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2017年最新早安问候语
所有的胜利,与征服自己的胜利比起来,都是微不足道。所有的失败,与失去自己的失败比起来,更是微不足道,早安
人总爱跟别人比较,看看有谁比自己好,又有谁比不上自己。而其实,为你的烦恼和忧伤垫底的,从来不是别人的不幸和痛苦,而是你自己的态度,早安
这个世界不是所有的人都懂你,被不懂的人误解无须争辩,我们选择沉默;有时被最爱的人误解,我们难过到不想争辩,也只有选择沈默。生命中往往有很多无言以对的时刻,不是所有的是非都能辩明,不是所有的纠葛都能理清,有时沉默就是我们最好的回答和诠释,早安
真正点亮生命的不是明天的景色,而是美好的希望。我们怀着美好的希望,勇敢的走着,跌倒了再爬起,失败了就再努力,永远相信明天会更好,永远相信不管自己再平凡,都会拥有属于自己的幸福,这才是平凡人生中最灿烂的风景,早安
火把倒下,火焰依然向上,早安
许多时候,我们不是跌倒在自己的缺陷上,而是跌倒在自己的优势上,因为缺陷常常给我们以提醒,而优势却常常使我们忘乎所以,早安
比别人多一点努力,你就会多一份成绩;比别人多一点志气,你就会多一份出息;比别人多一点坚持,你就会夺取胜利;比别人多一点执着,你就会创造奇迹,早安
每天告诉自己一次:我真的很不错,早安
要铭记在心:每天都是一年中最美好的日子,早安
努力地工作,就像不苛求回报一样;真诚地去爱,就像从来没有受过伤害一样;投入地跳舞,就像没有人在一旁看着你一样。这样的生活,肯定可以给你带来快乐,早安
活着一天,就是有福气,就该珍惜。当我哭泣我没有鞋子穿的时辰,我发觉有人却没有脚,早安
妈妈说过没有人值得你为他哭,唯一值得你为他哭的那个人,永远都不会让你为他哭,早安
姑娘把眼泪咽下去你就赢了
人总要在失败路上走向成功,你何必轻易的说放弃
放下已经走远的人与事,放下早已尘封的是与非
既然成長了,就要變強,早安
不念过往,不为未来,珍惜现在
从今天开始,帮自己一个忙,不再承受身外的目光!
受挫一次,对工作和生活的理解加深一层,早安
2017新的一天早安语
勇敢,不一定有结果,但不勇敢,一定没有结果,早安
只有自己佩服自己,才能让别人信服你,早安
谁都知道就算每天的生活单调又乏味。但还是我们始终要过
人生就像骑单车想要保持平衡就得往前走
用勇气证明自己是最棒的
只要内心足够强大,别人就伤害不了你
没有百分之百的把握就不要抱百分之百的希望
人的一生要面临许多选择,而每次选择都会带来一阵阵剧痛,而这种剧痛叫做成长
行动是治愈恐惧的良药,而犹豫、拖延将不断滋养恐惧,早安
在难过的时候,不要忘记自己还要前进!
永远不要后悔,我们无法选择回去的路程,但是要清晰地面对已经造成的挑战,早安
如果你的生活已处于低谷,那就大胆走。因为你怎样走都是在向上,早安
没有一种不通过蔑视,忍受和奋斗就可以征服的命运,早安
自己成功才能感悟生命壮观
朋友圈早安问候语
有时候,成功者只是坚持梦想不放弃的人,早安
过去属于死神,未来属于你自己,早安
断了过去让明天好好继续
守株待兔的人永远都不会得到什么
梦想从这刻起,并不只是个幻想,靠自己它能成为现实中的一部分,早安
人生就像走猫步:左一步、右一步
姑娘,一个人,没啥,拼的就是坚强
我并不快乐,但我可以笑着生活,早安
这世界上没有不适合学习的人,只是有人没有找到适合自己的学习方法罢了,早安
敢于尝试,就等于你已经向成功迈出了第一步,早安
忘掉那黎明前的黑暗,记住那黎明后的曙光,早安
在生活中,我跌倒过。我在嘲笑声中站起来,虽然衣服脏了,早安
生活中其实没有绝境,绝境在于你自己的心没有打开,早安
每一个成功者都有一个开始。勇于开始,才能找到成功的路,早安
志向要远些,目标要近些,与其躺在原地做梦,不如逐步靠近梦想,早安
假如你知道自己这样做并没有错的话,那么,你就继续做下去,早安
当你感到迷茫的时候,请你抬头看看天边的阳光,早安
有一天你将破茧而出,成长得比人们期待的还要美丽,早安
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[关键词] 语文课堂教学 囗语交际 学生
口语交际能力是现代公民的必备能力。《语文课程标准》在口语交际的总目标中指出:“具有日常口语交际的基本能力,在各种交际活动中,学会倾听、表达与交流,初步学会文明地进行人际沟通和社会交往,发展合作精神。”这个目标体现了现代社会对学生语文能力的新要求。那么,低年级如何进行口语交际训练呢?
