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壶腹部恶性肿瘤31例临床分析

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【摘要】 目的:探讨壶腹恶性肿瘤临床病理特点,比较各种诊断方法的检出率,术前活检的诊断价值,为早期诊断及治疗提供依据。方法:对笔者所在医院2010年6月-2016年6月收治的经病理证实的31例壶腹部恶性肿瘤的临床病理特点进行回顾性分析,比较影像学检查及内镜检查的检出率,比较术前活检病理及术后病理一致性。结果:壶腹部恶性肿瘤主要临床表现为黄疸(77.4%)、腹痛(41.9%)、腹胀(25.8%)、贫血(22.6%)、纳差(16.1%)、消瘦(12.9%)、发热(9.7%)。所有壶腹部恶性肿瘤患者行CT及MRCP时均有阳性发现,CT检出壶腹部占位30例(96.8%),MRCP检出壶腹部占位27例(96.4%),胃镜/十二指肠镜检出十二指肠病变14例(93.3%)。活检病理与术后病理相比,72.7%的结果低估了病变恶性程度。结论:壶腹部恶性肿瘤早期症状缺乏特异性,CT、MRCP、胃镜/十二指肠镜是诊断壶腹部恶性肿瘤的有效检查方法,影像学与内镜联合检查有助于提高术前检出率。

【关键词】 壶腹部恶性肿瘤; 临床病理特点; 诊断

doi:10.14033/ki.cfmr.2016.36.060 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2016)36-0113-03

Clinical Analysis of 31 Cases of Ampullary Cancer/LI Qing-yun,WANG Bao-you.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research,2016,14(36):113-115

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and diagnosis methods of patients with ampullary cancer in order to provide basis for early diagnosis and treatment.Method:From June 2010 to June 2016,the clinical pathological features of 31 patients with ampullary cancer confirmed by pathology were analyzed.The positive rate between imaging examination and endoscopy were compared.The preoperative biopsy and postoperative pathology were also investigated.Result:The main clinical features included jaundice(77.4%),abdominal pain(41.9%),distension(25.8%),anaemia(22.6%),anepithymia(16.1%),weight loss(12.9%) and fever(9.7%).All patients presented with CT or MRCP had positive findings.The detection rate of CT for space-occupying lesions in ampulla was 96.8%,while 96.4% of MRCP.The detection rate of lisions in bile papilla was 93.3% of pared with postoperative pathology,72.7% results of preoperative biopsy underestimated the tumor grade.Conclusion:The early symptom of ampullary cancer is lack of specificity.CT,MRCP and endoscope are all efficient diagnostic methods of ampullary bination of using imaging and endoscopic examination is helpful to improve the preoperative diagnosis rate and prognosis of the patients.

【Key words】 Ampullary cancer; Clinical pathologic characteristics; Diagnosis

First-author’s address:Lu’an People’s Hospital, Lu’an 237005,China

馗共慷裥灾琢鍪欠⑸于十二指肠内胆胰管、胆胰管壶腹或十二指肠大区域的恶性肿瘤[1]。壶腹部肿瘤早期可无明显症状,仅发展到一定程度后才出现临床症状,其首发症状可以黄疸、腹痛、腹胀、贫血、纳差及消瘦等多种形式出现,早期诊断相对困难,影像学检查及十二指肠镜是壶腹部恶性肿瘤筛查及诊断的主要方法。本文对笔者所在医院2010年6月-2016年6月收治的经病理证实的31例壶腹部肿瘤的临床病理特点及诊断方法进行回顾性分析,旨在探讨壶腹部恶性肿瘤的临床病理特点、比较各种诊断方法的检出率,提高临床诊断水平,改善预后。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2010年6月-2016年6月笔者所在医院收治的经病理证实的壶腹部恶性肿瘤患者31例,其中男18例,女13例,男女比1.38∶1,年龄42~82岁,中位年龄62岁。发病至就诊时间1~120 d。