding， supervising， checking and information to the superior， and do not have the right of punishment; In problems of parking， overload， and environmental protection， township government is also not the executive power， that all constitute a safety hazard for the steady development of rural society.

Along with the rapid advance of urbanization， the township governments of the H1，town， C town， J town， etc.， assume actually the basic task of city management， but the lineage is still the agricultural economy and rural society management pattern， the administrative authority and institutional setting do not change in time， appear the phenomenon of “ lowCpower truck”. Especially the C town absorbed large scale of external migrant workers， but the spending and staffing of the infrastructure and public services are carried out in accordance with the household register population， that lead to the infrastructure such as transportation， water and electricity， underground pipe network， garbage disposal， etc. and the public service such as education， health， social security， etc. seriously lags behind the needs of the development of urbanization.

3. THE OVERALL FRAMEWORK AND ITS SUPPORTING MEASURES OF RURAL ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM REFORM OF THE S DISTRICT IN CHONGQING

3.1 The Overall Framework of Rural Administrative System Reform of the S District in Chongqing

3.1.1 Town to Street

The implication of Changing from town to street at present is mainly the understanding on the level of practice， but lacks the universal concept achieved consensus. Changing from town to street is meaning “a social phenomena， social activities that town （village） government be revoked and instead of the street agency. Its core content includes： First， the manager change from township governments into street offices; second， the management object is the villagers that has been turned into urban registered permanent residence within the areas of the town which had been built into urban; third， the original village communities be changed into residents’ committees. In narrow sense， changing from town to street can be thought as the process that the administrative main body within a certain region change the township government level to the street agency which is the dispatched office of the government， and along with the administrative privileges adjustment， and management object modification （Song & Wang， 2015）. On the whole， street instead of town， is advantageous to the promotion function of central city， broaden the urban development space， enhance the capacity of radiation to drive， speed up the urbanization process （Yang， 2009）.

According to the existing agricultural development space， agricultural population and urbanization progress， determine the object of “town to street”. The H1 town has only 94 hectares of cultivated land， the agricultural population of 1，550 people; the C town has only 526 hectares of cultivated land， the agricultural population of 5445 people; the J town has only 53.79 hectares of cultivated land， the agricultural population of 4，700 people. Predictably， with massive land expropriation work completion， the land-losing farmers settled， and the expansion of city area， the major function of these three town will gradually shift to urban management. In order to shorten the transition period of urbanization， to eliminate the original dual structure as soon as possible， to realize the “city” and “township” fusion virtually， and to avoid the outbreak of the safety problems accumulated by urbanization transition， the H1 town， C town and J town should be determined as the object of “town to street”. New street agency has a number of residents’ committees， mainly be responsible for the jurisdiction of the city management， land expropriation and resettlement work. To do the land expropriation and resettlement work steadily， at the same time in the reform of “town changed into street”， should to set up specialized agencies in land resettlement affairs―land resettlement office， and its staff transfer from existing staff in the town.

3.1.2 Village to Residence

The so-called village to residence， is change from the rural villagers’ committee to urban community residents committee （Wan & Hai， 2005）. The object of village to residence mainly is the villages that have been incorporated into urban development areas or urbanization transition area. According to the situation of land expropriation， it is can be divided into three kinds of situation that land has been all expropriated， most expropriated， and small partial expropriated. The first category is “shell village”， the second and third categories are “incomplete village” （that is， still residue part of farmland）. The particular way of village to the residence is： The first is cancel the “empty villages” organizational system， and set up community residents’ committees in the resettlement area. There are 20 administrative villages had been all land expropriated in S district already， farmers have or will stay in settlement area. Although the organizational system of the 20 administrative villages are remaining， but there are no agricultural production factors， retaining administrative organizational system has become meaningless. In order to speed up the urbanization process， we should cancel the 20 administrative villages organizational system， land-losing farmers settled in different areas should be all “urbanized” as soon as possible ， and belonging to the community residents’ committees in each place. The second is to cancel the J town of “incomplete village”， and incorporate it into neighboring community residents’ committees. The J town has only 4 “incomplete village” in total， there is only a small amount of agricultural production factors， and its surrounding area is full of urbanization. Therefore， we should cancel the four “incomplete village” administrative organizational system， its “urbanized” farmers should be incorporated into the nearest community residents’ committees. The third is to cancel the “incomplete village” of the new region in the west， to set up a rural community residents’ committees. The 22 imperfect villages of the agriculture maintenance area located in the western new region should be taken “village to residence”， and combined with the new rural construction， to promote the regional rural urbanization process gradually.

3.1.3 The Rural Community Joint-Stock System Reform

With the speeding up of urbanization， rural land has been expropriated， village collective assets total amount and composition of “village withdrawal and set up residents’ committee”， “village withdrawal and incorporated into residents’ committee”， and “village to residence” has changed a lot. How to manage and use of collective assets， protect the lawful economic rights and interests of the collective economic organizations and their members become the key to rural administrative system reform. Therefore， in advance of “village withdrawal and set up residents’ committee”， “village withdrawal and incorporated into residents’ committee”， and “village to residence”， at the same time， we should to take the rural community joint-stock system reform of these villages. Through shareholding system reform， achieve the goals that the assets stock clear， the total value true; the property right subject reason， quantitative equity reasonable; Organization soundness， supervision and management system perfect; Institution mechanism flexible， asset appreciation value obvious. Actively revitalize rural idle assets， promote rural land circulation， let the farmers get more salary income， at the same time， get more property income， made a breakthrough to institutional innovation in the rural areas.

