谈机械制造中的节能设计理念

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Talk about the machinery manufacturing energy saving design concept

HuJianQiu

Guangdong international freight dock new will port Co., LTD, guangdong jiangmen 529100

Abstract:

Mechanical manufacturing is the high energy consumption of the industry, and in the process into energy saving design concept is a certain practical significance. In the mechanical energy conservation idea mainly introduced in the link shall be from three aspects, namely the optimization design, rational choice materials, to improve the process, only by energy conservation idea into the three crucial link to achieve all energy saving, energy saving and emission reduction to the purpose.

Keywords: design optimization system optimization rational choice materials reduce environment load perfect process optimization process

A mechanical design and optimization, energy saving

1, try to choose low public nuisance engine. The engine is engineering machinery all system of environment impact the biggest parts, with low oil consumption, low emissions, low noise, high efficiency of environmental protection can decrease the turbo diesel engine cooling water to the environment of the load.

2, hydraulic system clean and leakage and system of high efficiency and energy saving design, and maintain the purity of the hydraulic oil transmission of engineering machinery hydraulic transmission is very important, so elaborate design engineering mechanical hydraulic system is necessary, so that it can remove the oil of garbage, dust mechanical wear impurity content, reduce hydraulic components failure and wear, prolong the service life of the commonly used hydraulic components, reduce the hydraulic oil change frequency, extend changing oil time interval, and to reduce the pollution of the environment surrounding homework. Hydraulic system of the surrounding environment of leakage pollution is port machinery operation of universal, hydraulic pipeline using corrosion resistance, prevent ageing, good seal performance of high quality imported hose is necessary; In order to reduce the amount of damage hose abandoned, design should be in May try to use under the condition of hard tube; In the process of design can use the hose and easy to break out when the oil and environmental pollution.

3, environmental protection safety concern the roof of the cab type design. S is a champions league group has a subordinate tianma and west river two port area, which is a state port tianma port, specializes in domestic coastal and inland bulk cargo and domestic trade container transportation, having port production machinery supporting door crane 4 sets, the biggest hoisting capacity 45 t, container crane forklift truck, trailer, positive, tractor, lift machine and so on more than 60 sets. These devices, such as using uv radiation to the glass full seal integral, the damping noise reduction processing "safe environmental protection" cab, indoor configuration no environmental protection air-conditioning and heating, and design crane and forklift truck, trailer, tractor cabin to ensure the safety of the pilot; Make full use of ergonomics design principle, such as the driver seat can comprehensive regulation, function integration of single control handle, adjustable to drive, automatic shifting device, electronic monitoring and fault diagnosis system, again complementary with reasonable and beautiful color is tie-in, can greatly improve the driver working environment, relieve fatigue, improve operation efficiency.

Second, the use of environment-friendly materials and energy saving

1, design make use of renewable, recyclable materials and resources, reduce the consumption of resources. In the mechanical material selection, should choose recycling, easy to resolve, can regenerate and in the machining process won't produce harmful to the environment of "three wastes" material, as the mechanical parts of the material. Especially with some structure parts have to make use of the easy assembly and the decomposition of the modular design of the structure of large, and as far as possible use of non-toxic materials, improving engineering machinery materials regeneration rate.

2 in the design, make the best of the long life, low energy consumption, the design principle of the light weight. Usually come to see, to extend the service life of product is to reduce the production of machinery production and scrap amount, this undoubtedly reduces the consumption of raw materials; Reduce the energy consumption of the product is also reduce the pollution to the environment; Reduce the weight of the product of course reproduction reduced the material resources consumption. In addition, in the design to consider reducing environment load level, let design conforms to the general standard, realize the versatility mechanical components, so the design of comprehensive consideration from the specific function of design object, and the structural strength, size, material selection of standard comprehensive measures, so as to realize the energy saving goal.

