他们为何不想学习

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Leading：

不少同学对国外的教育方式羡慕不已，迫切希望能够出国留学。殊不知，美国现在也有不少十几岁的孩子不想学习。他们的老师和父母也一样在想尽各种办法让他们学习。他们不想学习是什么原因呢？

It is a fact that in America most teenagers don’t want to learn. But why？ The truth of this is that most teenagers don’t see the point in learning subjects in school，and that they don’t see how it helps them in their lives. It is sad to see many teenagers choose to play their X-boxes rather than read a book.

Most teachers and parents try every trick in the book to get their teens to read or at the very least，get better grades than C in their final exams. This is very important for them，because their work in school provides a path to their future.

However，few teenagers actually pay attention to this fact. For most teenagers，school is mandatory①. They think history is pointless as it happened a long time ago. They don’t realize that they can learn from the mistakes and experiences of earlier generations. They think math is a waste of time because they can add up using a calculator②. English is also pointless. They care little for their ability to write correct grammar―after all，as long as they can text，it’s fine！ Science is a waste of time―they need to learn how to use drugs，not make them！ And foreign languages！ Well，doesn’t everyone speak English these days？America is a big country―who needs to go abroad even if they could afford it？

So they don’t see the point that all these subjects really will enrich their lives and help them get on. They cannot see what parents and teachers see in terms of importance in school and their education. They see it as a waste of time，or it being too hard because they have to get up early and do extra work to keep up. It is one main reason why teens don’t want to learn in school，which is a major problem that every parent and every teacher has with their teenagers. It can take a long time and a lot of hard work to change this.

Notes：

①mandatory adj. 强制性的

②calculator n. 计算器

1. The text mainly tells us ________.

A. why teenagers show no interest in learning

B. how to trick the teenager into learning

C. the importance of learning all the subjects

D. major problems that parents and teachers have

2. According to the author，why do most teenagers not want to learn？

A. Because all the subjects are too hard for them.

B. Because they are busy with computer games.

C. Because teachers and parents don’t help them.

D. Because they can’t see the meaning of learning.

3. We learn from the text that ________.

A. teenagers know nothing about the history of America

B. most teenagers in America can’t afford to go abroad

C. using drugs is a problem among American teenagers

D. math is not an important subject in American schools

4. The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to the fact that ________.

A. teens don’t want to learn

B. teens hate to get up early

C. teens don’t understand their parents

D. teens get better grades in school

答案与解析

1. 答案为A。主旨大意题。从文章的主题句（第一句）可以看出，美国十几岁的孩子不想学习，下文介绍他们不想学习的原因，因此答案选A。B项是在孩子不想学习时父母的做法，不是文章的主旨。

2. 答案为D。细节理解题。根据文中第一段的第三句“The truth of this is that most teenagers don’t see the point in learning subjects in school，and that they don’t see how it helps them in their lives”，可知孩子们不知道学习的意义，所以不想学习。

3. 答案为C。推理判断题。根据文中第三段的倒数第四句“Science is a waste of time―they need to learn how to use drugs，not make them”，可知孩子们需要学习怎样使用药品，而不是怎样生产药品。

4. 答案为A。词义猜测题。根据文章的第四段，可知孩子们不想学习的原因较多，要改变这种状况需要很长时间和艰苦努力。因此，this 指代孩子们不想学习。

【长难句分析】

1. They cannot see what parents and teachers see in terms of importance in school and their education.

句意：他们不明白，对于他们在学校学习的重要性和他们受教育的情况，他们的父母和老师理解到什么程度。

分析：本句是一个复合句，主句为they cannot see，从句为what parents and teachers see in terms of importance in school and their education。从句是由what引导的宾语从句，其中what作see的宾语。

2. It is one main reason why teens don’t want to learn in school，which is a major problem that every parent and every teacher has with their teenagers.

句意：这就是青少年不想在学校学习的一个主要原因，同时也是困扰每一位家长和老师的一个主要问题。

分析：本句是一个复合句，主句为it is one main reason，从句可分为三部分：从句①why引导的定语从句，先行词为reason；从句②which is a major problem 是由which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代why teens don’t want to learn in school，在从句中作主语；从句③every parent and every teacher has with their teenagers是由that引导的定语从句，先行词problem 在从句中作has 的宾语。

【语法点拨】

It is a fact that in America most teenagers don’t want to learn.

句意：在美国，大多数学生不愿意学习是一个事实。

分析：本句是含有主语从句的复合句。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that in America most teenagers don’t want to learn。从句中不缺成分，也没有“是否”的意思，所以用that引导，that 不能省略。由于that 引导的从句较长，主句谓语动词较短，所以用it作形式主语，真正的主语后置，以避免句子头重脚轻。

类似的主语从句还有：It+be+形容词（obvious/true/natural/surprising/good/wonderful/funny/possible/likely/certain/probable）+ that从句。

It+be+名词词组（no wonder / an honor / a good thing / a pity / no surprise）+ that从句。

It+ be+过去分词（said / reported / thought / expected / decided / announced / arranged）+ that从句。

It + doesn’t matter （makes no difference）+ 连接代词或连接副词+从句。（责任编校 彭益）