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【摘要】 目的:评价以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,pbl)联合高级综合模拟人(emergency care simulator,ECS)在心内科临床教学中的效果,进而探讨心内科临床教学的新方法。方法:68例来自南京医科大学五年制临床专业的学生随机分为实验组及对照组。实验组采用PBL联合ECS教学模式,对照组采用传统教学模式(lecture based learning,LBL),比较分析两组的教学效果。结果:对照组和PBL联合ECS教学组在基础理论成绩方面差异无统计学意义,实验组在病历分析,临床思维能力,急救意识等方面的能力明显优于传统教学组。结论:采用PBL教学法联合ecs进行心内科临床教学,有利于培养学生的临床思维能力和创新精神,显著促进了教学质量的提高。
【关键词】 PBL教学; 模拟教学; 心血管临床; 高级综合模拟人
Exploration and Practice of Problem-based Learning Combined with Emergency Care Simulator (ECS) in Cardiology Medicine Clinical Teaching/ZHANG Hai-yan, LONG Ming-zhi, SUN Chu-qiao.// Medical Innovation of China,2012,9(28):078-080
【Abtract】 Objective:To evaluate the teaching effects of problem-based learning(PBL) combined with emergency care simulator(ECS) in Cardiology medicine clinical teaching. Method:68 medical students were randomly divided into 2 equal groups, control group receiving lecture based learning (LBL),and the other group receiving PBL with ECS training.The teaching effects of two groups were compared. Result:There were no significant differences in the scores of basic theoretic knowledge between the 2 groups(P>0.05).The score of PBL with ECS group was higher than that of the control group in case analysis and various clinical abilities such as emergency awareness,ability of clinical thinking,team spirit and cooperative effort and learning interests.Conclusion: Using ECS combined with PBL is in favor of training of clinical thinking ability and bringing new ideas .It can improve teaching quality significantly in Cardiology clinical teaching.
【Key words】 Problem-based learning; Simulate education; Cardiology medicine clinical teaching; Emergency care simulator
First-author’s address: Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210011,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2012.28.048
PBL即以问题为导向的教学方法,是基于现实世界的以学生为中心的教育方式,目前成为国际上较流行的一种教学方法,国内外不少院校也在尝试使用,已显现出良好的效果[1-3]。ECS为本院引进的高端智能模拟系统,可以模拟仿真医疗场景,逼真地展现临床环境下的诊疗过程及救治效果,为学生创造一种交互式情景教学和实践的机会。笔者旨在评价以问题为基础的教学法联合高级综合模拟人在心内科临床教学的效果,探讨心血管教学的新方法。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 68例南京医科大学临床医学专业五年制学生,其中男28例,女40例,年龄21~23岁,平均22.3岁,随机分为两组,每组34例。对照组采用传统教学法,实验组在PBL教学法的基础上采用天堰公司生产的ECS训练系统进行临床病例实习。两组学生在年龄、性别、学制年限、教学课程、学时及内科理论课成绩方面经检验,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 教学方法 对照组采用传统的理论结合床边教学查房方法进行培训,实验组采用高端模拟人联合PBL教学法进行仿真模拟训练,具体培训程序如下[4]。
1.2.1 设计临床案例,制定目标 以心脏骤停和急性左心衰竭抢救为教学病例,运用本院新引进的ECS高端模拟系统,拟定模拟情境,设置相应的参数,事先提出问题和学习目标,使学生对学习目标有清晰的了解,其内容涵盖诊断、治疗、综合急救等三个主要培训方面,以激发学生的学习兴趣,启发学生的临床思维,培养实际动手能力。