3.2 Supporting Measures of Rural Administrative System Reform of the S District in Chongqing

3.2.1 Organization and Implementation of the Reform

3.2.1.1 Strengthening Leadership， to Provide Organizational Guarantee

On the one hand， it can be set up the work leading group of rural administrative system reform that the main leader of the district as the team leader， the deputy chief as the deputy team leader， and the main leaders of the national development and reform commission， the personnel department， discipline inspection departments， and the relevant functional departments as the team members. They are all have the duty of organization， coordination， and integration rural administrative system reform work， and approve relevant policy and system. On the other hand， it can be established the working group of rural administrative system reform that the main leader of the district development and reform commission （NDRC） as the team leader， leaders of related departments such as organization and personnel department， discipline inspection department， Land Bureau， agriculture department and so on as deputy leaders， the main leaders of the related town as the team members. comprehensive office and the joint stock cooperative system reform office of rural collective economic organizations constituted by capable personnel， are responsible for implementation project of “3 reforms” （town to street， village to residence， share cooperation reform） of rural administrative system reform to promote “1 urbanization” （rural urbanization） in S district .

3.2.1.2 Extensive Publicity， to Provide Ideological Guarantee

It is necessary to strengthen theory knowledge learning of rural administrative system reform， to improve the understanding of importance， difficulty and long-term of reform work for the S district cadres， to unify thoughts and actions to reform work. advice on the activity， the pioneering spirit， respect for the masses to mobilize and exert the enthusiasm of social main body， condensed the formation of good atmosphere of the whole society concern， support and participation， for the rural reform of administrative system to provide thinking assurance， spiritual motive force and public opinion support.

3.2.2 Dividing Town and Street Positioning Function Rationally

Town and street as the important level in the administrative management， they are playing a fundamental role in the overall economic and social science development， promoting social stability and harmony. We should to conduct a comprehensive cleaning for the function of the township government and street agency in accordance with the provisions of laws， regulations and rules， and define the authority-responsibility relationships between them scientifically， avoid the abuse of “territorial management” principle and “target responsibility”， to ensure the responsibilities reasonable between the town and the street， and to strengthen the ability of social science development of overall regional economy.

3.2.2.1 Township Government

Township government is the most basic level of administrative authority. according to the request of implementation of global urbanization and urban and rural development as a whole， the first is to strengthen social management， such as social security， family planning， civil affairs， land management， environmental protection， urban management， town planning， road construction， market regulation， farmers’ burden monitoring and other administrative law enforcement and management work; The second is to strengthen public services， pay special attention to the rural education， science and technology， culture， health and other aspects of the public utilities， to strengthen the construction of rural social service system， to provide information， technology， health， life and other services for farmers; the third is to maintain social stability， strengthen all facets of public security management， and coordination of peace and security work， strengthen the letters and visits， mediation， to resolve rural social contradictions; the fourth is to guide the villagers’ autonomy. For the township government in S district， it is the most basic responsibilities and tasks that flood control， forest fire prevention， quarantine channel management， construction of water conservancy facilities.

3.2.2.2 The Street Agency

Street agency is the township government resident agency， based on the residents’ work， which take the community construction， urban management， community security and region stability as the key point. According to the of laws， regulations and the authorization of district government， the street agency has functions of organization and leadership， comprehensive coordination， supervision and inspection for the works of regional， social， and public in the area under its jurisdiction. In view of the H town， C town， and J town changed to street agency， functions such as original industrial development， flood control， forest fire prevention， animal quarantine， channel management， construction of water conservancy facilities， etc. should not be canceled， but even to a certain extent strengthened. Street agency， meanwhile， should transfer the work to a demonstration of economic subject guide， provide quality and efficient public service， and create a development environment， positively transform the mode of work， emphasis on the development， follow the law， democratic management， government affairs， strengthen service.

3.2.3 Appropriately Delegate Administrative Law Enforcement

Because of the management project of administrative law enforcement in the town is various， but the district-level law enforcement departments with the qualifications of the main law enforcement have too much work and their staff do not enough， it was beyond their reach. Therefore， it can be in accordance with the principle of administration according to law and the equality of right and responsibility， we should take the environmental protection， municipal gardens， water， construction， planning， labor security， forestry， agriculture and other departments’ law enforcement work entrusted to the township government appropriately， to realize the unity of administrative law enforcement and administrative law enforcement responsibility. To the functional departments of fails to practice the entrusted enforcement and set up the local agency in town， we should strengthen coordination and collaboration with the township government， establish a system to inform and assistant， earnestly implement the responsibility of law enforcement supervision. The town can hold the joint conference regularly participated by the functional departments of town and district， the stationed institutions of functional departments， and the relevant units within its jurisdiction， to coordinate relevant law enforcement in town. Combined the actual of S district， it is necessary to delegate or entrust the power of planning， construction and other illegal punishment and safety supervision and punishment， rectification and the supervision and administration of production safety in mines， road traffic safety rectification， culture supervision law enforcement， labor supervision and law enforcement， etc..

CONCLUSION

According to the division of five big functions， the S district in Chongqing belongs to the core area of urban function and the urban development zone， embodies the basic concept of development of global urbanization. In the guidance of the concept of global urbanization， the construction of public facilities and public utilities of the S district brings a lot of land expropriation by government behavior， that impact the rural administrative areas and systems， urbanization management order， and the transition of government function in a certain extent. In the reform of administrative system in the rural areas， it needs to fully consider the potential and realistic influence of land expropriation by government， scientific design of the framework and supporting measures， so as to have a positive impact on urbanization.

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