期期有惊喜,年年猜中题(4)

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2013年高考英语浙江卷第3题（答案为D）：

I ______ myself more — it was a perfect day. （2013浙江卷）

A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed

C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed

周贞雄老师发表于2009 年第1 期《第二课堂》的《“could+have+过去分词”的十种用法》例句：

I couldn’t have enjoyed myself more — it was a perfect day.

我玩得没法再痛快了——这一天简直痛快极了。

很显然，若将2013年高考英语浙江卷第3题的正确选项填入句中，则与本刊中的例句100%相同（注意不是99.99%相同）！

“could+have+过去分词”的用法比较复杂，但归纳起来，重要的有五种：

1. 表示“（过去）可能……”“可能已经……”

We knew he couldn’t have paid for it， because he had no money. 我们知道不可能是他付了这笔钱，因为他没钱。

Our blood ran cold at the thought of how easily we could have been killed. 一想到我们当时很容易就会被杀掉，我们就吓得浑身冰凉。

2. 表示“本来可能……”

It’s difficult enough， but it could have been worse. 这事情够困难的了，但本来可能会更糟的呢。

3. 表示“本来可以……”

She could have made the sandwich herself； her mum needn’t have bothered to do anything. 她本来可以自己做三明治的，她妈妈原本不必费心做任何事情。

4. 表示“本来应该……”

You could have fetched me from the airport and saved me the inconvenience of having to take the bus！ 你本来应该去机场接我，省得我坐公共汽车这么不方便！

5. 表示“本来想……”

I could have given you some hints， but I suppose you thought yourself too grand. 我本想给你点提示的，但是我认为你太自负了。

以下原创考题均涉及“could+完成式”（答案均为B）：

1. I ______ the game but decided to let her win.

A. could win B. could have won

C. must win D. must have won

2. His hand brushed against hers； it ______ either accidental or deliberate.

A. could be B. could have been C. need be D. need have been

3. In the example mentioned above， either method of construction ______ .

A. could be used B. could have been used

C. can be used D. can have been used

4. You ______ me — why did you just sit and watch？

A. could help B. could have helped C. may help D. may have helped

5. —She stood in a queue to get an underground ticket.

—But she needn’t have stood in a queue. She ______ a ticket from the machine.

A. could get B. could have got C. will get D. will have got