庸人自扰翻译

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庸人自扰翻译范文第1篇

要达到这三个层次，做一个合格的领导者，修身历练是根本。

庄子说：“终身役役而不知其所归。”终身被功名所束缚而不知道人生的真正本意应该归结到何处。高人重道，常人重术。没有哪一代中国人像我们这一代人这样把追求财富的手段发展到无以复加，然而注重钻营之“术”，而不修身养性，我们的企业就会被“物欲”所控制。庄子说：“物物而不为物所物。”要控制功名利禄，不要为了追求功名利禄而把自己的本性都失去了，把良心都弄丢了。另一位思想家荀子说：“君子役物，小人役于物。”君子虽然追求功名，但是不被功名所束缚。日本有个人叫涩泽荣一，参加过明治维新，后来觉得自己不适合从政，改为经商，一生当中创办了一百五十多家银行和企业，是日本劝业银行的创办人之一。他一生以《论语》作为自己的经商之道，而且还到处宣讲，被日本人视为“经营之神”、“经营之父”。他到八十多岁退休时和朋友办了一个书院，继续宣讲《论语》的伦理道德，也写了很多书。其中有一本书被翻译成中文，叫做《论语加算盘》，《论语》讲的是一种道德修养，算盘代表追求经济利益，他把两者结合起来。按照我们传统的说法，这两者是风马牛不相及，但涩泽荣一觉得这两者一定要结合起来。香港大学的校训就叫做“格物明德”。“格物”的含义是人生当中要从各种道德实践生活实践中不断接触事物，不断地探讨道理，积累知识，这叫“格物致知”。儒家非常强调生活的细节。孔子云“慎独”，意思是在大庭广众之下不敢乱来，但这不算真功夫，真正的功夫体现在独处的时候，你还能坚持良好的道德品行，那才是真功夫。

美国富兰克林在《修身规则》中讲到，一个人要有宁静的心情，我们常常说庸人自扰，为了一点小事老是放不下是做不了大事的，我早就意识到这个问题，因为有一件事让我看得很清楚：我曾经协助一个企业与别人谈判，款项大概是七十来万，谈判的气氛很紧张，很不愉快，谈到很晚就在酒店开房间和老总住在一起。这个老总很有度量，他很快就睡着了，但我却很久没睡着。钱不是我的我都睡不着，若是我的那还得了，所以我当时的心态不够大度。

庸人自扰翻译范文第2篇

1. send 动词，意为“发送，寄；派人”。

I usually send postcards to my friends before their birthdays. 我通常在我的朋友生日前给他们寄明信片。

【搭配】 send sth. to sb./send sb. sth. 意为“送某人某物”。send sb. to+地点，意为“送某人去某地”。

【拓展】 send for sb. 意为“派人去请……”。如：Send for a doctor at once.

【词汇运用】 完成句子：

（1） 我生日那天，我父母常常送我一些礼物。

My parents often______ ______ ______ on my birthday.

（2） Jim病了，我们不得不送他去医院。

Jim is ill. We have to______ ______ ______ ______.

【答案】 （1） send me presents （2） send him to hospital

2. pay 动词，意为“付钱；给……报酬”。

He paid 4680 yuan for the new computer. 他为那台新电脑付了4680元。

【搭配】 pay some money for sth. 意为“为……付了……钱”。

【辨析】 spend，cost，take，pay之间的区别如下：

【词汇运用】 用spend，cost，take或pay填空

（1） I ______ twenty yuan for the book yesterday.

（2） How much does the new car ______？

（3） It ______ me 20 minutes to ride to school every morning.

（4） The students usually ______ a lot of time learning English.

【答案】 （1） paid （2） cost （3） takes （4） spend

3. badly 副词，意为“严重地，厉害地”。

The little boy was badly ill. 小男孩病得很重。

【联想】 badly是形容词bad的副词形式，反义词是well，常用来修饰形容词或动词。

【易错提醒】 bad和badly的比较级和最高级相同，都是worse，worst。

【拓展】 be bad for意为“对……有害”。

【词汇运用】 用括号里单词的适当形式填空。

The man was ______（bad） hurt，and the next day，he was even ______（bad）.

