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have+n.+in doing sth句式归纳

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同学们大多比较熟悉 have difficulty in doing sth这一句式,因为它不仅是一个常考句式,而且在写作中也是一个很有用的“高级结构”。但是,同学们知道除了difficulty之外,还有哪些名词也适用于这一结构吗?本文综合了“人教版”“译林版”“外研版”等多套高中英语教材,同时结合近几年的高考英语命题情况,为大家归纳了以下“have + n. + in doing sth”句式(其中的介词in可以省略),供同学们复习时参考。

1. bother 麻烦,费事,费劲

用于have bother (in) doing sth,表示“做某事费劲”。如:

Did you have much bother (in) finding his office? 你是不是费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室?

We had quite a lot of bother (in) getting here because of the fog. 因为有雾,我们费了很大的劲才到达这儿。

比较其他相关结构:

(1) 用于savethe bother of doing sth,意为“省得某人麻烦去做某事”,其中的bother后要接of doing sth。如:

I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本来应该先给商店打个电话的,这样也就省得我走一趟。

(2) 用于go to (all) the bother of doing sth,意为“费心做某事”“不怕麻烦做某事”。如:

I’m not going to the bother of writing again. She never writes back. 我不想费心再给她写信了,她从不回信的。

2. difficulty 困难

用于have difficulty (in) doing sth,表示“做某事有困难”。如:

I had the greatest difficulty in persuading him. 为了说服他,我费了好大的力气。

We have much difficulty (in) understanding what he says. 我们要理解他说的话有不少困难。

该句型中的动词have有时可用 find,there be替换。如:

He finds little difficulty learning English. 他觉得学习英语没什么困难。

There is much difficulty in finding his office. 费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室。

3. fun 趣味,有趣

用于have fun (in) doing sth,表示“做某事有意思(有趣)”。如:

We had great fun comparing our baby pictures. 我们比较宝宝的照片觉得很有趣。

We had fun riding our bicycles to the beach today. 我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。

该句型中的动词 have有时可用 find,there be替换。如:

There’s no fun in spending the evening doing nothing. 晚上无事可干,很无聊。

There’s no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards. 整个晚上打扑克牌没有意思。

4. luck 运气

用于have luck (in) doing sth,表示“做某事时有运气(走运)”。如:

She had good luck in finding a new job quickly. 她很快便找到了一份新的工作,真幸运。

He cursed his bad luck in arriving just after she’d left. 他骂自己运气不好,他到达时她刚走。

其中的动词 have有时可用there be替换。如:

Often there is an element of luck in getting the right answer. 答对题目通常需要一点点运气。

比较相关句型:

So far I have had no luck with finding a job. 我找工作一直不走运。

We had the luck to find good childcare quite quickly. 我们运气好,很快就找到了不错的托儿所。

5. trouble 困难,麻烦

用于have trouble (in) doing sth,表示“做某事有困难”。如:

He was having trouble hearing her. 他发现要听清楚她说话很困难。

At first she had a little trouble following the lectures. 起初她上课听讲有点困难。

No,I don’t know his number―I have quite enough trouble remembering my own. 不,我不知道他的号码,我光记自己的号码就够困难的了。

I have some trouble in reading her handwriting. 我认她的笔迹有些困难。

We had no trouble (in) finding his house. 我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的家。

6. a good time (与have连用)玩得开心

用于have a good time (in) doing sth,表示“做某事很开心”。如:

We had a good time (in) playing tennis. 我们打网球打得很开心。

比较相关句型:

It’s a good time for buying [to buy] a house. 是买房子的好时机。

7. a hard time (与have连用)过得很辛苦

用于have a hard time (in) doing sth,表示“做某事很辛苦”。如:

I had a hard time finding you. 我找你费了好大劲。

The two friends had a hard time getting here. 两位朋友到这里来一路辛苦。

I had a hard time (in) getting them to see the point. 我费了很大劲儿才让他们明白我的意思。

8. job 工作;费力的事;任务

用于have a job (in) doing sth,表示“做某事有困难(很费力)”,与have difficulty (in) doing sth同义。如:

We had quite a job finding your house. 我们费了很大的劲才找到你的家。

You’ll have a job convincing them that you’re right. 要让他们信服你是对的还要费点劲。

We were only given an hour to do the exam,and I had a job finishing the paper. 我们考试的时间只有一个小时,我好不容易才做完了卷子。

其中的job有时可用hard,difficult修饰,其中的(in) doing sth有时也可换成不定式。如:

He had a hard job to make himself heard. 他好不容易才让别人听到他的声音。

注意,下面一句中的doing sth为句子主语,其前不能有介词in:

It was quite a job finding his flat. 找到他的寓所可不是件容易事。(句中的finding也可换成to find)

比较相关结构:

(1) 表示“做某事的工作(任务)”,其后可接of doing sth。如:

A food processor makes the job of preparing food a lot easier. 一个食品加工机使做饭容易了许多。

She’s taken on the job of organizing the Christmas party. 她接受了筹办圣诞晚会的任务。

(2) 用于do [make] a good job of doing sth(其中的good也可换成其他形容词),其意为“把某事做得好(不好等)”。如:

She did a splendid job of decorating the house for the party. 她为了晚会把房子装饰得非常漂亮。

She made a very good job of covering up the damage. 她非常老练地完成了掩盖损失的任务。

其中的of doing sth有时也可换成in doing sth(其中的good也可换成其他形容词),其意为“把某事干得好(不好等)”。如:

The police did an admirable job in keeping the fans calm. 警察把球迷们的秩序整得很好,令人敬佩。

(3) 有时可直接跟现在分词作定语。如:

She got a temporary job stacking shelves. 她找到一份整理货架的临时工作。

9. problem 困难

用于have a problem (in) doing sth,表示“做某事有困难”。如:

Did you have any problems (= difficulties) getting here? 你到这儿来遇到困难了吗?

若表示“做某事的困难”,则可后接 of doing sth。如:

Most students face the problem of funding themselves while they are studying. 大多数学生在求学期间都会面临经济来源的问题。