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腹横纹下小切口手术与传统手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝的对比研究

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[摘要] 目的 通过探讨腹横纹小切口手术与传统手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝的临床疗效,旨在为提高患者生活质量、减少并发症提供理论依据。 方法 选择2014年1月~2015年1月在我院接受治疗的小儿腹股沟疝患者140例,随机分为研究组和对照组两组,研究组患者应用腹横纹下小切口手术治疗,对照组患者应用传统手术治疗,对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、自主活动时间、住院时间;同时比较两种手术方式切口长度、疼痛评分、术后止痛药使用频率、切口美容指数及两组患者术后阴囊血肿、切口感染、腹胀及复发率。 结果 研究组患者手术时间为(22.12±1.02)min、术中出血量为(5.85±1.03)mL、自主活动时间为(13.84±1.10)h、住院时间为(3.04±0.61)d,研究组均显著优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P

[关键词] 腹横纹下小切口术;传统手术;腹股沟疝

[中图分类号] R726.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2015)30-0028-03

Comparative study of abdominal stripes small incision surgery and traditional surgery for inguinal hernia in children

ZHANG Jianmin

Department of General Surgery, Jingdezhen Second People's Hospital in Jiangxi Province, Jingdezhen 333000, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore abdominal stripes small incision surgery and traditional surgery for inguinal hernia clinical efficacy, aimed to provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of patient’s life and reduce complications. Methods From Jan 2014 to Jan 2015 in our hospital for treatment of 140 patients with pediatric inguinal hernia were selected, and were randomly divided into study group and the control group on average, patients in the study group were treated by abdominal stripes small incision surgery, control group were treated by traditional surgery, two groups of patients with operation time, intraoperative blood loss, independent activity time, hospitalization time, compared with two surgical incision length, pain score, postoperative analgesic use frequency, cosmetic index, statistics of two groups of patients with postoperative scrotal hematoma, wound infection, abdominal distention and recurrence rate were compared. Results The operation time of study group was(22.12±1.02) min, blood loss was(5.85±1.03) mL, independent activity time was(13.84±1.10) h, hospitalization time was(3.04±0.61) d, were significantly better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P

传统的疝囊高位结扎术创口大,患儿术后恢复慢,同时手术中显露疝环时不可避免的经过腹壁各层结构,极易对腹壁结构造成破坏[19],误伤腹股沟区神经、血管、精索血管及输精管等,对患儿造成严重损伤,引发阴囊水肿、血肿等并发症,且手术方式具有一定局限性,术中不能找到疝囊不慎撕破,无法将疝囊完整结扎,导致术后复发率较大。

现阶段随着微创技术的快速发展,腹横纹小切口手术属微创手术,手术取腹横纹切口,切开的层次较少不必打开腹股沟管,因此手术创伤小,手术时作一小切口即可充分显露提睾肌和精索,经外环口稍用力牵拉可剥离到腹膜外脂肪处,达到高位结扎的目的[20]。手术修复层次少、极大缩短了手术时间,恢复快,减轻患儿痛苦,且瘢痕小、增加美观度,损伤程度小、不易感染、手术安全性更高,同时手术无需破坏腹股沟管的完整,降低了组织损伤和阴囊血肿的发生率。

本研究通过对比分析腹横纹下小切口与传统手术方式治疗小儿腹股沟疝气的临床疗效,结果表明研究组患儿在手术时间、术中出血量、自主活动时间、住院时间、切口长度、疼痛评分、术后止痛药使用频率、切口美容指数方面均显著优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P

综上所述,应用腹横纹下小切口手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝是一种安全、高效的治疗方式,对于减少手术创伤、促进术后恢复有重要临床应用价值。

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(收稿日期:2015-07-01)