【答案】 badly；worse

4. careful 形容词，意为“仔细的，小心的，认真的”。

Be careful，the car may hit you. 当心，小汽车可能会撞到你。

【搭配】 be careful with... 意为“注意/当心……”。如：We must be careful with the fire. It may burn the house. 我们必须小心火，它会烧毁房子。

【拓展】 care名词，意为“在乎，在意”等。careless是careful的反义词，意为“粗心的”。carefully是careful的副词形式。

【词汇运用】 用所给词的适当形式填空。

（1） Don？蒺t be______（care），we must do everything ______（care）.

（2） We must eat healthy food and be ______（care） with our health.

【答案】 （1） careless；carefully （2） careful

5. news 名词，意为“新闻，消息”。

No news is good news.没消息就是好消息。

【易错提醒】 news虽以s结尾，但它是一个不可数名词，“一则新闻”用a piece of news表示。

【拓展】 newspaper是可数名词。

【词汇运用】 ______ good news it is！

A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

【答案】 A

6. lose 动词，意为“迷失，丢失；失去”。

Jack is a careless boy，and he often loses his key. Jack是一个粗心的男孩，他常常丢钥匙。

【联想】 lost可用作形容词，意为“丢失的”。loss是lose的名词形式。

【搭配】 lose one？蒺s way意为“迷路”，和get lost同义。

【拓展】 lose one？蒺s life意为“丧生”。

【词汇运用】 翻译句子

他昨天丢了自行车，输了比赛，还迷了路。

Yesterday，he ______，______ and ______.

【答案】 lost his bike；lost the match；lost his way

■

【原句再现1】 Some children are not even able to pay for school. 有些孩子甚至付不起上学的钱。

【结构解析】 be able to意为“能够做某事”，表示“有能力”，可用于各种时态。can也表示“能够”，但只能用于现在和过去两种时态。

【句型运用】 根据中文提示，完成句子。

（1） I？蒺m sure I ______（能够） do better than anyone else tomorrow.

（2） He ______（能够） swim when he was a child.

【答案】 （1） can / am going to be able to （2） was able to/ could

【原句再现2】 He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire. 他足够勇敢，从火中救了他的邻居。

【结构解析】 enough副词，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词和副词，且必须放在它们之后。enough也可用作形容词，作定语时，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。

【句型运用】 根据中文完成句子。

（1） This book is ______（足够容易） for us to read.

（2） Don？蒺t worry，he can look after you ______（足够细心）.

（3） We don？蒺t have ______（足够食物） to eat.

【答案】 （1） easy enough （2） carefully enough （3） enough food

【原句再现3】 He put out the fire with a wet blanket and helped Mrs Sun out. 他用湿的毯子灭了火，帮助孙夫人出来。

【结构解析】 put out意为“扑灭”。其中out是副词，所以代词作宾语时，要放在put和out之间。

【句型运用】 根据中文提示，完成句子。

Excuse me，could you please ______（熄灭） your cigarette？

【答案】 put out

【原句再现4】 That sounds dangerous. 那听起来很危险。

【结构解析】 sound是连系动词，后可接形容词作表语。类似的动词还有look，smell，taste，feel，keep，seem，be，become，turn，get等。

【句型运用】 根据中文提示完成句子

（1） The story __________（听起来很有趣）.

（2）The food ______（看起来好），and ______（尝起来鲜美） .

【答案】 （1） sounds interesting （2） looks good，tastes delicious

【原句再现5】 Keep your hair away from fire. 让你的头发远离火。

【结构解析】 keep sb. /sth. away from sth. 意为“使某人/某物远离某物”。keep away from意为“（使）不接近；避开；远”。

【句型运用】 翻译句子

（1） 让那小男孩远离那只大狗。

__________ the big dog.

（2） 我们应该远离香烟，保持健康。

We should _________ smoke and keep healthy.