3, try to consider using a low environmental protection load, and ensure that parts of the minimum disposed handling pollution, the comprehensive cost minimization of the material. In the design of mechanical manufacturing do not use freon, chlorine rubber, resin and asbestos materials. Such as the main parts of the parts should be tried to the engineering plastic or nonmetal material as far as possible in the design, the development and use of new type of environmental protection material, but also reduce the use of heavy metal. In addition, in the material choice to consider to scrap parts after the treatment process, do deal with simple, low cost, low pollution and other environmental protection requirement. The dismembered, such as broken parts simple or meet burned or recycling.

4, comprehensive public welfare benefit maximization

In my company as an example, the company is part of the tianma group s crown for a state freight port area, tianma port is the new will focus on the development of public freight port area, and the port of total about 1800 meters long and plan stage gradually construction. The land area of area of 128000 square meters, with 5000 tonnage pier berth two, 500 tons (/ a, quay line is 323 metres long, wharf apron-8.84-m depth, design in goods throughput capacity of 860000 tons, of which 100000 TEU containers. A port two of warehouse, a total of 4608 square meters; Container yard more than 50000 square meters, break-bulk yard of more than 20000 square meters, the production capacity of the mechanical equipment to of course he is a huge Numbers. So port area can be seen as a variety of mechanical densely populated areas of existence, the management of mechanical if as far as possible much choose comprehensive environmental protection equipment so to the port energy saving, cost reduction, environment effect is a most favorable measures.

Three, the reasonable design process ensure the energy

1, optimization or improving product design

(1) had mentioned in front of the design optimization, visible in general, the more simple agency, the product involves the less parts in manufacturing process to reduce energy consumption. In addition, parts of the shape of the manufacturing process for itself the energy may also be affected. So should play the role of the parts design optimization, which ensure the basic properties of the product, as far as possible simplified parts, reducing the volume, optimizing the structure of the product to reduce number of parts.

(2) according to production conditions choosing reasonable material, in front of the expression of the materials have detailed the principle of selection and implementation of purpose, here again the adaptability of the materials, namely consider practical production process different materials to the energy consumption to choose the difference of low energy consumption of materials.

2, the design process of the low energy consumption

For the same kind of parts or products, in actual production process can adopt different technology processing, but different processing technology of energy consumption is different, the design of the reasonable processing technology can reduce the volatility of the load process, namely using reasonable technology designed to let the equipment to achieve optimum operation load, try to let the equipment is full load operation, and avoid the waste of energy. So in order to ensure the production efficiency and manufacturing quality and economy, premise, reduce the energy consumption of manufacturing process.

2.1, choose the correct processing mode. In a part of the many kinds of processing manner, should choose to suit the best processing methods field equipment. For example: forging press, can be cold forging press, temperature forging press, hot forging press. One cold forging and temperature of the efficiency in the use of energy in higher than the hot forging press, but cold forging process requirement often causes harm the environment, so the temperature forging press will better than cold forging and hot forging.

2.2, choose reasonable parameters. In determining the processing mode, the right process parameters of energy saving is another important factors, such as blank shape and machining allowance, etc. Like in the diameter of the ladder is large shaft parts, can use diameter rod materials, blank, also can use precision forging a blank, but in the preparation of blank energy use but are very different, so should be taken into account, the optimized selection.

2.3, choose the energy saving of the cooling process can be. In the mechanical process generally need to use cooling fluid, so in the processing of the choice of cooling fluid technology is the energy saving of the key consideration level. In principle, should use less as far as possible or not oil cooling.

2.4, on the reasonable process design and improvement. In energy saving design, not only to the correct choice of reasonable energy saving technology, also should be arranged reasonably processing operations. For example: commonly used to port machinery in the production of cold rolled sheet, because the cold rolling process, steel plate to withstand more than seventy percent of the plastic deformation, the crystal organization extensions for fibrous, and extreme sclerosis, and therefore must be after annealing processing, can suitable for complex forming.

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