Study on the Visual Design for Landscape Boundary of Bus Rapid Transit A Case St

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Abstract. The study on visual design for landscape boundary of urban roads mainly targets at the disharmonious problems occurred in the urban road interface design practice, thus to guide the visual design for the landscape boundary of urban roads better. The landscape visual design for different regions of the BRT road interface of Wuhan Chuxiong Avenue is discussed with step-by-step decomposing design by starting from the landscape construction element of urban roads, thus to optimize the urban road landscape in this region effectively, build people’s overall impression on the city and enhance the citizen’s sense of belonging to the city.

Key words: urban road, landscape boundary, visual design.

1. Summary of the landscape boundary of urban road

Road is the most representative public space environmentin city. Just like blood vessels in human body, it runs through the whole city. People’s overall impression on the city is an intuitive feeling created by the collocation and combination of each interface of the road. The road interface is closely related to the urban image, economic culture, geographic feature, historical context and lives of residents. China’s urban modernization processaccelerates, especially the construction of rapid transit system in large cities and megalopolis. The landscape construction of urban rapid road interface is one of the significant parts. During the construction process, a lot of things neglected in the past are now being valued. However, there are still certain problems in the understandings about features of urban rapid transit, as well as the systematic revealing of the overall effect. The road interface is a landscape vision system that requires overall considerations, and a further understanding about the road features and city features should be gained for establishing the visual landscape of the entire city. Therefore, the study on the landscape of urban rapid road turns to be quite significant.

The interface in physical sense not simply refers to a geometric interface, and it also refers to a thin layer. The surface (interface) of such boundary has different special natures from the bases on two sides. The landscape of the urban road interface is an integrated system with spatial relationship, layer and infection, containing two sub-systems, including the ‘objects’, namely various elements of superficial materialization of road structure, and ‘human’, namely the deep spiritual experience of the road user, representing the relationship between ‘object’ and ‘object’, ‘object’ and ‘human’, as well as ‘human’ and ‘object’. At first, ‘human’ demands should be clarified, namely the physiological and spiritual demands. The ‘object’ as the object shall be realized by ‘human’ as the subject. The landscape of urban road interface shall be judged by both the subject material image and subjective feeling of human. Therefore, the linear landscape interface design of urban roads should consider various demands comprehensively. In this paper, the relationship between interface and human is explored from the perspective of visual landscape art. Studies on the relevant cases of the landscape interface design of urban roads are conducted for Wuhan Xiongchu Avenue BRT, hoping to perfect the problems confronted by the linear landscape design of urban roads.

2. Design analysis of the landscape boundary of Chuxiong Avenue BRT (bus rapid transit)

Xiongchu Avenue is located in Hongshan district of Wuhan. The whole project is about 6903 meters in length, and the width of red line is 50 to 60 meters. The start point of the BRT is Jing’an Road, while the final point is Jiayuan Road. Recently, one BRT mainline and 31 BRT auxiliary lines are set. The mainline starts from the East Square of Wuchang Railway Station in the west and ends at Liufang Railway Station in the east, about 13.6 km in length. As the first BRT in Wuhan, it is mainly built for alleviating the traffic pressure, creating the visual landscape of urban roadsand displaying the unique regional nature and culture aesthetics. This time, the analysis research method of linear landscape interface is employed for conducting further studies on the overall road interface.

As the main traffic artery running through the significant functional region of Wuchang, Chuxiong Avenue is the landscape node connecting the linear landscape road from the east to the west, as well as the main stem connecting the old and new city zone. The systematic research of the road interface can divide the road interface and standardize the transmission of traffic information, which makes it convenient for citizens to learn about the traffic information clearly, and improves the smoothness of traffic. The systematic research of the road interface will make the urban color much more abundant, improve the visual landscape and enhance the urban bright spot.

Interface is the material substance restricting the construction space, and the spatial nature is determined by the nature of interface to a large extent. Chuxiong Avenue BRT bus rapid transit employs the most advanced public transport vehicles and high-quality service facilities in the world, which mainly realize the convenient, accurate, comfortable and secure service through the special road space. Therefore, the division of road spatial interface is also extremely strict. In order to distinguish different functional interfaces, it will be divided into the following several interfaces for study.

