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英语漫画写作训练例探

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一、引言

新课程标准“强调课程从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发,倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径,发展学生的综合语言运用能力,使语言学习的过程成为学生形成积极的情感态度、主动思维和大胆实践、提高跨文化意识和自主学习能力的过程”。因此,在英语教学中要着眼于发展学生的语言知识、语言技能、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识这五个方面的素养,以学生为本,使其发挥主观能动性,积极地开动脑筋,创造性地进行语言学习和运用;以语言交流的真实性为基础,营造和谐积极的学习氛围,使学生从语言运用能力上真正得以提高。下面以笔者的一节书面表达课为例,对这节课的教学流程进行案例分析,阐述如何联系现实,挖掘身边的材料,调动学生的兴趣,在探索、交流与合作的学习方式下提高语言的综合运用能力。

二、教学内容分析

本节课是一节漫画写作课。该漫画取材于网络,幽默、生动而又深刻。漫画的主要内容是唐僧师徒四人在西天取经回来的路上途经一条河流,由于污染严重,河水恶臭无比,熏得唐僧晕过去了。醒来时,唐僧感叹,“污染猛于妖精啊!”该漫画旨在警告人们当前污染日益严重,人类的生存环境日趋恶化,号召人们要“低碳”生活,减少污染,改善生存环境。

三、教学微格目标

(一)知识技能

①通过本课的学习掌握有关减少污染,实现“低碳”生活,改善生存环境的语言表达的正确形式。

②学习并掌握漫画写作的基本结构,能够运用描述图片、阐释图片和表达自己观点的常用句式。

(二)情感态度

①通过播放flash和展示图片,让学生了解当前污染的严重性,树立起“低碳”生活的意识。

②通过讨论,让学生明白“低碳生活,从我做起”的方式。

(三)学习策略

引导学生通过自主探究、交流合作的方式,弄清漫画写作的基本模式、漫画中记事写作的基本要素,如何将漫画与现实联系挖掘漫画的深层含义。

教学方法:探究式、任务式、互动式

教学手段:多媒体计算机系统、投影仪

四、教学过程:

Step 1 Lead-in.

Play a flash for the students and ask them what they can see from the flash.

(With the development of agriculture and industry,people live more comfortablyand conveniently,while on the other hand,the earth is being damaged more and moreseriously.)

What does the flash encourage us to do?

(The flash encourages us to reduce energy-consumption,emission and pollution to live a low-carbon life.)

通过这一环节的设计,让学生明白污染极其严重,我们的地球母亲已不堪重负。只有“低能耗,低排放,低污染”才能改善我们的生存环境。

Step 2 Presentation.

Present the cartoon on the screen.Tell the students after the journey to the West,Sun Wu kong together with his master and brothers is on their way back to Tang Empire.However,something unexpected happened…Today,let's write a composition about this cartoon.

漫画的展示说明了污染相当严重,连圣人唐僧也难免其害。生动幽默的漫画引起了学生们的兴趣。

Step 3 Writing guidance.

Task 1 Discussion about the structure of writing about cartoons.

Use three questions to guide the students to discuss how to write about cartoons.①Do you know how to write about cartoons?②How many parts do you think the composition about cartoons is often made up of?③What are they?

First ask the students to discuss it in groups and then give them chances to exchange their ideas.Finally tell them writing about cartoons always consists of three parts:describe the cartoon,interpret the cartoon,and express personal opinions.

经过讨论发现学生容易说出头尾两部分,即描述图片和阐明自己的观点,而他们往往会忽视中间一部分,这时教师可以这样启发学生:What do we use cartoonsfor?这时,有学生举手回答:We often use cartoons to reflect the problems in our real life because cartoons are more vivid and profound than words.经过这一环节,这时教师可以顺势作出归纳:Good!That is to say we should connect cartoons with real life to reveal the reason behind the fact.So in the second we should interpret the cartoons.至此,学生对漫画式书面表达的基本结构已经清楚了,接下来,教师就一步步地引导他们如何开头、衔接以及表达个人观点了。

Task 2 How to describe a cartoon.

