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1. ――我在这儿抽烟你介意吗?
――好,抽吧!
误:―Do you mind to smoke here?
―Yes, please.
正:―Do you mind my smoking here?
―No, please.
析:mind 在本句中意为“介意、反对”,后跟名词或动名词,不可跟不定式,也可接“sb.’s+动名词”。 本句中对方的回答是同意他抽烟,即不介意,不反对,要用 no。
2.借东西要还。
误:Return back everything you borrow.
正: Return everything you borrow.
析:return作及物动词“归还”讲时,后面不可再用back,因为return本身就相当于give back。
3.街道两边有一排排蔬菜和水果摊。
误:Vegetablesandfruitstands lined on both sides of the street.
正:Vegetablesandfruitstands linedboth sides of the street.
正:Thestreetwaslinedboth sides with vegetables and fruit stands.
析:line作“沿……排列”讲时,为及物动词,可直接跟宾语,无需加介词on。
4.她的嗓音很高。
误:She has a high sound.
正:She has a high voice.
析:voice指人说话或唱歌时发出的声音,sound泛指各种声音。
5.我不准你呆在这儿。
误:I can’t allow you staying here.
正:I can’t allow you to stay here.
析:“allow sb. to do sth.”意思是“允许某人干某事”,allow后要跟宾语加不定式构成复合宾语。
6.这些藏品开放给公众参观。
误:Thecollectionisopento public.
正:The collection is open to the public.
析:public作“公众、民众、众人”讲时,前面要加定冠词the。
7.或许今天她能来。
误:Perhaps she may come today.
正:Perhaps she will come today.
析:perhaps意思为“或许、可能、大概”,表示一种推测,相当于maybe,不可再用情态动词may。
8.你收到她的来信多长时间了?
误:How long have you received her letter?
正:How long is it since you receivedherletter?
析:receive是一个短暂性动词,因此不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
9.我愿意工作,而不愿意呆在这儿。
误:I prefer to work rather than to stay here.
正:I prefer to work rather than stay here.
析:“prefer ... rather than”意思是“宁愿……而不愿”“喜欢……而不喜欢……”的意思。prefer后要接带 to的不定式,rather than后不可接带to的不定式。
10.我建议去散步。
误:I suggested to go for a walk.
正:I suggested going for a walk.
析:suggest意为“提议、建议”,后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,也可跟that引导的宾语从句,但不可接不定式。
11.房间里除了三把椅子外还有一张书桌。
误:There is a desk in the room except three chairs.
正:There is a desk in the room besides three chairs.
析:except意为“除……外”,表示在一个整体中,除去一个或多个(人或物)以外的其他全部。besides意为“除……之外还有”,含有附加的意思,即一个整体中,强调一个或多个(人或物),还有部分(或全部)同样也……。例句中房间里桌子、椅子都有,故用besides。
12.老师鼓励我们参加写作比赛。
误:Our teacher encouraged that we took part in the writing competition.
正:Our teacher encouraged us to take part in the writing competition.
析:“encourage sb. to do sth.”意思是“鼓励某人做某事”,encourage后不可接that从句。
13.学生们一个接一个进了教室。
误:Thestudentsenterintothe classroom one by one.
正:The students enter the classroom one by one.
析:enter意思是“进入”,为及物动词,后直接跟宾语,相当于come into,再加into就多余了。
14.中国有多少人口?
误:How many population is in China?
正:What’sthepopulationof China?
正:How large is the population of China?
析:表达“……有多少人口?”时,用“What’s the population of ...?”或“How large is the population of ...?”句型,不能用many或much 修饰population。
15.她们俩身体都不好,但都工作非常努力。
误:Neither of them are in good health , but all work hard.
正:Neither of them is in good health , but both work hard.
析:neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数,all指“三者或三者以上都……”,both指“两者都……”。
16.好极了。
误:It is very excellent.
正:It is excellent.
析:excellent意思为“极好的”,相当于very good,不需再加修饰词 very。
17.澳大利亚的气温很高。
误:The temperature in Australia is very hot.
正:The temperature in Australia is very high.
析:表示温度的高低用high或 low,不能用hot或cold来表示。
18.不论何时何地我们都必须遵守法律。
误:We must observe the law whenever and wherever.
正:We must observe the law everywhere and at all times.
析:whenever和wherever都是从属连接副词,都不能单独作状语。