2.1 Spatial interface of motorway

The motorway of Xiongchu Avenue consists of six-lane viaduct motorway, three under-bridge lanes on each side, as well as two or three bus transit lanes between the bridge piers. By setting complete time period, totally closed and diversified bus transit lane, it can improve the operational speed, timeliness and security. The advanced vehicles: high-capacity, high-performance, low-emission and comfortable bus can guarantee the high-capacity, comfortable, convenient and intelligent service. The spatial interface focus of the motorway directly displays the overall effect with the visual form of station. The dedicated station of the entire rapid road employs the coordination of standard stations and special stations, seeking for rhythm changes from the unified style. The standard BRT platform is a simple inclined form, as the inclined deformation of the bullet train head end. The design is simple and lively, with modern design style, in which the lines are quite dynamic and speedy-feeling. The modeling of standard platform endows people with a sense of elevation, modern sense, speed sense, extension and scientific sense, which reflects the tension of life and vigor of youth, as well the convenience of BRT. The combination of contemporary materials, for instance, the cross piercing metal aluminum sheet has high filterableness and permeability, making the construction in the design like the skin of human, with breath, touch but soft. The external surface is covered by grey with strong sense of technology, which is applicable for diversified color matching, and integrating the surrounding environment, full of tolerance. The bright-colored green is painted on the bottom of the platform, giving people a brilliant comfortableness, and meanwhile, it also stands for the idea of BRT, namely green and environmentally friendly, and low-carbon travel. The combination of grey and green reflects a color rhythm of dynamic and static combination.

2.2 Cross-street interface

The study on the ground street-crossing interface mainly adopts the overpass as the subject. According to different regional cultural features, different measures will be applied in the form and color design of overpass. The station at Jing’an Road of BRT project is dominated by red, standing for the spiritual connotation of the red revolution. The study on the street-crossing interface is one part of the overall road system, but it is quite significant, for it not only stands for the regional culture, but also becomes a landscape bright spot in the ground street-crossing interface. The design of standard platform gives full play to the line of beauty. The soft curves endow the varying shape, and create the boring overpass into a 3D landscape sculpture. The simple lines combination forms the abstracted beauty. The grey color of the standard overpass is integrated into the environment, while the internal green is clean and nature, which will reflect the concept of youth, environmental protection and low-carbon travel on BRT of Xionchu Avenue.

The study on the underground street-crossing interface shall pay attention to the regionalism. The design should be adjusted according to the circumstances. Try to maintain the cultural trace on the original sites to highlight the culture, strengthen the cultural connotation of the road landscape, thus to strengthen the design of underground street-crossing interface. The underground street-crossing interface of BRT project mainly gathers in areas with various colleges and universities. Therefore, the design is mainly dominated by the reflection of campus culture, being people-oriented and satisfying people’s visual demands and requirements on basic functions. Strategically, theme and living wall painting is designed on the wall. The transparent art lighting, the pavement with guide function, allocation of color and materials is used to represent the mainstream culture. With the interface as the carrier, it will satisfy the spiritual demands of specific group in specific regions.

2.3 Sidewalk interface

The contents included in the sidewalk interface impress people most. The main public facilities and road pavement strengthens the functions of different regions with different colors and materials. In the design of sidewalk interface, it inherits the unified design style of the road in color, but strengthens the functions of different sections by allocating and integrating the hue and brightness of color. Aiming at the regional road surface, shifting region road surface, barrier-free road surface, sideway road surface, etc. a unified simple style is applied for governing the implied information in details. About one-meter scope will be expanded from the motorway to the sidewalk for the integrated management of public facilities, and integration of functions, thus to apply it complexly and to reduce the visual impact. The monographic study on the vision interface of BRT project is divided into three levels of vision systems. The study on road interface from the perspective of visual science will solve the existing visual problems in the urban road space, and pass the guiding information, cultural information, cyclic information, etc. to the passerby effectively, thus to enrich the spatial visual effect, and increase the function and value of visual guiding interface in public space.

3. Function and significance of the road landscape interface design

The landscape design of urban rapid road takes up an indispensable part in the urbanization process, and it connects each part of the city. Meanwhile the spatial organization of urban roads will directly influence the spatial form and urban landscape. As a result, it is a significant carrier of urban landscape. The construction of XiongchuAvenue has the functionalrequirements of social value orientation, and the entire BRT avenue selects three representative stations as the special stop. Especially, the Jing’an Stop, China Normal University Stop, Optical Valley Stop, from Shouyi Historical culture region (Jing’an Road), crossing the campus culture region (namely China Normal University), to the emerging scientific culture region (optical valley). It turns to be the connection between the old and new city zone, which will drive the development of the old city zone (Shouyi Cultural Zone), and transmit the advanced cultural concepts, which may make it convenient for students and other passengers to further understand the historical culture of Wuhan. Xiongchu Avenue BRT construction aims to be diversified and representative, with operability. The construction of the first BRT in Wuhan will become a brightscenery line in the city.

The BRT project just considers the culture from the landscape interface of urban roads, explores the traditional urban culture, and extracts refine visual symbols, which will make the urban road equipped with artistic nature, and unique local feature, and turn the city to be more closed with local sense and historical sense, thus to expand new visual culture and humanistic spirit space. The project mainly studies the interface design of urban road landscape from the visual perspective, with the design concept of combinationbetween functions and aesthetics, so that the formal beauty and spiritual connotation can be reflected in the visual design of road interface. The study on the BRT landscape interface will provide a new reference for the landscape design of urban road in the future.

References

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