【答案】 （1） Keep the little boy away from （2） keep away from

【原句再现6】 By the way，can you take your camera with you，Amy？ 随便说一下，Amy，你能带上你的相机吗？

【结构解析】 by the way意为“随便说一下”；on the way to...意为“在……路上”；in this way意为“用这种办法”。

【句型运用】 根据中文提示完成句子

（1） You can find the answer easily ____________（用这种办法）.

（2） ____________（随便说一下），can you buy a newspaper for me ____________（在你回家的路上）？

【答案】 （1） in this way （2） By the way；on your way home

【原句再现7】 She does not do her best this term. 这学期她没有尽最大努力。

【结构解析】 do one？蒺s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，和try one？蒺s best同意，后常接to do sth.。

【句型运用】 根据中文提示完成句子

We should ____________（尽我们最大的努力） to learn our lessons well.

【答案】 do / try our best

【原句再现8】 I started to play the violin at the age of six. 我六岁开始拉小提琴。

【结构解析】 play the violin意为“拉小提琴”，西洋乐器名词前要加冠词the。如：弹钢琴 play the piano；弹吉他 play the guitar。

at the age of...意为“在……岁；在……的时候”，相当于at+年龄+years old。

【句型运用】 翻译句子

（1） 郎朗钢琴弹得非常好。Lang Lang ____________ very well.

（2） 在中国，小孩子7岁上学。In China，children go to school ____________.

【答案】 （1） plays the piano （2） at seven years old /at the age of seven

【原句再现9】 We look forward to hearing from you. 我们盼望收到你的来信。

【结构解析】 look forward to意为“盼望”，后接名词，代词或动词的ing形式。hear from sb意为“收到某人的来信”，相当于 get/receive a letter from sb。

【句型运用】 翻译句子

（1） 我盼望在北京见到你。I ______ ______ ______ seeing you in Beijing.

（2） 我常常收到我父母的来信。I often ______ ______ my parents.

【答案】 （1） look forward to （2） hear from

■

A. can和could与can，could和may表示能力和许可的用法

can，could和may表示能力时，can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。

can，could和may表示许可时，could比较有礼貌，may比较正式。

【语法运用】 用can，could和may填空

1. ______ you come to the party tomorrow？

2. ______ you swim when you were young？

3. ― ______ I come in？ ― No，you can？蒺t.

4. ― ______ I use your pen？ ― Yes，of course you may.

【答案】 1. Can 2. Could 3. Can/Could/May 4. May

B. 感叹句的用法

感叹句表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句首常用what/how引导，句末用感叹号。其结构如下：

【语法运用】 选用what，what a/an，how填空

1. ______ beautiful flower it is！

2. ______ interesting books they are！

3. ______ fine weather it is！

4. ______ terrible the fire was！

5. ______ beautifully the little girl is dancing！

【答案】 1. What a 2. What 3. What 4. How 5. How

【原题再现1】 Unless you go along the river，you ______（迷路） in the forest. （2012・连云港）

【答案解析】 unless 引导的是条件状语从句，主句用将来时，答案为will get lost / will lose your way。

【原题再现2】 I asked her if she was ready to go，and she ______（nod）. （2012・扬州）

【答案解析】 根据前一句的时态，应该填nod的过去式nodded，注意双写最后一个辅音字母再加？鄄ed。

【原题再现3】 The ______ action film has attracted millions of young people to the cinema. （2012・无锡）

A. 130？鄄minute B. 130？鄄minutes C. 130 minute D.130 minutes

【答案解析】 本题考查数词作定语的用法。数词和名词间要用连字符号，并且名词要用单数形式，故选A。

【原题再现4】 English is my favorite subject，and I am good ______ it. （2012・山东临沂）

A. for B. to C. at D. of

【答案解析】 本题考查介词的固定搭配，be good at 意为“擅长”，故选C。

【原题再现5】 ― Excuse me，Sir. But smoking is not allowed here.

