构建读写任务基本写作模式

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1． 基本写作模式

读写任务基本写作模式是否形成往往与学生的写作得分率成正比。因此，在高三的英语写作教学和备考中，帮助学生创建相关的模式是十分必要的。读写任务写作主要是议论文，可以在教学和训练中直接输入一些语篇模式(主题句——扩展句l —— 扩展句2——扩展N——结尾句)或帮助学生创建各类题型的基本模式。只要通过一定时间的练习，这些模式就成为学生自己的套路，在有需要的时候可以随时被激活。下面是读写任务较为常见的基本模式：

1)话题作文

Nowadays, there are more and more It is estimated that

Why have there been so many

? Maybe the reason can be listed as follows. The first one is . Besides, . The third one is

To sum up, the main cause of

s due to . It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, . On the other hand,

. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of .

2)对立观点

The topic of is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is . They hold their view for the reason of . What’s more, .

While others think B is a better choice. Firstly, Secondly, .

From my point of view, I think

. The reason is that . As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.

3)解释现象

Recently, what amazes us most is , it is true that .

The main reason is . What is more, . The last but not least, . As a result, .

In my opinion, . For one thing, . For another, .

4)阐述主题

In my opinion, , the good old proverb reminds us that .

Indeed, we can learn many things from it. First of all, . Secondly, . Another case is that . Furthermore,

If I , I will .

5)解决方法

In recent days, we have to face the problem , which is becoming more and more serious. Firstly, . Secondly,

In this situation, we should take some measures to deal with the situation. For one thing, For another

Finally, .

Personally, I believe that . Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is waiting for us because .

6)说明利弊

Nowadays many people prefer

because it has an important role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First, . Besides, .

However, every coin has two sides. The disadvantages are also clear. One of the important disadvantages is that . To make matters worse, .

Personally, I believe that . Therefore, I would like to .

2． 衔接手段系统化

衔接是构成连贯语篇的必要条件。只有恰当运用好衔接手段，才能使所写的英语作文清晰、流畅。对于英语衔接手段，高三的学生有一定的了解，但要使他们对其全面了解、运用自如，则需教师在课堂与他们共同加以系统化：

1)表并列：besides，in addition，what’s more，moreover, or, and，also，too，as well as…等。

2)表转折：however，nevertheless，yet...

3)表原因：because of, thanks to，owing to...

4)表结果：thus，therefore，as a result...

5)表列举：namely, for example，for instance，that is to say...

6)表结论：to conclude，in a word，in brief．．．

7)表时间顺序：firstly，secondly，then，soon，finally, at last...

8)表空间顺序：here，there，in front of, at the back of, next to，on one side．．，on the other side...

9)表对称关系：for one thing，for the other thing，on one hand，on the other hand．．．

在系统化之后进行反复的练习，这样衔接手段的表达方法便自然而然成为学生已有的模式。