首页 > 范文大全 > 正文

黔东南剑河苗族水鼓舞考察

开篇:润墨网以专业的文秘视角,为您筛选了一篇黔东南剑河苗族水鼓舞考察范文,如需获取更多写作素材,在线客服老师一对一协助。欢迎您的阅读与分享!

摘 要:民族舞蹈与传统体育有着密切的联系,水鼓舞是苗族宗教祭祀、农耕文明的文化积淀,具有鲜明的教育价值、文化价值、交往价值与符号价值。社会文明的发展导致水鼓舞价值功能、文化品位和参与群体也发生了相应的变化。作为村落性的体育活动,水鼓舞对少数民族村落体育发展有重要启示:少数民族村落体育应该尽量在不改变活动时间、服装道具、仪式过程及参与人员本土化的基础上保持民族文化的原生态与多样性,打造品牌、形成特色,发挥行政职能部门与重要传人的影响力,并在保持民族文化原生态的基础上进行适当的旅游与无形资产开发,以促进生产力发展。

关 键 词:民族传统体育;水鼓舞;少数民族村落体育;文化变迁;黔东南

中图分类号:G852 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2012)05-0130-05

An investigation of water drum dance performed by people of the

Miao nationality at Jianhe in southeast Guizhou

QU Zhi-bin1,YU Hai-hao2

(1.School of Physical Education,Qiannan Normal College for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,China;

2.Department of Physical Education,Guiyang College of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Guiyang 550002,China)

Abstract: National dances are closely related to traditional sports. Water drum dance is a cultural legacy inherited from religious sacrificial and farming civilization of people of the Miao nationality, provided with distinct educational value, cultural value, communicative value and symbolic value. The development of social civilization has resulted in the corresponding changing of the valuable functions, cultural qualities and participating groups of water drum dance. As a village sport, water drum dance has important inspirations to the development of minority national village sports: for the development of minority national village sports, the primitive conditions and diversity of national cultures should be maintained on the basis of trying not to change activity times, costumes and props, ritual processes and participant localization, while brand building, feature formation, the exertion of the influence of administrative functional departments and important inheritors, and the appropriate development of tourism and intangible assets on the basis of maintaining the primitive conditions of national cultures, should be carried out, so as to boost the development of productivity.

Key words: traditional national sports;water drum dance;minority national village sports;cultural transition;southeast Guizhou

少数民族传统体育是少数民族村落文化生活的重要组成,并在现代社会依然得以传承。在一定程度上村落力量对于少数民族传统体育的传承与发展有重要的理论与实践意义。据2000年第5次全国人口普查统计数据表明:苗族是贵州人口最多的少数民族(368.69万人,占贵州少数民族总人口的32.8%),苗族与布依族、水族、侗族、毛南族、仡佬族等世居少数民族在生存环境、民族文化与生活习性上有很多相似之处。通过对苗族典型村落体育发展模式的研究可以反映贵州少数民族村落体育的发展特征,可以给贵州少数民族村落体育发展研究提供一定的范式。

艺术社会学奠基人格罗塞[1]认为:“竞技、舞蹈、游戏、宗教、诗歌和音乐共同构成了一个自然整体。”民族舞蹈与传统体育处于混沌不分状态,只有在科学、客观的基础上对其进行辨别,才能寻找民族舞蹈在传统体育领域内的坐标。吴萍等[2]从运动负荷与动作结构方面论述了黔东南苗族水鼓舞的体育功能;刘礼国等[3]从传统体育习惯法角度阐述了水鼓舞等流传于黔东南苗族、侗族的传统体育的仪式过程、活动禁忌与规则、奖惩制度等。基于前人的研究,课题组于2010年7月17日至19日、2011年7月5日至7日两次赴黔东南苗族、侗族自治州剑河县革东镇大稿午村,对苗族鼓舞进行实地考察,了解水鼓舞的口碑传说、活动过程,并结合相关文献分析水鼓舞的历史成因与变迁轨迹,从个案研究角度对少数民族村落体育发展做一些理论思考。