一、创设情境,充分激发口语交际兴趣
新课标指出:要在课内外创设多种多样的交际情境,让每个学生无拘无束地进行口语交流。而低年级学生年龄小、注意力易分散、形象思维占主要优势,因此,生动、逼真的情境创设极富感染性,能调动学生内在情感的真实体验,引起口语交际的欲望,激发他们口语交际的热情,在轻松愉快的氛围中进行交际实践。
1.创设语言情境
语境是激发学生说话欲望与兴趣的关键。孩子是天真无邪的,他们通常想到什么就说什么。但是,由于一年级学生初入学,对学校环境及老师有陌生感和不信任感,大大压抑了他们的思维,使其有话不敢说。如在新学期的第一节课上,教师面带笑容走进教室,先用“孩子们,早上好”的问候拉近师生间的距离,然后,向同学们自我介绍:“我叫×××,是你们的老师,也是你们的大朋友。我喜欢看书、唱歌、画画,但我最喜欢的还是和小朋友在一起。谁愿意做我的好朋友呢?”孩子们的眼睛亮亮的,扬起小手抢着要发言。这时,教师抓住时机,大大方方地走到一学生面前,握住他的手说:“你好,请问你叫什么名字?我可以和你做朋友吗?”接着又提出:“你家有谁?”“住在哪里?”“你最喜欢什么活动?”等问题,让学生和老师一问一答,学生在愉快的气氛中介绍着自己,从中初步了解口语交际的技巧。
2.游戏情境
低年级的孩子特别活泼好动,对游戏有一种特殊的感情。因而,教师可以经常组织有意义的游戏活动,让学生尽情地玩耍。在活动中,学生的思维特别活跃,情绪也特别激动,往往会有“一吐为快”的欲望。如教一年级上册《有趣的游戏》口语交际时,我对小朋友说:“今天老师带你们到操场做一个游戏。”话音刚落,孩子们一齐高呼“耶”。我讲好了游戏的规则后,以小组为单位,组织学生到操场上做“老鹰抓小鸡”的游戏。回到教室,让小朋友把做游戏的情形说一说,启发他们从不同角度说出游戏的趣味。虽然有些孩子的话语是稚嫩的,语句也不连贯、流畅,但孩子们参与的热情是高涨的,积极的表现欲望是那么的明显。
3.进行角色表演
课堂阅读教学时,我们还可以将教材中的文本演变成现实生活情境,让学生扮演角色,分小组进行对话训练。如教学一年级下册《小蝌蚪找妈妈》一课时,可以让学生分组扮演角色,把小蝌蚪的心情由失望到欣喜的变化,鲤鱼、乌龟、青蛙妈妈的慈祥神情,表演得活泼而富有童趣。这样训练,学生从具体的对话语言中,体验到了人物对话由于情境、身份、说话内容的不同,而变换语气、语调,从而提高了口语交际能力。
二、立足课堂,扎实进行口语交际训练
1.教给方法,让学生学着说
口语交际要做到由易到难,循序渐进。教师可以先指导学生连贯完整地说好一句话,再引发他们用一定的句式把每句话连起来,形成一段话,使观察、思维与语言表达融合为一体。我们可以依据教材,由浅入深,由简单到复杂,循序渐进地对学生进行句式训练。如《小壁虎借尾巴》一课,三次出现“他看见(谁)在(什么地方)做什么”的句子形式,于是,我们可引导学生学习这种句式,说说课间、课外活动时丰富多彩的课余生活。再如,用“先……然后……最后……”引导学生说一说做某件事的过程。这样不仅训练了学生说完整得话,同时也使学生懂得了说话要“言之有序”。长此以往,学生潜移默化地就会对完整句子的概念有了正确的认识。
2.课堂有机渗透,让学生敢于说话
课堂教学,就是师生交往的多向互动过程。所以,语文教师在课堂上要有渗透的意识,融口语交际训练于课堂教学每一个环节之中。
拼音教学中,通过意境优美的情景图引出所学的字母、音节、词句、儿歌。这些情境图不仅使学生在具体的情境中学拼音,识汉字,读儿歌,便于理解意思,还为学生提供了充分的想象创造的空间。因此,我们教师就可以引导学生去观察画面,发挥想象创造,运用音节或词语来说话、编儿歌、编故事,把学拼音、认读字词和发展语言有机结合起来,进行口语能力的培养。
在识字教学过程中,我们要鼓励学生灵活运用汉字的基础知识,联系自己生活经验,用多种方法分析记忆字形以求掌握汉字的音、形、义。要指导学生用已有的知识自学,叙述自己自学的方法和结果,训练学生的听说能力。如教“爱”字时,可以让学生说说:“你爱谁?爱吃什么?爱玩什么?爱做什么?”等等。还可以让学生给一些生字编字谜,为了巩固生字,还可以指导学生用几个生字串起来编故事,这些都有助于学生口语表达能力的强化。
三、拓展交际空间,提高学生口语交际能力
1.在活动中交际
活动是小学生喜闻乐见的形式,教师要精心设计和组织各种有趣的活动,让学生在活动中锻炼听说能力,如“秋游”、“艺术节”、“六一”游园、班队会、拔河比赛、跳绳比赛等活动。在这些活动之后,学生往往还沉浸在快乐之中,余兴未尽,在这种时候,每位学生都有“一吐为快”的欲望。教师可趁机组织学生把活动过程中,自己最感兴趣、最有意义或最能给自己带来快乐的情节说给大家听。这样,学生说话的兴趣盎然,而且有话可说。
2.在生活中交际
Abstract: Beginning in the fall of 2001, the national city and county schools gradually opened English courses; fall of 2002, the township seat elementary school gradually opened English courses and the initial year of primary school English classes as the third grade. For this age, the imitate force and plasticity of children is very strong. But at present, the rural primary school English teaching basically still uses a mechanical memory. Teachers use more listening and reading back three