Ask the students what expressions we can use to start the description.Give themone minute to prepare it.After that,invite the students to express their ideas freely.(①The picture is talking about…②The picture shows a common phenomenon…③

The picture describes an interesting phenomenon…(④From the picture we can seethat…)

这时,教师可再作些补充,如:As is vividly shown in the picture…

Practice:Describe this cartoon

What elements should we include when describe a thing?(5Ws and 1H)

Remember not all the elements should be covered each time.Here.“who andwhat”are important and“when and where”can be mentioned too.Encourage the stu-dents to discuss the information about“who,what,when and where”?Finally invitesome students to describe this cartoon completely.

Task 3 How to interpret a picture.

Ask the students to think about the expressions to start the interpretation.

这项任务对于学生来说比较有难度,这时,教师可以举个例子给学生作个示范。如:It seems very ridiculous that…However,this kind of story is performed ev-ererywhere in our daily life.

示范之后,让学生讨论看看还可以用哪些表达形式。学生们的答案如下:①The picture shows that…It is the exact reflection of…(②The picture indicates that…Nowadays it is a common phenomenon that…

Practice:Interpret this picture.

Now let's think what problems does this picture reflect?And what do you think isthe reason for the problem?

直接让学生阐释漫画与现实的联系是比较困难的,通过以上两个问题的讨论,对学生阐释图片作了很好的铺垫。

Task 3 How to give personal opinions.

由于在以前的书面表达中也经常需要表达个人观点,这项任务对学生较容易,学生纷纷抢着回答:In my opinion,…/As far as I'm concerned,…/Personally,…/From my point of view,…/As for me,…

Step 4 Writing tips.

Before writing,give some writing tips to the students.First,ask the students tocompare some examples.After that,get the students to draw conclusions about whatmakes a good composition.

Step 5 Writing.

Give the students 10 minutes to finish the writing.During this period.teacher cangive them some help if asked.

Step 6 Presentation & Evaluation.

Ask some students to present their compositions on the screen.After each presen-taion.encourage the students to evaluate the compositions.

Step 7 Summary & Homework.

五、教学反思:

1、本节课利用了课本以外的网络资源,flash短片和漫画符合当前形势,符合学生的心理特点,两者的运用激发了学生参与课题活动的热情。

2、本节课是对传统书面表达教学模式的一次革新,打破了以往“分析思路一写作一纠错一背诵范文”的模式。课前的精心准备,多媒体课件的制作,保证了课堂效率的极大提高;整节课的设计层层推进,环环相扣,结构流畅,便于学生掌握和复习本节课的内容。

3、本课以任务型为教学原则,每一个任务都是围绕学习者的“学”来设计的,可操作性强,学生通过完成具体的任务来学习、积累并运用语言,享受到了成功学习的喜悦;教师打破了“一言堂”的格局,成为学生学习的组织者、促进者和帮助者,为学生的学创设了良好的教学环境。

4、在引导学生完成任务时,教师始终注意“i+1”的教学原则,寻找学生的“最近发展区”,帮助他们把复杂的任务分解,为他们完成较难的任务搭起“支架”,使得学生根据已有的知识去主动探究,把语言运用能力从一个水平推到另一个更高一点的水平。

5、在学生完成任务遇到困难时,教师鼓励他们小组交流与合作,围绕某一问题展开讨论,培养他们合作探究的意识和能力。

6、然而,这节课也有以下几方面有待改进:学生犯错时不要急于纠正以保证他们参与活动的热情:把握讨论时间,为最后展示更多学生的习作赢得时间;合理分配小组,使每组中包含各个层次的学生,更好地起到相互帮助的作用。

总之,本课以学生为主体,任务型教学为主线,合作探究为教学原则,以多媒体为教学手段,突出教学的高效性和实用性,较好地完成了预期的教学目标。