ChineseNewYear

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Chinese New Year is the most important and longest holiday in China. Chinese will begin celebrating on the New Year’s Eve and the celebrations will last for 15 days.

The Origin1

Chinese New Year is the first day of the lunar calendar2， so it is also called the Lunar New Year. And it is also referred to as the Spring Festival since it is the beginning of the Spring term， which is the first term of the 24 terms on the lunar calendar.

It was recorded that Chinese started to celebrate Chinese New Year from about 2000 BC， though the celebrations were held on different times under different emperors. They started to celebrate Chinese New Year on the first day of the lunar calendar based on Emperor Wu Di’s almanac3 of the Han Dynasty.

Legend says the celebrations of Chinese New Year may be related to a beast known as Nian. The beast Nian came out to eat people on new years until an old man found a way to conquer it. Then people started to observe and celebrate Chinese New Year. The word “Nian” now has the same meaning as Chinese New Year， which is used as commonly as Chinese New Year. And people often use the term “Guo Nian”， which may originally mean “passed or survived the Nian”. Now everyone loves Guo Nian.

The twelve years of animals

The lunar calendar is represented by twelve animals. Each year is represented by one animal. The 12 animals in order are： rat， ox， tiger， rabbit， dragon， snake， horse， ram， monkey， rooster， dog and pig. Chinese zodiac4 is also based on the 12 animals.

Things Chinese Do

Here is a list of things or traditions Chinese may do around Chinese New Year.

1. Preparation

Usually the preparation starts a month before the new year. The preparation includes thoroughly cleaning and decorating the house， buying new clothes， preparing enough food for at least two weeks. The decorations are highly symbolic with a lot of lucky words， printed paintings and red colors everywhere. Kids are busy in shopping for different kinds of firecrackers5. Everyone gets a haircut before the new year. So everything and everyone looks new and fresh on the new year.

2. New Year’s Eve

The New Year’s Eve is the time for families. The New Year Eve’s dinner is the biggest dinner of the year， much like Thanksgiving dinner. The dinner is full of symbolic meanings， such as Chinese dumplings implying wealth since they have the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots6. Everyone， even kids， drinks a little Jiu （usually hard liquor）， which symbolizes longevity7 since Jiu has the same pronunciation as longevity in Chinese. Then the family chats while watching national TV shows or listening to radio together until the coming of the new year. In China， the national TV shows have been prepared for a few months by a group of famous entertainers.

3. Firecrackers

Firecrackers are set off as soon as the new year arrives. You can hear or see firecrackers everywhere and this usually lasts for a few hours. Some people will continue to play firecrackers occasionally throughout the first half of the first month. Traditionally fireworks are the sign of getting rid of the old and welcoming the new. Fireworks are now banned in some places of China， so this tradition is history.

4. Red Packets

Giving Hongbao or red packets during Chinese New Year is another tradition. A red packet is simply a red envelope with money in it， which symbolizes luck and wealth. Red packets are typically handed out to younger generation by their parents， grandparents， relatives and even close neighbors and friends.

5. New Year Greetings

Chinese New Year is also the time for socializing. People usually wear new clothes and go out to visit and greet their relatives and friends， so the streets are filled with a lot of cheerful people. The greetings and visitings can go on for a few days.

6. Dragon and Lion Dancing

Dragon and lion dancing is another tradition of Chinese New Year.

Lantern Festival

Lantern Festival or Yuanxiao Festival is on the 15th of the first month of Chinese New Year， which marks the end of the New Year celebrations. Chinese celebrate the first full moon of the year on this day. It is the time for family reunion again. Yuanxiao is also a kind of cake， which looks like a table tennis ball （a little smaller） made of sticky rice with sweet stuffing inside. Everyone eats a few on Lantern Festival， which symbolizes family will stick together.