高考短文改错中正确拼写单词
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在短文改错中，许多时候同学们找到了错误所在，但是由于改不对而得不了分数。而改不对的原因往往是写不对单词。现把短文改错中这类问题加以总结，希望对同学们有所帮助。
1.形容词变为副词的正确书写规律
（1）I rang up the company and I was given the job immediate.
（2）Unfortunate， he didn’t get there on time， so he lost the chance.
（3）Lucky， he got there on time.
（4）He was terrible injured.
（5）He was reading the novel careful.
答案：（1）immediately
（2）Unfortunately
（3）Luckily
（4）terribly
（5）carefully
错误写法：immediatly， unfortunatly， luckyly， terriblely， carefuly
1.此类单词的书写规律：
①直接加ly： fortunate ― fortunately， unfortunate ― unfortunately， immediate ― immediately
complete ― completely， entire ― entirely， extreme ― extremely
②去e加ly： true―truly（高中只有这一个，其余以e结尾的词都直接加ly）
③变y为i加ly： happy ― happily， lucky ― luckily
④以ble和ple结尾的形容词，变e为y成为副词：
terrible ― terribly， possible ― possibly， impossible ― impossibly， probable ― probably，
horrible ― horribly，comfortable ― comfortably，sensible ― sensibly ，simple ― simply
⑤以ful结尾的形容词变为副词+ly
wonderful ― wonderfully，careful ― carefully
2.基数词与序数词的正确表达
Yesterday， it was John’s twenty birthday and we celebrated it for him.
答案：twenty ― twentieth
基数词变为序数词的变化规律：以y结尾的词变y为ie+th：
thirty ― thirtieth， forty ― fortieth， fifty ― fiftieth， sixty ― sixtieth等
以ve结尾的词ve变f+th
twelve ― twelfth， five ― fifth
3.名词的复数的正确变形
（1）I was lucky enough to be one of the students from different country to visit the UK from Feb.16 to 28.
（2）There are a lot of family where the parents can speak more than one language.
（3）They have more toy than me.
答案：（1）country ― countries
（2） family ― families
（3）toy ― toys
辅音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数，把y变i加es
元音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数，直接加s.
4.规则动词的过去式的正确形式
（1）Last night， I study until 12 o’clock.
（2）Suddenly， a good idea occurs to me when I heard his words.
答案：（1）studied
（2）occurred
规则：①辅音字母+ y结尾的动词变过去式，把y变i加ed
元音字母+ y结尾的动词变过去式，直接加ed
如：study ― studied， destroy ― destroyed
②以r结尾的动词双写最后r加ed： 高中阶段只有
infer ― inferred，occur ― occurred，prefer ― preferred，refer ― referred
5.注意区别形似的词
（1）We played hardly until 3 o’clock， when we were too hungry.
（2）About two hours late， we finally arrived at a pleasant park with trees and flowers here and there.
（3）Beside， teachers should encourage their students to make good use of their spare time.
答案：（1）hard
（2）later
（3）Besides
类似的词还有：
hard adj.困难的；硬的；有力的；努力的adv.努力地；猛力地；严重地；沉重地， 如：
work hard.play hard，study hard
late adj.迟的，晚的 adv.晚地
later adv.后来
latter adv.后者
beside adv.在……旁边
besides除……之外还
6.区别词性
1）以y结尾的是形容词，去掉y变成名词
health（n.） ― healthy（adj） wealth（n） ― wealthy（adj） luck（n） ― lucky（adj）
2）以y结尾的是名词，去掉y变成形容词
difficulty（n） ― difficlult（adj）
3）以t结尾的是形容词，把t变成ce则为名词
different ― difference convenient ― convenience important ― importance
independent ― independence confident ― confidence
4）一般以ly结尾的为副词，但以下单词均为形容词，要牢记
friendly， lovely， likely， lively， daily， monthly， weekly， yearly， elderly.
5）正确书写名词形式
To his happy， he got there on time. （happy―happiness）
To my mother’s excite， I got the first prize. （excite―excitement）
常见+ment变为名词的：disappointment， amazement， astonishment. argument（去e+ment，高中只有这一个）
变y为i+ness， 或直接+ness：happy（happiness）， sad（sadness）
改错练习：
1） Cell phones are part of modern life and if we use them sensible， we should be allowed to carry them to school.
2） I simple nodded to her and went on with my work.
3） This is what I discovered： just because a subject is difficulty to learn， it doesn’t mean you are not good at it.
4） Lucky， someone found her. Otherwise， she wouldn’t probable get there.
5） We should pay attention to our healthy as it is of great important.
答案：
1）sensibly 2）simply 3）difficult 4）Luckily， probably 5）health， importance