points in the repeated training methods, the lack of practice, but also do not have a good language learning environment. The result is a blow to their interest in learning English, but also to draw further apart the spirit of quality education, which is not conducive to the all-round development of students. Therefore, The reformation of primary English in rural primary school is imperative.
关键词: 农村小学;英语教学;改革
Key words: rural primary schools;English teaching;reformation
中图分类号:G42 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2013)10-0211-03
Due to the research on the teaching method of the primary schools .The current English education in rural areas are very weak. Because of lacking of practice and without a good language learning atmosphere, children in rural primary schools are difficult to study well. Many primary schools in rural areas based on the traditional methods- memories, just listening, reading, reciting and again[1].This method don't only strike the students' interest in English but also their overall development. On the other side some English teachers just pay attention to the scores but ignore the students' abilities. So the teaching methods need to be reformed in the rural primary schools.
1 The Current Situation of Primary English
After the New Course Reform the rate of English lessons in the cities and towns has reached more than 70%, while only 30% in the rural primary schools. What's more, The English teaching of the primary school in rural areas are very weak. Firstly, the qualified teachers are very weak. Now the most English teachers in primary schools are not graduated from the English major in normal schools, and many of them are from the Non-English Major. They could not have a good command of English. Most of them don't get solid basic skills specialized courses which are not difficult to be competent for the English teaching[2]. In addition the Pronunciation of these English teachers is far from the eligible English teachers. Secondly, they spend little time in teaching and learning English .some schools even have three classes one week. After the class, there isn't a good environment for the students to exchange. They are easy to forget the knowledge. Thirdly, the teaching equipment and the rural school's funding are in great shortage. all in all in many aspects such as in teaching methods, teaching qualities, teacher resources and the qualities of the teachers' the rural are far from the towns, especially in teaching methods.
