浅谈中考英语对词汇的考查形式

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纵观2006年全国部分省市的中考英语试题,我们发现这些试题不仅加大了词汇考查的力度,而且考查形式也是灵活多样｡下面我们以2006年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例,就中考英语对词汇考查的各种不同形式作一归纳,以帮助同学们熟悉题型,备战中考｡

[题型一] 根据语境和句意,填写单词,完成句子｡

1. He didn’t ______ the school bus this morning, because he got up late.

(长春市)

[答案与简析] 题干中的原因状语从句表明“因为他起床晚了”, 因此未能“赶上”早晨的校车,所以空白处应填表示“赶上､乘上”意义的动词 catch/take/have 等｡

2.You don’t like the stamp, and I don’t like it,______ .(贵阳市)

[答案与简析] 本题考查 too 和 either 的不同用法｡两者都有“也”的意思,但 too 用于肯定句中, either 则用于否定句中｡后一分句为否定意义,因此,空白处应填 either｡

[题型二] 根据句意及首字母提示,写出空白处所缺的单词｡

1. Swimming is one of the world’s most popular water s______.(杭州市)

[答案与简析] 本题意思表明“游泳是世界上最流行的水上运动项目之一”｡且根据“one of +可数名词的复数形式”的结构及首字母s,空白处应填表示“运动”意义的名词sport的复数形式,即 sports｡

2. Hangzhou is f______ for the West Lake.(杭州市)

[答案与简析] 众所周知,杭州以西湖而闻名｡而英语中以字母f开头､表示“闻名的”之意且能与介词for 搭配使用的形容词只有 famous,因此,空白处应填 famous｡

3. Do you want to p______ basketball with us?(杭州市)

[答案与简析] 由本题的意思可知,空白处应填表示“打(篮球)”意思的动词,而英语中常与表示球类的名词搭配､且首字母为p的动词则是 play, to 为动词不定式符号,其后跟动词原形,因此,空白处应填 play｡

[题型三] 根据句意及所给汉语提示,写出空白处所缺的单词

1. He didn’t succeed until he tried the______ (十二)time.(河北省)

[答案与简析] 十二之前有定冠词 the,其后应用序数词,表示“第几(次)”,故空白处应填 twelfth｡

2. We______ (躺) on the beach all day yesterday to enjoy sunshine.

(肇庆市)

[答案与简析] 句中的时间状语 all day yesterday 表明谓语动词应用“lie(躺)”的过去式,故空白处应填 lay｡

[题型四] 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空｡

1. Must women be good at______ (wash) dishes?(昆明市)

[答案与简析] be good at 后面接动名词(短语)作宾语,因此,空白处应填 washing｡

2. I would rather______ (stay) at home than go shopping with you.

(南京市)

[答案与简析] would rather do sth than do sth else 意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”,因此,空白处应填动词原形 stay｡

3. Sports and art activities make our school life______ (color).(云南省)

[答案与简析] 使役动词 make 后面可以接形容词作宾语补足语,因此,空白处应填形容词 colorful｡

[题型五] 从A､B､C､D中选择能够替代句中划线部分的词或短语｡

1. ―Could you help me take these new books to the classroom?

―OK. I’ll do it right now.

A. at the moment B. at that moment

C. a moment ago D. in a moment(黄冈市)

[答案与简析] right now 意为“立即”､“马上”,与 in a moment 同义｡而 at the moment 意为“此刻”､“目前”, at that moment 意为“在那时”, a moment ago 意为“片刻之前”,故答案为D｡

2. I hope you will have fun during your visit to Paris.

A. get bored B. be funny C. have a good time(成都市)

[答案与简析] have fun 意为“玩得高兴､开心”,与 have a good time 同义｡而 get bored 意为“厌烦”; be funny意为“滑稽”､“有趣”,故答案为C｡

[题型六] 根据句意和所给音标,从A､B､C､D中选出一个适当的单词｡

1. ―What are these in the picture?

―______/ðei/ are apples and bananas.

A. Three B. Their C. They D. There(济南市)

[答案与简析] 从所给音标我们可知,四个单词中只有They 符合这个读音,而且能在句中作主语,故答案为C｡

2. Peter and Jim______/liv/ next to me. We often play together.

A. leave B. life C. lift D. live(济南市)

[答案与简析] 根据所给音标和题干句意可知,答案应为D｡

[题型七] 根据语境和句意,从括号内选择合适的词填空｡

1.______I caught the first bus and got to school on time.(Luck, Lucky, Luckily)(贵阳市)

[答案与简析] 由句意可知,空白处应填表示“幸运地”意思的副词,用作状语,修饰整个句子｡故空白处应填副词 Luckily｡

2. Children always have great fun______Disneyland Park.(visiting, visits, visit)(贵阳市)

[答案与简析] 本题考查非谓语动词的用法｡因为句中不缺谓语动词,而 children 与 visit 之间是主谓关系,故空白处应填 visiting｡