― Sorry，I didn？蒺t see the sign. I？蒺ll______ my cigarette at once. （2012・连云港）

A. put out B. put away C. put up D. put off

【答案解析】 本题考查动词短语的辨别。put out熄灭；put away放好；put up张贴、举起；put off推迟。 根据句意应该选A。

【原题再现6】 ______ nice the ice cream looks！I can？蒺t wait to taste it. （2012・淮安）

A. How a B. How C. What a D. What

【答案解析】 考查感叹句的用法。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词或副词。nice是形容词，故选B。

【原题再现7】 ― ______ I try on those shoes in the window？

― ______. They are just on show. （2012・ 内蒙古呼和浩特）

A. Could；Yes，you can B. Can；Sorry，you couldn？蒺t

C. Could；Sorry，you can？蒺t D. Can；Yes，you could

【答案解析】 本题考查情态动词的用法。could用来请求别人允许做某事，比can语气委婉，有礼貌。根据句意“鞋子正在展出（不能试穿）”，选C。

【原题再现8】 Last year I ______ drive. I used to take the bus. （2012・江西）

A. could B. couldn？蒺t C. should D. shouldn？蒺t

【答案解析】 本题考查情态动词的用法。句中last year是过去时间，表示过去的“不会，不能”，用couldn？蒺t，故选B。

【原题再现9】 ― ______ I swim here？

― I？蒺m sorry. Children ______ swim alone here. （2012・广东）

A. Must；can？蒺t B. May；must C. Can；mustn？蒺t D. Can？蒺t；can

【答案解析】 本题考查情态动词can请求允许的用法。句意为“―― 我能在这游泳吗？―― 对不起，小孩不可以独自在这里游泳”。故选C。

一、 单项选择

（ ）1. ― Is your brother still in ______ hospital？

― No.He feels better now，but he has to stay in ______ bed for two days.

A. 不填；不填 B. the；the C. the；a D. 不填；a

（ ）2. Kate is an ______ girl，but she can cook for herself.

A. 11？鄄year？鄄old B. 11？鄄years？鄄old C. 11 years old D. 11 year old

（ ）3. ― Little Eric stayed at home alone last night. ― Really？ How ______ he is！

A. helpful B. brave C. rude D. surprised

（ ）4. ______ heavy the rain is！Let？蒺s stay at home.

A. How B. What C. What a D. How a

（ ）5. ― What did you find just now？ ― I saw a dog ______ along the river.

A. is walking B. walks C. to walk D. walking

（ ）6. ______ careful when you cross the road.

A. To be B. Be C. Being D. Are

（ ）7. ― Bad luck！I poured some milk ______ my phone.

― You must turn it off at once.

A. for B. off C. over D. up

（ ）8. ― ______ you swim，Eric？

― Yes. I am a good swimmer. But I ______ swim until last year.

A. Can；can？蒺t B. Can；couldn？蒺t C. Could；couldn？蒺t D. Can；could

（ ）9. ― I？蒺m sorry I ______ my homework at home.

― That？蒺s all right. Don？蒺t forget ______ it here this afternoon.

A. forget；to take B. forget；to bring

C. left；to take D. left；to bring

（ ）10. ― Could I take the newspapers home？

― ______. You must read them in the reading room.

A. No，you couldn？蒺t B. Sorry，you can？蒺t

C. Of course you can D. I am afraid you needn？蒺t

二、 词汇运用

A. 根据句意和所给提示，写出单词。

1. There is much ______[sm？藜uk] on the top of the building.

2. Diana isn？蒺t ______[breIv]. She often feels afraid when she sees the dog.

3. After class the students ______[r？蘧？蘩] to the dining hall to have lunch at the same time.

4. ― How much did you ______（付款） for your car？ ― About 100，000 yuan.