2 Methods of reformation
2.1 Activities Excite the Interest and Teaching Through Lively Activities
The interest is the key element to learn the English language, and to stimulate the students' interest is an important task in English teaching. I think our students are the same, whether in urban or in rural areas. If teachers only use spoon-feed education, students could not have any interests in learning English[3]. As we all know that the pupils attention are in a short time, their curiosity and imitation are very strong. we can use these characteristics to organize a variety of classroom activities, such as games, performances, competitions, singing, etc., to develop the students' interest in English, so that the students can learn English in a relaxed but exciting atmosphere.
2.2 Trying to Create a Good Language Environment, Teaching Students According to Their Aptitude and Using Context Teaching
A good language environment is an important place for students to improve their spoken language. Because pupils usually use Chinese, and only spend few minutes to speak English in the class. so their vocabularies are too poor. The teachers should use all the aspects of English teaching to organize the teaching activities insistently, say the English words slowly, repeatedly, then make pupils gradually familiar with the teachers' language. They can really be able to master the knowledge. So in this way teachers lead pupils to speak English, it can gradually develop their abilities of thinking in English, create a relaxed and lively language environment, improve pupils' spoken English, and enhance their reaction velocities. When the teachers give lessons, they should pay attention to the pupils' learning characteristics. Try their best to build a stress-free environment .that is appropriate for the pupils. This need to BREAK THE old RULES and create some real scenes in the classroom as far as possible. In a word, using the same context in different students, the students have grasped the meaning of this dialogue inadvertently. This is "teaching through lively activities".
2.3 Infiltrating Ideological Education, Using Flexible Teaching Methods
We can not limit foreign language learning only in English classes, but should be expanded to the pupils' daily lives. The schools and teachers should create a good atmosphere for English learning. Such as paste the English cards on the classroom desks, windows, and blackboards. They should try to create a strong English learning environment. Furthermore, teachers can also ask students to make words cards everyday by themselves that they learned in the class. They can use the words cards that they made to teach their family members or make a comparison with their classmates whose cards are made better.
The primary English teaching material has its own characteristics: each unit arranges a series of activities for the pupils. Such as: Let's do, Let's sing, Let's chant, Let's play,Story time and so on. These contents are equipped with beautiful pictures and lovely music. So the children are deeply loved. On account of pupils' immature mind, age and their nature of play, therefore the classroom atmosphere should appear from these places. As the saying goes, ‘Interest is the best teacher'. This is the outstanding point in primary English. The so-called flexible teaching methods are to design different teaching methods according to the different characteristics. Such as, using games, dance, music, songs, nursery rhymes, competitions, painting, and making into the classroom. Afterwards, trying to inspire the pupils' interests in learning English and make the atmosphere come alive. In the end to make students become the masters of the classroom.
2.4 Contacting With Actual Life and Consolidating the Teaching Achievements
According to the law of memory, the best way to strengthen memories is to reinforce constantly. Only in this way, knowledge can be eternal stored in the brain. There are many ways to consolidate knowledge, such as.
2.4.1 Educating Students to Make a Habit of Remember.
Teachers should Exercise pupils' oral English at anytime on anywhere. For instance, the polite expression between teachers and students. This can Not only cultivate students' civilized and polite habits but also create a good environment and interpersonal relations, what's more it can consolidate the knowledge that learned in the class and stimulate pupils' interest and curiosity in learning English as well.
2.4.2 Taking Full Advantages of Blackboard Newspaper.
Teachers should combine pupils' characteristics and make good use of blackboard newspaper to impart knowledge, Such as songs, nursery rhymes, competitions, painting especially the difficulties in the English language teaching. Blackboard newspaper can enrich the students' lives and consolidate the knowledge.
