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解读中考代词考点

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代词是英语十大词类之一,是历年全国各地中考中的一个考查热点。本文拟以2012年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例,对代词的主要考点作出归纳和分析,供同学们复习备考之用。

一、考查人称代词的主格和宾格

人称代词主格(I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they)作主语,宾格(me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them)作及物动词或介词的宾语,即通常所说的“动词宾语”和“介词宾语”。

【中考真题】

1.(2012年潍坊卷)My first teacher, Ms. Yao, was very strict with .

A. usB. we

C. ourD. ours

2.(2012年重庆卷)Reading more helps learn better.

A. weB. our

C. usD. ours

3.(2012年济南卷)―Is your brother running in the park?

―No, is swimming in the river.

A. sheB. his

C. herD. he

4.(2012年绵阳卷)Everyone in the hall knew me, but I did not know .

A. himB. her

C. themD. those

二、考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词

形容词性物主代词具有形容词的功能,在名词之前作定语;名词性物主代词具有名词的功能,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

形容词性物主代词: my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their

名词性物主代词: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs

【中考真题】

.(2012年福州卷)―ere is a schoolbag. Whose is it?

―Oh, its . hank you.

A. myB. mineC. me

6.(2012年宁波卷)―Is this your notebook?

―No, it isnt. e is looking for .

A. mineB. yours

C. hersD. his

7.(2012年永州卷)With help, we finished our work on time.

A. theyB. themC. their

8.(2012年株洲卷)he students are helping the old man clean house now.

A. herB. himC. his

9.(2012年南充卷)―Is this your edictionary?

―No, is in the backpack.

A. mineB. yoursC. my

10.(2012年十堰卷)Mary and Gina are my cousins. father works in Dongfeng Company.

A. heirB. hey

C. hemD. heirs

11.[CM(16*2](2012年咸宁卷)―Are these CDs?

―No, they are not mine. hey belong to .

A. your; herB. yours; her

C. you; hersD. yours; she

12.(2012年上海卷)We have decided to try best to raise more money for the local charity.

A. usB. our

C. weD. ours

三、考查反身代词

单数反身代词有: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself;复数反身代词有: ourselves, yourselves, themselves。反身代词在句中常用作宾语、表语、同位语。在 enjoy oneself(玩得开心), help oneself to(随便用/吃……), kill oneself(自杀), lose oneself in(陶醉于……), express oneself(自我表达), introduce oneself(自我介绍), talk to oneself(自言自语), learn by oneself(自学)等固定短语中作及物动词或介词的宾语。

【中考真题】

13.(2012年广安卷)―Who taught you Japanese?

―Nobody, I learned it by .

A. myselfB. myC. me

14.(2012年河北卷)Dont worry about me. Im old enough to think for .

A. himselfB. herself

C. yourselfD. myself

1.(2012年宿迁卷) Peter enjoyed at his party last night.

A. heB. him

C. himselfD. his

四、考查复合不定代词

复合不定代词something, everything, anything, nothing 等表示事物; somebody, everybody, anybody, nobody, everyone, no one等表示人。这些复合不定代词都作单数,可作主语、宾语或表语。一般来说,something, somebody, everything, everybody 用于肯定句,anything, anybody 用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句;nothing, nobody, no one 本身具有否定意义,不与 not 连用。此外,形容词修饰复合不定代词时,通常后置。

【中考真题】

16.(2012年重庆卷)here must be wrong with the clock. It doesnt work.

A. nothingB. something

C. everythingD. anything

17.(2012年杭州卷)You look worried! Is all right?

A. everythingB. something

C. anythingD. nothing

18.(2012年武汉卷)When the Greens moved into the house last week, was at sixes and sevens, so they did a big cleaning.

A. somethingB. everything

C. anythingD. nothing

19.(2012年上海卷)I cant connect my computer to the Internet. here must be wrong with it.

A. somethingB. everything

C. anythingD. nothing

20.(2012年岳阳卷)―What else do you need for your trip?

― else. Ive packed everything.

A. SomethingB. Everything

C. Nothing

五、 考查替代词[WZ]one, it, that, those[WBZ]

one泛指上文提到过的同类人或事物中的一个单数名词; it指代上文提到过的单数名词或不可数名词,也指代无法确认性别的人,it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,代替作真正主语或真正宾语的动词不定式或从句,常见的句式有:It is +[WBX]adj[WBZ].+to do sth. 和find it +[WBX]adj[WBZ].+to do sth.;that 特指上文出现过的单数名词或不可数名词;those指代上文出现过的复数名词,相当于the ones。

【中考真题】

21.(2012年白银卷)Dont you think necessary for friends to trust eachother?

A. oneB. that

C. thoseD. it

22.(2012年河北卷)Could you record the football game for me? I can watch later.

A. itB. one

C. thisD. that

23.(2012年包头卷)As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than who dont.

A. thoseB. that

C. theseD. them

24.(2012年龙东卷) important us to eat a balanced diet.

