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“It is+adj.+of/for...+to-infinitive”句型解读

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①It is thoughtful of Andy to play his CDs for us.

②It is clever of Amy to make the birthday cards.

同学们明白上述两个句子的意思吗?这可是在牛津9A Unit1中所学过的句型哟!这两个句子均使用了一个很重要的句型:“It is + adj. +of... +to-infinitive”。下面就该句型的用法特点阐述如下:

[个性展示]

“It is + adj. +of...+(not)to-infinitive”句型是中考命题热点之一,通常用来表示人的内在品质,常用形容词通常有:clever, kind, generous, good, thoughtful, silly等。如:

It is very kind of you to help me with my English. 你帮助我学英语,真是太好了!

It’s wrong of you not to send her an e-mail. 你不给她发封电子邮件,是错误的。

[相似句型]

牛津8B Unit6中还学过与上述句型相似的一个句型,即“It is + adj. + for... + to-infinitive”,该句型中的形容词不表示人的内在品质,通常表示客观情况,即表示 to-infinitive的情况特征。如:

It’s important for us to keep the water clean.对我们而言,保持水清洁是重要的。

It was impossible for him to finish the homework in an hour. 对他来说,在一小时内完成家庭作业是不可能的。

[比较鉴别]

在实际运用过程中,是用of...to-infinitive还是用for...to-infinitive呢?请看:

1. of...to-infinitive 做主语时,只能接形容词作表语;for...to-infinitive在句中做主语时,其表语可以是形容词也可以是名词。如:

It was too foolish of you to do so. 你那么做真是太愚蠢了。

It is impossible for you to get there in such a short time. 你在这么短的时间内到达那儿是不可能的。

It will be a mistake for you to miss the chance.你错过那个机会将是个错误。

2. 在of...to-infinitive结构中,of后面的名词或代词与前面的形容词(kind, clever,foolish,selfish,polite,right,wrong,careful等)有逻辑上的主表关系;而for...to-infinitive结构中,for后面的名词或代词与前面的形容词(easy,hard,difficult,possible,necessary,important,heavy等)没有逻辑上的主表关系。如:

It is kind of you to lend me so much money. 你心肠真好,借给我这么多钱。

It is hard for you to translate the sentence into English. 把这个句子翻译成英语对你来说是有困难的。

3. 有些形容词(如nice, right, wrong, good, wise等)既可用于of...to-infinitive结构,也可用于for...to-infinitive结构。但两者强调的重点不同,意义也有区别。试比较:

It is wise of them to turn down the suggestion. 他们很明智,拒绝了这个建议。(强调“他们”是明智的)

It is wise for them to turn down the suggestion. 他们拒绝这个建议是明智的。(强调“拒绝建议”这一行为是明智的)

【链接中考】

1. It’s very nice ______ you to give me the chance.(2005年天津)

A. ofB. for

C. toD. at

解析:you与nice可构成逻辑上的主表关系,即You’re nice,且符合“of...+to-infinitive”句型表示人的内在品质这一条件,所以答案选A。

2. It’s important ______ the piano well.(2006年天津)

A. of him to play

B. for him to play

C. of him playing

D. for him playing

解析:him与important不可构成逻辑上的主表关系,且符合“for…+to-infinitive”句型结构,用以表示客观情况,所以答案选B.

【练一练】

()1. It is very kind ______ you to help me water the flowers.

A. ofB. toC. forD. on

()2. It’s important ______ you to learn English very well.

A. ofB. onC. toD. for

()3. It’s stupid of you ______ think you are always right.

A. forB. inC. toD. by

()4. It is very difficult ______ the girl ______ out the problem.

A. to;work B. of;to work

C. for;to work D. with;working

()5. ______ is generous of David to lend me his bike.

A. ThereB. ItC. HereD. He

Keys: ADCCB