2.4.3 Pay Attention to the Connection Between Home and School.
School Education is the major part of the students' development .but we could not look down upon the home education. The home education can play an important part in develop and cultivate pupils' intelligence and good life habits. Teachers should make parents' ideological work. So that parents can involve in the teaching activities try their best to create a good learning atmosphere for their children. They can encourage their children to listen to English songs, such as ‘ABCsong’ and ‘Good morning to you'. Leading the children to apply English to real lives.
3 Conclusion
Generally speaking, the teaching method of reformation should be based on reality of rural schools. The main goal of English teaching in primary school is to stimulate and develop students' interests in learning language. Their curiosity and imitation are very strong. Teachers should use these characteristics to organize a variety of classroom activities, to get better effects in teaching, it's necessary to grasp the commonness of children, little by little, and to teach students in accordance of their aptitude. So that students can mast certain knowledge and the basic skills rapidly. On the other hand teachers should encourage children to use English to communicate with others and speak some simple English sentences or dialogues as much as possible. Taking advantages of all the educational opportunities to create a good learning atmosphere for the pupils. What's more, Teachers should make students aware that extensive knowledge is the source of innovation and guide the students to investigate and precede the diverse reading, to develop the creative thought. All kinds of these, pupils' abilities are the most important things, especially listening, speaking, reading and writing. For us the ultimate aim of reformation is to develop and enhance students' abilities in learning English.
References:
[1]Lv Jier.A survey of English teachers in rural primary school in Mountainous Areas.Primary and middle school English, [J].2004.
[2]Liu Zhaoyan.Analysis of the current situation of English Teaching in primary school.Foreign language teaching in schools[J].2003.
[3]Cheng Xiaotang.Quality and convergence problems of primary and secondary school foreign language teaching in primary school English Teaching[D].1998.
