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关节腔注射用雷公藤甲素微球的制备与毒性评价

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[摘要]目的 评价关节注射用雷公藤甲素微球的质量和毒性。方法 采用乳化溶剂挥发法制备雷公藤甲素微球,透射电镜观察微球表面形态和大小,红外光谱仪考察微球形成情况,马尔文粒度仪测定微球粒度分布,HPLC测定包封率、载药量,数学模型拟合微球体外释放规律,血液学参数和生化指标评价微球毒性。结果 微球形态圆整,大小均一,平均粒径、包封率和载药量分别为4.75 μm、(74.37±2.30)%、(1.53±0.27)%,微球释放更符合Ritger-Peppas方程,与空白对照组相比,各项血液学参数和生化指标未发生明显改变。结论 雷公藤甲素微球可以作为关节腔注射用缓释制剂的新型制剂。

[关键词]雷公藤甲素;微球;毒性;关节腔注射

[中图分类号] R943 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)10(c)-0004-05

[Abstract]Objective To evaluate the quality and toxicity of triptolide microspheres for intra-articular injection.Methods Triptolide microspheres was prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method.Surface morphology and size of microspheres were observed by transmission electron microscope.The formation of microspheres was investigated with infrared spectrometer.Entrapment efficiency and drug loading was determined by HPLC.The release of microspheres in vitro was fitted by mathematical model.The toxicity of microspheres was evaluated using hematological parameters and biochemical indexes.Results The microspheres were spherical in shape with uniform size.The mean diameter,encapsulation efficiency and drug loading was 4.75 μm,(74.37±2.30)% and (1.53±0.27)% respectively.The release of microspheres was fit for Ritger-Peppas equation.There were no significant differences of blood test between microspheres and control group.Conclusion Triptolide microspheres might be used as a new preparation for intra-articular injection.

[Key words] Triptolide;Microspheres;Toxicity;Intra-articular injection

类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种发病率高、致残率高、严重影响患者生活质量的慢性全身性自身免疫性疾病,常出现一个或几个关节尤其是负重大关节反复肿胀、积液,因此,针对RA的局部关节靶向治疗[1-3]具有重要的临床意义。目前,关节腔内注射是局部靶向治疗RA最有效的给药途径,它将药物直接输送至受累关节,避免或减轻全身副作用,延长药物在关节内的维持时间,以较小剂量发挥最大药效。雷公藤甲素(triptolide,TPL),又叫雷公藤内酯醇,是卫矛科植物雷公藤的主要活性成分之一。基于TPL疗效好但毒副作用大的特点,本文设计了TPL微球,即以TPL为模型药物,以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(poly lactic-co-glycolic acid,PLGA)为载体材料,制成关节腔内注射用缓释微球,以达到局部靶向于病变关节,延缓药物释放、减少给药次数、减少全身副作用、增加治疗效果和患者顺应性的目的。

1材料与方法

1.1药品与试剂

雷公藤甲素(纯度99.8%,中国食品药品检定研究院,201404);聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(50∶50,MW=15 000,山东医疗器械研究所,14092703),聚乙烯醇(PVA1788,山西三维集团股份有限公司),吐温-80(四川金山制药有限公司),0.9%氯化钠注射液(天圣制药集团股份公司),甲醇为色谱纯,其他试剂均为分析纯。

1.2仪器

电子分析天平(AR2140万分之一,瑞士梅特勒-托利多),恒温水浴磁力搅拌器(ZNCL-GS,河南爱博特科技发展有限公司),高速冷冻离心机(Avanti J-26XP,美国Beckman公司),冷冻干燥机(Coolsafe110-4pro型,丹麦labogene-Scanvac),shimadzu高效液相色谱仪(LC-10AT,日本岛津公司),透射电子显微镜(JEM 2010,日本日立公司),马尔文动态粒度分析仪(Malvern ZEN 3600,英国马尔文公司),傅里叶红外光谱仪(Nicolet iS50,Thermo Fisher公司),压片机(YP-2,上海山岳科技仪器有限公司),超纯水机(Milli-Q Biocel A-10,美国Millipore公司)。

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