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乳腺癌患者实施程序化心理护理的效果观察

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[摘要] 目的 探讨乳腺癌患者实施程序化心理护理效果及影响。 方法 选取我院2011年1月~2014年12月收治的59例乳腺癌手术患者,随机分为对照组和观察组;对照组应用常规护理方法,观察组采用程序化心理护理,对平均住院日、疾病知识掌握程度、并发症发生率、护理满意度及术后随访等进行评价。 结果 与对照组比较,观察组患者住院时间缩短,能较好地掌握疾病有关知识,积极主动配合治疗,并发症发生率低,患者满意度高,术后生活质量明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P

[关键词] 乳腺癌;程序化;心理护理;效果观察

[中图分类号] R473.73 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2015)31-0136-03

The effect of implement procedures psychological nursing observation for breast cancer patients

ZHANG Yilan

Department of General Surgery,the Third People's Hospital of Rugao City in Jiangsu Province,Rugao 226531,China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect and influence of implement procedures psychological nursing on patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 59 cases of breast cancer patients from January 2011 to December 2014 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. The control group were used routine nursing method. The observation group were used psychological procedure nursing. The patients were evaluated by using the average hospitalization day, the knowledge of the disease, the incidence of complications, nursing satisfaction and postoperative quality of life. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group of patients with shorter hospital stay, better grasp of the disease related knowledge, active and active treatment, the incidence of complications, patients with high satisfaction, postoperative life quality improved significantly, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P

[Key words] Breast cancer; Procedure; Ssychological nursing; Effect observation

乳腺癌居我国恶性肿瘤发病率第二位,并且已成为女性中发病最高的恶性肿瘤[1]。近几年来,不仅乳腺癌发病率呈上升趋势,而且年龄也趋向于年轻化。确诊为乳腺癌后,手术治疗是一个重要环节,乳腺癌改良根治术是当前临床上应用最普遍和最有效的乳腺癌治疗方法,可明显提高患者的生存率[2]。是女性性器官,也是女性展现美丽的自信要素之一,所以乳腺癌手术治疗对患者来说无疑是一种致命的打击,有些女性甚至为此拒绝手术治疗,恐惧绝望的心理对手术治疗将会产生诸多不利的影响。研究表明,术前轻度焦虑,说明患者对手术有充分的心理准备,心理适应功能良好,手术效果较好,严重焦虑让患者过分焦虑而出现烦躁不安、心慌,不能很好配合手术,术后容易发生并发症[3]。不良心理可降低患者治疗的积极性和依从性,降低治疗效果[4]。研究表明,癌症患者生存率受肿瘤部位、分化程度、患者心理、治疗依从性等综合影响,其中不良情绪和治疗积极性占50%[5]。因此,针对患者容易出现的最常见的心理问题,如焦虑、恐惧、抑郁、自卑等,采用程序化的心理护理对乳腺癌患者进行系统细致的心理护理,建立一种程序化的护理过程,帮助患者树立治疗信心,身心两方面都达到康复是一项重要的护理工作。