Research on Reading strategies in English Learning
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【Abstract】 Language teaching researchers have been carrying out researches into the cultivation of English reading strategies， both in China and abroad. The researcher conducted a series of researches on english reading strategies， in order to apply it in English teaching and learning ， as well as improve the students' reading ability.
【Key Words】 Reading strategy， reading ability， English learning
【摘要】读是语言学习中的重要活动。国内外学者一直对如何培养学习者的阅读策略进行研究。这使得对阅读策略的研究也越来越重要。文章作者对英语阅读策略进行了一些探究，以期把这些阅读策略运用到英语教学中以提高学习者的阅读能力。
【关键词】阅读策略；阅读能力；英语学习
1.Nature of Reading
Reading is the primary means for independent learning， whether the goal is performing better on tasks， learning more about subject matter， or improving language abilities. Smith （1978， P.81） says， "Reading is an active problem-solving-process". The eyes receive messages and the brain then has to work out the significance of these messages." The reading transaction involves the reader's acting on or interpreting the text， and the interpretation is influenced by the reader's past experiences， language background， learning strategies， and cultural framework， as well as the reader's purpose for reading" （ Hudelson， 1994， cited in Nunan）. Generally speaking， reading is a complex skill --- as demonstrated by the definition of reading， the abilities of readers， the strategy use of learners and the many purposes for which we read. Therefore， reading strategies should be conducted by the teachers in teaching in order to improve students' reading ability.
2.Classifications of Reading Strategies
Over the years， numerous strategies to teaching reading have appeared. The researcher believes that these strategies are not just teaching reading； rather， they are guiding and assisting learners to develop as independent readers， writers， and learners.
（1）Bottom-up Strategy
In bottom-up processing， the readers build up a meaning from the black marks on the page： recognizing letters and words， working out sentence structure. They can make conscious use of it when an initial reading leaves them confused. For example， sometimes if readers cannot believe that the apparent message was really what the writer intended； this can happen if their world knowledge is inadequate， or if the writer's point of view is very different from their own. In that case， the readers must scrutinize the vocabulary and syntax to make sure they have grasped the plain sense correctly. Thus bottom-up processing can be used as a corrective to 'tunnel vision' （ seeing things only form readers' limited point of view）.