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[摘要] 目的 探讨影响正常肝脏体素内不相干运动各参数值的因素。 方法 使用GE 3.0T MR扫描仪对30例健康志愿者的肝脏进行多b值扩散加权成像,测量不同b值下左、右肝组织的ADC值变化;同时测量左右肝灌注相关快速ADC值(ADCfast)、扩散相关慢速ADC值(ADCslow)和双指数灌注分数(f)并作对比分析。 结果 左、右肝组织的ADC值随着b值的增大而下降,且在同一b值下左肝高于右肝;左肝所测ADCfast和f值[ADCfast (6.43±1.64)×10-3 mm2/s;f:0.51±0.12]均较右侧高[ADCfast(5.59±1.45)×10-3 mm2/s;f:0.39±0.07],差异均有统计学意义(P
[关键词] 磁共振成像;体素内不相干运动;肝脏;表观扩散系数
[中图分类号] R445.2;R575.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)15-0001-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the factors influencing the parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion in normal liver. Methods Multi b-value diffusion weighted imaging was performed on the liver of 30 healthy volunteers using the GE 3.0T MR scanner. The ADC values of the left and right liver tissues at different b values were measured. The perfusion-related fast ADC (ADCfast), diffusion-related slow ADC values (ADCslow) and double exponential perfusion scores (f) were measured and comparatively analyzed at the same time. Results ADC values of left and right liver tissues decreased with the increase of b value, and the ADC values of left liver was higher than that of right liver under the same b value. The ADCfast and f values[ADCfast(6.43±1.64)×10-3 mm2/s; f:0.51±0.12] of the left liver were higher than those in the right liver[ADCfast (5.59±1.45)×10-3 mm2/s; f: 0.39±0.07], and the difference was statistically significant(P
[Key words] Magnetic resonance imaging; Intravoxel incoherent motion; Liver; Apparent diffusion coefficient
磁共振U散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging,DWI)是唯一能在活体检测组织内水分子扩散运动的影像检查技术,能在宏观上反映活体组织水分子微观扩散运动,DWI前期主要应用于神经系统影像学诊断并显示出巨大的临床应用价值[1-3],近年来DWI对肝脏病变的诊断价值受到广泛关注,扩散加权成像中的表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值能做到对扩散运动定量,可准确反映组织的空间构成及其内部水分子的扩散状态,对病灶性质的判定提供重要信息,如恶性病灶ADC值较低,良性病灶ADC值较高,纤维化肝脏ADC值相对正常肝脏明显降低等[4-7];ADC值同时能反映水分子扩散运动和组织微循环血流灌注状况,组织的血流灌注状况变化同样也会影响ADC值反映扩散运动的真实性;体素内不相干运动成像(intravoxel incoherent motin imaging,IVIM)技术利用了多b值扩散技术,提供了可以区分扩散与灌注的理论基础[8-9]。本研究目的是寻找正常肝脏IVIM图像中测量位置和b值不同对IVIM各参数结果的影响以及由此引起的ADC值变化规律。
本研究通过测量发现左肝的ADCfast和f值均明显高于右侧,而左肝ADCslow值与右侧相比,差异无统计学意义,这与陈世林等[23]报道的结果稍有差异,他们的结果显示左肝ADCslow明显高于右侧,而ADCfast差异较小。究其原因可能与设备及b值设置的不同相关,陈世林等[23]采用的是飞利浦1.5T磁共振仪,共11个b值,最大b值为800 s/mm2,而本研究采用的是GE公司3.0T磁共振仪,共设置了16个b值,最大b值为2000 s/mm2,其中200 s/mm2及以下和大于200 s/mm2各8个,IVIM三个参数值不同程度高于右侧的原因可能亦与心脏搏动导致的失相位相关[13]。
不足的是本研究采集的数据均来自健康志愿者,缺乏对肝脏不同疾病下左右肝各参数值变化规律的研究。鲁果果等[24]研究认为肝脏恶性病变的ADCfast和ADCslow值均明显大于良性肿瘤病变,f值无统计学意义,但他们并没有对肝脏病变的解剖位置作分析说明,本研究认为亦有进一步分析的必要。
总之,正常肝脏组织所测得ADC值和受左右肝位置差异和b值大小的影响;ADCslow值和高b值所测ADC值受左右肝位置的影响相对要小,且反映的是组织真正的扩散运动,建议可在临床工作中使用。
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