英国人物:南丁格尔

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Florence Nightingale was a celebrated British social reformer and statistician， and the founder of modern nursing. She came to prominence while serving as a nurse during the Crimean War， where she tended to wounded soldiers. She was dubbed “The Lady with the Lamp” after her habit of making rounds at night.

Nightingale was born to a wealthy upper-class family， at a time when women of her class were expected to focus on marriage and child bearing. Unitarian religious inspiration led her to devote her life to serving others， both directly and as a reformer. Nightingale rejected proposals of marriage so as to be free to pursue her calling.

Her father had progressive social views， providing his daughter with a well-rounded education that included mathematics and supported her desire to lead an active life. Nightingale’s ability to effect reform rested on her exceptional analytic skills， her high reputation， and her network of influential friends. Starting in her mid thirties， she suffered from chronic poor health， but continued working almost until her death at the age of ninety.

1820年5月12日，弗罗伦斯・南丁格尔在父母旅行于欧洲的途中生于托斯卡纳大公国（Grand Duchy of Tuscany）佛罗伦斯市的一个英国上流社会家庭，且跟她的姊姊帕耳忒诺珀（Parthenope）一样，她的名字也是取自她的出生地：佛罗伦斯。她因在克里米亚进行护理而闻名，被誉为“提灯女神”。她是世界上第一个真正的女护士，开创了护理事业，1908年3月16日，她在88岁高龄时被授予伦敦城自由奖。“5.12”国际护士节设立在南丁格尔的生日这一天，就是为了纪念这位近代护理事业的创始人。

誓言：

I solemnly pledge myself before God and in the presence of this assembly， to pass my life in purity and to practice my profession faithfully. I will abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous， and will not take or knowingly administer any harmful drug. I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession， and will hold in confidence all personal matters committed to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling. With loyalty will I endeavor to aid the physician in his work，and devote myself to the welfare of those committed to my care.

――The Florence Nightingale Pledge

誓言中译：余谨以至诚，于上帝及会众面前宣誓：终身纯洁，忠贞职守，尽力提高护理之标准；勿为有损之事，勿取服或故用有害之药； 慎守病人家务及秘密，竭诚协助医生之诊治，务谋病者之福利。谨誓。

――弗洛伦斯・南丁格尔