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Ancient Underwater Forest Discovered Off Norfolk Coast

Rob Spray knows the 1）North Norfolk coastline incredibly well. He and his partner， Dawn Watson， have spent years studying the coast under the water. They brought the existence of the world’s largest 2）chalk reef off the coast here to the attention of the world. Now they’ve made a new discovery.

Rob and Dawn dive off the North Norfolk coast to study reefs and marine life， and what they discovered recently 3）sent shivers down their spines.

David Whiteley （Reporter）： So you found something that said to you， this is， this is incredible.

Dawn： Yeah.

David： A bit like 4）finding a needle in a haystack.

Dawn： Well， yeah！ I was really lucky. I just clipped the very end of what we know is there now. If I’d been three or four metres to the right， we’d never have seen it at all. I’d have just come back to…it’s just sand. To start with， I actually thought it was a piece of wreck， because it was， it just looked like a piece of 5）hull. It wasn’t until I had a really close look that I realized it was actually solid wood.

David： So what did you find？

Dawn： It’s the remains of a forest， uh， probably oak trees that have been knocked flat， 6）presumably by a 7）outwash from a glacier or something， but this first part we came to was just all compressed together into a， a big solid lump of wood.

David： What has happened to， to this exposed timber since？

Rob： Well， as soon as anything so hard is exposed， animal life just rushes to it， so we have lots of little animals moving in and we’ve had…then had big animals come in and feed on them. They’d loved the， the， sort of， the material the trees were made of， and that’s the kind of thing that only happens when you get a new opportunity available for animals. They come in， they colonize， and they flourish.

This discovery actually forms part of a much bigger picture. A prehistoric land once existed right here in the North Sea. It was so vast the hunter-gatherers who lived here would have been able to walk all the way to Germany. So with every discovery， like these trees， it gives scientists more of an idea of what life would have been like on this mysterious lost land.

罗布・斯普雷对北诺福克的海岸线了如指掌。多年来，他和搭档道恩・沃森一直对海岸情况进行水下研究。就是他俩在这片海岸成功发现世界上最长的白垩礁带，引起了全世界的关注。如今，他们又带来了一个新发现。

罗布和道恩在北诺福克海岸潜水，研究礁石和海洋生物。他们被最近的发现惊得倒抽了一口凉气。

戴维・怀特利（记者）：所以你看到的东西让你意识到……这是个了不起的发现。

道恩：是的。

戴维：有点像大海捞针的感觉。

道恩：嗯，是的！我真的非常走运。我当时刚好碰到了我们这个发现物的最边上。如果我向右边偏离了三四米的话，我们就完全不会注意到它。我就会回到这里……觉得那不过是沙地罢了。刚开始时，我其实以为它是一块残骸，因为它……看上去就像是船体的一部分。直到我在近距离观察了一番，才意识到它其实是块实木。

戴维：所以你找到的是什么呢？

道恩：那是一片森林的遗迹，呃，可能是一片被放倒的橡树林，大概是被冰川之类带来的沉积物推倒的；而我们发现的只是前端部分，这些树木全都被压在一起，成了一大块坚实的木头。

戴维：在那之后，这块暴露出来的木头会发生什么变化呢？

罗布：噢，这么坚硬的东西一旦暴露出来，动物就会蜂拥而至。很多小动物会搬进去住，我们就……接着体型较大的动物就会过来捕食小动物。它们喜欢这种……树木的成分。只有在动物找到新的栖息地时才会发生这种情形。它们来到这里，它们在此定居，它们繁衍生息。

事实上，这个发现还是一项重大研究的冰山一角。过去，北海这里曾经有一块史前大陆。这片陆地是如此广阔，当地的狩猎采集者可以一路走到德国去。因此，每当有了新发现，比如这些树木，都会帮助科学家们对这片神秘的失落之地有更多的认识。

新闻词汇加油站与海洋相关的词汇

sandbank 沙丘

sandbar 沙洲

sandbeach 沙滩

beach， shore 海滩

strait 海峡

isthmus 地峡

reef 礁石

sea 海

high seas， open sea 远海，公海

ocean 大洋

inlet 小湾，入海口

cove 小湾

bay 湾（比cove大，比gulf小）

gulf 海湾

cape 海角

promontory， headland 海角，岬

cliff 悬崖

port， harbour 港

roadstead 锚地

tide 潮

wave 浪

undertow 回头浪，下层逆流

ground swell 涌浪，巨涛

tempest 风暴

waterspout 海龙卷

seaquake， tsunami 海啸