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血透加灌流治疗尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进临床疗效观察

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摘要:目的:研究尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进采用血透加灌流治疗的临床疗效。方法:随机抽取2012年2月~2013年6月本院接诊的45例尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进患者作为研究对象,将接受低钙透析液加活性维生素D3冲击治疗的患者(23例)归为对照组,将22例在对照组基础上增加HA型树脂血液灌流疗法的患者归为观察组。结果:治疗后观察组患者Ca(血钙)、P(血磷)、iPTH(甲状旁腺激素)及Ca×P(钙磷乘积)整体改善情况由于对照组;治疗后观察组患者18例(81.8%)肌无力、皮肤瘙痒症状得以有效缓解,对照组11例(47.8%)。结论:血透加灌流治疗尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进疗效显著,值得临床应用。

关键词:甲状旁腺功能亢进;血透加灌流;尿毒症

Abstract:Objective: To study the clinical effect of uremic secondary hyperparathyroidism with hemodialysis and perfusion therapy. Methods: randomly selected in 2012 February ~ 45 uremic secondary hyperparathyroidism patients in this hospital admissions in 2013 June as the research object, will accept the low calcium dialysate and active Vitamin D3 shock treated patients (23 cases) classified as the control group, 22 cases in the control group based on the increase of HA type resin hemoperfusion therapy patients were classified as the observation group. Results: after the treatment, the patients in observation group were Ca (Xue Gai), P (phosphorus), iPTH (parathyroid hormone) and Ca * P (calcium phosphorus product) to improving the overall situation as control group; the observation group patients after the treatment of 18 cases of myasthenia gravis (81.8%), skin itching can be effectively alleviated, 11 cases in the control group (47.8%). Conclusion: the therapeutic effect of hemodialysis and perfusion flow in treatment of uremic secondary hyperparathyroidism is significant, worthy of clinical application.

Keyword: hyperparathyroidism; hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion; uremia

继发甲状旁腺功能亢进简称继发性甲旁亢[1],是慢性肾功能不全者在尿毒症期最为常见的并发症,低血钙、慢性肾脏疾病、慢性肾功能不全导致的维生素D3缺乏均为其主要致病因素,继发甲状旁腺功能亢进临床治疗一般采用活性维生素D3冲击疗法[2]。本文以本院接诊的45例尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进患者作为研究对象,研究尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进采用血透加灌流治疗的临床疗效,经数据整理和分析,形成如下报告。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

将45例尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进患者作为研究对象,患者血清iPTH升高298~2412pg/ml不等,存在不同程度的皮肤瘙痒,关节、肌肉疼痛;使用碳酸氢盐透析液,透析频率为2次/周,血液透析滤过1次,每次时长达(4~5)h,钙离子浓度1150~1180mmol/L,透析时间为(18~106)月,平均(57.2±2.3)月;其中高血压肾病10例(22.2%),原发病性慢性肾小球肾炎者22例(48.9%),糖尿病肾病者11例(24.4%),常染色体遗传性多囊肾病者2例(4.4%);将其随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组22例患者中男14例,女8例,年龄(22~75)岁,平均(43.2±3.2)岁;对照组23例患者中男15例,女8例,年龄(21~79)岁,平均(47.2±3.1)岁,两组患者一般资料比较,均为P>0.05,无显著性差异,具有分组研究可比性。已经排除精神疾病和智力障碍患者,入选对象均知情并签写同意书。

1.2方法

注:观察组,治疗前与治疗4周比较,Ca、P、iPTH及C×PCa比较,分别为:t=5.57(P=0.0000)、t=7.30(P=0.0000)、t=7.13(P=0.0000)、t=4.05(P=0.0002);治疗前与治疗后12周比较,Ca、P、iPTH及C×PCa比较,分别为:t=7.96(P=0.0000)、t=7.68(P=0.0000)、t=14.43(P=0.0000)、t=8.08(P=0.0000)。对照组,治疗前与治疗4周比较,Ca、P、iPTH及C×PCa比较,分别为:t=5.46(P=0.0000)、t=1.08(P=0.2876)、t=0.71(P=0.4801)、t=3.14(P=0.0030);治疗前与治疗后12周比较,Ca、P、iPTH及C×PCa比较,分别为:t=4.86(P=0.0000)、t=2.45(P=0.0184)、t=10.08(P=0.0000)、t=4.24(P=0.0001)。观察组与对照组比较:治疗4周后,Ca、P、iPTH、C×P比较,分别为:t=0.84(P=0.4081)、t=6.07(P=0.0000)、t=4.27(P=0.0001)、t=1.21(P=0.2326)。治疗12周后,Ca、P、iPTH、C×P比较,分别为:t=2.45(P=0.0185)、t=6.44(P=0.0000)、t=11.35(P=0.0000)、t=5.80(P=0.0000)。

3讨论

甲状旁腺素及其受体在多种组织中广泛存在[4],其作用靶器官几乎为所有机体器官,故甲状旁腺素异常时,会产生高磷血症[5]、肾性骨病、高钙磷乘积、皮肤瘙痒等临床表现。本研究采用两种血液净化方法联合D3冲击疗法对患者进行治疗,治疗后患者的血清iPTH均逐步、稳定的下降,Ca、P及C×P出现不同程度的改善,患者皮肤瘙痒、肌无力等症状也得以缓解[6]。其中观察组患者临床指标及症状改善更为明显,可证实血透加灌流更具临床应用价值。

参考资料:

[1]张兰,陈佳敏,程明,等.血透加灌流治疗尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进疗效观察[J].人民军医,2013,51(3):159-161.

[2] Vitetta, L,Gobe, G..Uremia and chronic kidney disease: The role of the gut microflora and therapies with pro- and prebiotics.[J].Molecular Nutrition and Food Research,2013,57(5):824-832.

[3]聂小兰,李婧,邓彦彦,韩鹏勋 . 血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的疗效观察 . 国际护理学杂志, 2011,30(01):691-692.

[4] Tomayko,E.J.,Cachia,A.J.,Chung,H.R. et al.Resveratrol Supplementation Reduces Aortic Atherosclerosis and Calcification and Attenuates Loss of Aerobic Capacity in a Mouse Model of Uremia[J].Journal of medicinal food,2014,17(2):278-283.

[5] Carracedo,J.,Buendía,P.,Merino,A. et al.Cellular senescence determines endothelial cell damage induced by uremia[J].Experimental Gerontology,2013,48(8):766-773.

[6]丘红梅,刘成,李剑文等.血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的疗效观察及护理[J].国际医药卫生导报,2014,20(14):2174-2176.