A. Its; forB. hats; for

C. Its; to

六、考查[WZ]all, both, either, neither, none

both, either和neither皆表示两者,作主语、宾语和定语,both还可作同位语。both意为“两者都”,neither意为“两者都不”,either意为“两者中任意一个”,它们都可与of构成短语。

all和none表示三者或三者以上。all意为“全、都”,表肯定,none意为“一个没有”,表否定。all作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;none可作主语、宾语和同位语,但不作定语。all作主语时,指人看作复数,指物看作单数;none作主语时,看作单复数皆可;all和none都可与of构成短语;all和both与not连用表示部分否定。

【中考真题】

2.(2012年咸宁卷)―Do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone?

―. I enjoy chatting online.

A. NeitherB. Either

C. BothD. None

26.(2012年随州卷)―Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?

―, thanks. Id like just a cup of tea.

A. EitherB. Neither

C. BothD. None

27.(2012年襄阳卷)―Did Liu Ying and Liu Li come to your birthday party, Gina?

―I had invited them, but of them showed up.

A. bothB. all

C. noneD. neither

28.(2012年绍兴卷)I have lived in New York and London but I dont like city. I like Sydney.

A. anotherB. either

C. neitherD. any

29.(2012年乐山卷)If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take ? I wont read them this week.

A. allB. eitherC. both

30.(2012年天津卷)hey were all very tired, but of them took a rest.

A. noneB. all

C. bothD. either

31.(2012年大连卷)Lingling and Betty are great. of them have been chosen to enter the maths competition.

A. NoneB. Neither

C. AllD. Both

七、考查不定代词some, any

some(一些), any(一些、任何)既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。一般来说some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句或疑问句中。但 some 也可用于疑问句中,表示一种客气的请求或希望得到对方肯定的答复。

【中考真题】

32.(2012年黄石卷) Let me tell you news about cellphones(手机)―Apple asks Samsung to stop copying, and hundreds of people lined up to buy iPhone 4S.

A. aB. many

C. someD. few

33.(2012年贵阳卷)Its polite to take flowers as a gift when you go to visit a friend.

A.littleB. anyC. some

[WZ]八、考查other, the other, another, others, the others

other用作代词,与the连用构成“the other”,特指两个人或物中的“另一个”,常与one搭配构成“one the other”句型。

others是other 的复数形式,泛指“另外的人或物”,常与some搭配构成“some others”句型。

the others特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。

another作代词,意为“另一个”;作形容词,修饰名词,意为“另一”。another不和复数形式连用,但是后面附加two, three等的数词或是few时,可与复数形式连用。

【中考真题】

34.(2012年济宁卷)Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from .

A. otherB. another

C. the otherD. others

3.(2012年恩施卷)―Would you like to have cake?

―No, thanks. Im full.

A. moreB. another

C. other

36.(2012年南平卷)―ave you finished your work yet?

―No, not yet. Itll take me ten minutes.

A. otherB. another

C. the other

[WZ]九、考查little和a little;few和a few

a little意为“有一点”,little意为“不多、几乎没有”,little和a little用于修饰不可数名词,也可替代不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数。

a few意为“有几个”, few意为“不多、几乎没有”,few和a few用于修饰复数名词,也可替代复数名词,作主语时谓语动词用复数。

【中考真题】

37.(2012年沈阳卷)We need some more coffee. here is only left.

A. too manyB. too much

C. a littleD. a few

[WZ]十、考查many和much[WBZ]

many和much都表示“多”的概念。many只修饰可数名词复数;much只修饰不可数名词。

【中考真题】

38.(2012年温州卷)My cousins have collected stamps for two years. hey have stamps from different countries.

A. fewB. many

C. muchD. little

39.(2012年南昌卷)Its easy to find a good hotel in our city because we have of them here.

A. noneB. few

C. manyD. each

40.(2012年宁夏卷)e takes little, but gives .

A. fewB. little

C. muchD. many

十一、考查疑问代词和关系代词

疑问代词对人或物提出疑问,构成特殊疑问句,用在特殊疑问句的句首;疑问代词可用来引导宾语从句,用陈述句语序。初中阶段,我们所学的疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which。

关系代词是用来引述前面已经提过的名词或代词的一类词,常用来引导定语从句。它主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。who, whom和whose在定语从句中都用来指人,其中whom在句中作宾语,which 只指物,that 既可指人也可指物。

【中考真题】

41.(2012年滨州卷)― is your father?

―A bank clerk. e works in a bank near my home.

A. WhereB. ow

C. WhatD. Which

42.(2012年枣庄卷)Robert is just one young overseas Chinese has come to visit his ancestors homeland.

A. whoB. where

C. whenD. which

43.(2012年衢州卷)―What are you looking for?

―Im looking for the pen my father gave me last week.

A. whoB. which

C. whoseD. whom

44.(2012年绵阳卷)I can never forget the stories my grandma told me.

A. whatB. who

C. themD. that

4.(2012年随州卷)―here are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister?

―he one hat is yellow.

A. whoB. whose

C. thatD. which

[K]参考答案

1~ ACDCB6~10 DCCAA

11~1 BBADC16~20 BABAC

21~2 DAAAA26~30 BDBCA

31~3 DCCCB36~40 BCBCC

41~4 CABDB