5. All the people have different ______（能力）.

6. ― Diaoyu Island is a ______（部分） of China.

― Yes ，it？蒺s a fact，no one can change it.

7. It rains heavily now. His clothes are all ______（湿的）.

8. We did not tell anyone about it，not ______（甚至） my mother.

9. I often ______（送） my friends some cards before New Year？蒺s Day.

10. Simon ______（伤害） his fingers when he was cooking in the kitchen.

B. 根据句意，用括号中动词的正确形式填空。

1. I ______（can not） swim when I was young.

2. An old man ______（lose） his way yesterday.

3. Thank you for ______（save） my little daughter from the fire.

4. Students need ______（do） more reading，and it？蒺s good for us.

5. We are looking forward to ______（see） you in the cinema tomorrow.

三、 完形填空

Do you want to be an excellent student？ 1 you do，here are some steps you must take.

When a teacher is giving a lesson，take 2 . If you don？蒺t understand something，put up your hand and 3 . You？蒺ll learn a lot by asking questions. Don？蒺t pass notes or talk to friends in class or you will miss 4 because of that.

Do your homework carefully. Homework 5 you review（复习 ）. You can find some questions

6 you are doing the homework. This is also a（an） 7 part of your study. Remember，homework can also help you pick up good habits（习惯） of study.

Bring everything you need with you to class，for example，books，pens，pencils and homework.

8 things well. Keep a folder（文件夹） for each subject. Put your Maths papers in your 9 folder，put your history papers in your history folder，put your science papers in your science folder，etc.

Start to 10 a little more. When you are reading more books，you are learning more words.

（ ）1. A. Do B. If C. Will D. And

（ ）2. A. notes B. reports C. a sleep D. a bath

（ ）3. A. answer B. leave C. ask D. cry

（ ）4. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything

（ ）5. A. is B. stops C. helps D. begins

（ ）6. A. when B. where C. why D. how

（ ）7. A. easy B. important C. difficult D. dangerous

（ ）8. A. Make B. Think C. Organize D. Give

（ ）9. A. science B. art C. Maths D. geography

（ ）10. A. listen B. play C. eat D. read

四、 阅读理解

How wonderful it would be if there was fire！Today is November 9. It？蒺s time for us to learn a lot more about fire，especially what to do if we are caught（着火） in a fire：

1. Shout out. If you smell smoke or see fire，shout out “Fire”！Shout as loudly as you can，because people may be asleep.

2. Call 119. Never try to put out the fire yourself，even if it is a very small one！Get help from your parents or call 119.

3. Keep down close to the floor. If there is a lot of smoke in your room，keep down close to the floor.

4. Test the door. Test the door before you open it. If the door is cool，open it carefully. If the door is hot，do not open it！Try to find a different way out.

5. Get out. If you can，get out of your home as soon as possible.

6. Don？蒺t use the lift. Never use the lift during the fire. It may also go wrong.

7. Don？蒺t go back. Never go back into a burning building！

（ ）1. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. how to look after yourself when on fire B. when to leave the burning place

C. what to do when you are caught in a fire D. why to call 119 when it is on fire

（ ）2. When people are asleep，what will you do when fire happens？

A. Call for help quickly. B. Wake your parents up fast.

C. Shout out “Fire！” loudly. D. Run away fast.

（ ）3. Why shouldn？蒺t you use the lift when fire happens？

A. Because taking the lift is so slow. B. Because the fire can burn you.

C. Because the lift may keep you safe. D. Because the lift may not work.

（ ）4. When a fire is burning，you test the door to ______.

A. find a better way out B. notice the fire clearly

C. call for a much quicker help D. see it is closed

（ ）5. If you leave an expensive thing at home，you should ______.