根据对小学的教学方法的研究发现,当前农村地区的英语教育是非常弱的。因为缺少实践,没有一个好的语言学习氛围,在农村小学的孩子们很难学好。许多农村小学基于传统方法的回忆,只是听,读,背一遍[1]。这种方法不仅打击学生学习英语的兴趣也有他们的全面发展。另一方面一些英语教师只注重分数而忽视学生的能力。因此,农村小学的英语教学方法需要改造。
1 小学英语的现状
新英语课程改革率在城市和城镇已超过70%,而在乡村小学只有30%。更重要的是,在农村地区的小学英语教学是非常弱的。首先,合格教师很弱。现在大多数小学英语教师不是毕业于师范学校英语专业,而是来自非英语专业。他们不可能有良好的英语能力。他们大多没有得到基本功扎实的专业课学习,是很难胜任英语教学的[2]。第二,这些农村小学的英语教师的发音是不合格的,远远达不到标准的发音水平要求。其次,他们在教学和学习英语中用的时间很少。有些学校甚至一周只有三班课。下课后,没有一个良好的环境供学生交流。他们很容易忘记的学过的知识。第三,教学设备和农村学校的经费严重短缺。总之,很多方面诸如教学方法、教学质量、教师资源和农村教师的素质都比城镇差很多,特别是在教学方法方面。
2 农村小学英语教学改革的方法
2.1 寓教于乐,通过各种教学活动激发学生的学习兴趣 兴趣是学好英语的关键元素,激发学生的兴趣是英语教学的一项重要任务。我认为我们的学生都是相同的,无论是在城市还是在农村地区。如果教师只有填鸭式的教育方法,学生不能在学习英语上有任何进步[3]。我们都知道,学生的注意力只有很短的时间,他们的好奇心和模仿能力是很强的。我们可以利用这些特点来组织各种课堂活动,如游戏,表演,比赛,唱歌等。培养学生学习英语的兴趣,使学生在轻松而令人兴奋的氛围中学习英语。
2.2 因材施教,采用情境式教学,给学生创造一个良好的语言学习环境 一个好的语言环境是提高学生口语能力的重要场所。因为学生通常使用中文,只花几分钟在课堂上讲英语,所以他们的词汇量很少。教师应该用英语教学的各个方面来组织教学活动,不断缓慢反复的说英语单词,然后让学生逐渐熟悉教师的语言。他们就能慢慢掌握学过的知识。这样,教师引导学生说英语,可以逐步地发展他们的英语思维能力,营造轻松、活泼的语言环境,提高学生的英语口语,并提高他们的反应速度。老师在教学活动中,应该关注学生的学习特点。努力建立一个无压力的轻松的学习环境,提高学生的学习能力。这需要打破旧的教学方法,在课堂上尽可能的营造真实的场景。总之,要让不同性格的学生在活动中掌握所学对话中展示的意思。这是“寓教于乐”。
2.3 开展课外活动,采用灵活多样的教学方法 我们不能把外语学习只放在英语课上,而应扩大到学生的日常生活中。学校和教师应创造一个良好的英语学习氛围,如在课桌、窗户、和黑板上粘贴英语卡,努力创造一个良好的英语学习环境。此外,教师还可以要求学生自己每天把在课堂上学习的内容做一个话卡。他们可以用他们的话卡,教他们的家庭成员,或与他们的同学的卡做一个比较看谁做的比较好。
小学英语教学材料有其自身的特点:各单元安排了一系列活动的学生。如:让我们做,让我们一起唱,唱一唱,让我们玩,故事时间等。这些内容都配有精美的图片和优美的音乐。所以深受孩子们的喜爱。因此,课堂气氛的调动应该从小学生的好奇心和他们爱比赛的性格特点着手。俗话说,“兴趣是最好的老师。”这是在小学英语的突出点。所谓的灵活的教学方法是根据不同的特点,设计不同的教学方法。例如,在课堂上使用游戏,舞蹈,音乐,歌曲,儿歌,比赛,绘画等教学方法。激励学生学习英语的兴趣,使气氛活跃起来,让学生成为课堂的主人。
2.4 与实际生活相联系,巩固教学成果 根据记忆的规律,加强记忆的最好办法是不断加强。只有这样,知识可以永久存储在大脑。有许多方法来巩固知识,如:
2.4.1 要让学生养成一种记忆的习惯 教师要在任何时候任何地方训练学生的英语口语。例如,教师与学生之间的礼貌表达。这不仅能培养学生的文明礼貌的习惯,而且还创造了良好的环境和人际关系,更重要的是它可以巩固课堂所学,激发学生学习英语的兴趣和好奇心,以及巩固知识。
2.4.2 利用黑板报的优势 教师应结合学生的特点,充分利用黑板报传授知识,如歌曲、儿歌、比赛、绘画,特别是在英语教学中的难点。黑板报可以丰富学生的生活和巩固学生的英语知识。
2.4.3 重视家庭与学校之间的联系 学校教育是学生发展的重要组成部分。但我们不能小看学生的家庭教育。家庭教育在培养学生的智力和养成良好的生活习惯方面发挥了重要作用。教师应该做好父母的思想工作,让家长参与教学活动,努力为孩子们创造一个良好的学习氛围。他们可以鼓励孩子听英文歌曲,如“ABC歌”和“早上好”。引导孩子把所学的英语应用到实际生活中。
3 结论
一般来说,改革英语教学方法应根据农村学校的实际。在小学英语教学中,主要目的是激发和培养学生学习语言的兴趣。他们的好奇心和模仿能力是很强的。教师要利用小学生的这些特点来组织各种课堂活动,在教学中会得到更好的效果。在教学活动中,要掌握孩子的共性来因材施教,使学生能迅速的掌握知识和抓住基本要点。另一方面,教师要鼓励孩子尽可能的用英语与人沟通,说一些简单的英语句子或对话。利用所有教育机会的优势,为学生创造良好的学习氛围。更重要的是,创造性思维是一种丰富的财富。教师应指导学生多阅读多思考,培养学生创造性思维。综上,提高学生的能力是最重要的事情,尤其是听力、口语、阅读和写能力作。我们改革的最终目标是培养和提高学生学习英语的能力。
参考文献:
[1]吕吉尔.山区农村小学英语师资现况调查报告.中小学英语[J].2004.
[2]刘朝彦.小学英语教学现状分析.中小学外语教学,2003[J].