A. not go back B. keep down close to the floor

C. not get out D. try your best to leave

五、 书面表达

你们学校要评选“助人为乐奖”（Helpful Student Award），你想向校长（Mrs Li）推荐你的朋友Tom，因为他一贯乐于助人，前不久还从大火中救了一个孩子。根据已经给出的开头和结尾，完成这封推荐信。

要求：1. 条理清楚，语意连贯；2. 紧扣主题，适当发挥；3. 不少于70个词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mrs Li

I would like to recommend（推荐）Tom for the Helpful Student Award. __________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

I hope Tom will get this award. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours faithfully

Tony

Keys：

一、 1―5 AABAD 6―10 BCBDB

二、 A. 1. smoke 2. brave 3. rush 4. pay 5. abilities 6. part 7. wet 8. even 9. send 10. hurt

B. 1. couldn？蒺t 2. lost 3. saving 4. to do 5. seeing

三、 1―5 BACAC 6―10 ABCCD

四、 1―5 CCDAA

五、

Dear Mrs Li

I would like to recommend（推荐）Tom for the Helpful Student Award. He is a clever boy and he is very helpful. When we have problems，we can always ask him for help.

Last week，when he was on his way home，he saw a building was on fire. A little girl was calling for help in the building. She was in great danger. Tom called 119 at once and tried his best to help her out. The girl？蒺s parents were very grateful to him. They said Tom was a brave boy.

I hope Tom will get this award. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours faithfully

Tony

背景知识

沙漠测试

You are travelling in a desert. You have with you the following five animals：a cow，a horse，a lion，a monkey and a sheep.

You don？蒺t have enough water for you and all your animals. If you run out of water，you and your animals will die in the desert. You have to leave one of the animals behind. Which animal do you want to leave behind？

You have four animals with you now. The desert is as hot as a stove！Sand is everywhere. Your water is not enough. Now，if you want to get out，you have to leave another animal behind. Which one do you leave behind？

You have three animals with you now. Walk，walk，walk... Hot，hot，hot... You come to an oasis（绿洲） finally，but it is dried up. You have to leave another animal behind. Which one do you leave behind？

You only have two animals now. It？蒺s a long hot walk. You can see the edge（边缘）of the desert far in front of you. Unfortunately， you don？蒺t have enough water.

You can only leave the desert with ONE animal. Which one do you leave behind？

Congratulations！The two of you are out of the desert！

Analysis：Each animal means a part of your life. The first animal you leave behind means the least important to you. The one you keep to the last means the most important to you.

Lion ― pride（尊严） Cow ― basic needs（基本需要） Sheep ― friendship（友谊）

Monkey ― family Horse ― passion（激情）

沙漠测试

你正在沙漠里旅行，随行的有以下五只动物：一头奶牛，一匹马，一头狮子，一只猴子和一只绵羊。

你的水不够你自己和这些动物一起喝。如果水喝完了，你和你的动物将会死在沙漠里。你不得不舍弃其中一只动物。你想舍弃哪只？

现在你还有四只动物。沙漠热得像个火炉！到处都是沙子。你的水不够了。现在，如果你想走出沙漠，必须得再舍弃一只动物。你会舍弃哪只呢？

现在你还有三只动物。走啊，走啊，走啊……热啊，热啊，热啊……你终于来到了一片绿洲，可它干涸了。你不得不再舍弃一只动物。你会舍弃哪只呢？

现在你只有两只动物了。在烈日下你走了很久，终于能看见远方沙漠的边缘了。不幸的是，你的水不够了。你只能带着一只动物走出沙漠。你会再舍弃哪只呢？

恭喜你！你们两个已经走出沙漠了！

解析：每一只动物都代表你生命的一部分。你第一个舍弃的动物代表对你来说最不重要的事物。你保留到最后的动物代表对你来说最重要的事物。

狮子―― 尊严 母牛―― 基本需要 绵羊―― 友谊

猴子―― 家庭 马―― 激情

活学活用

Borrow trouble 庸人自扰

Roy：Eric，you look a little sad. Are you worrying about anything？