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瑞安市莘塍镇民办的历史文化名人叶适纪念馆，自2003年7月开馆以来，如今已名扬省内外。继香港凤凰中文卫视采访之后，2006年10月下旬中央电视台又派记者到馆拍摄。这座纪念馆参观者踊跃，馆内馆外常常人头攒动，观众反映说：“民力办馆，多么兴旺！”

洛川河上矗起叶适大楼

瑞安地处浙南，民间文化土壤极为深厚，古来文风鼎盛，史称“东南小邹鲁”，历代圣贤辈出，至南宋更出了个著名的唯物主义思想家、文学家、政治家，兵部、工部侍郎、宝文阁待制、永嘉学派代表人物叶适。

叶适1150年出生于浙江瑞安县城南门望江桥（后称水心街）。他晚年潜心著述，聚徒讲学，主张事功学说，倡导务实创新，通商惠工，反对空谈，由于“响应者日众”，遂和朱熹的道学、陆九渊的心学鼎足为三，对于浙闽的工商经济发展，尤其是后世温州模式经济的繁荣影响至深。其直系子孙从20代起至今传承到26代计有万余人，这些后代如今有一半聚居莘塍镇直洛河两岸的星火、和平与金星几个村落。特别是洛川叶氏家族，秉承先祖的“扶持商贾”、“不以义抑利”的事功旨意，乘上改革开放的春风学先贤，干大事，办企业，以胆识与技能闯市场，“恋乡不守土，敢冒知进退，自信不自满，重利不守财”，很快地致富，并带动莘塍全镇迅猛发展，因而在全省经济强镇中占据了一席之地！

莘塍富了，一向以“耕读传家”为立家之本的叶氏子孙将何去何从，今后究竟该走哪条路？这个严肃课题，摆到了叶适的第26代孙、温州车舟汽车部件有限公司董事长叶辅忠先生的面前。真是无巧不成书，正当叶辅忠严肃思考这个课题之时，中国社会科学院等单位在温州联合举办“纪念叶适诞辰850周年暨永嘉学派国际学术研讨会”，会上100多位国内外著名专家学者对叶适的哲学思想及其历史价值和对其事功学说，涉及温州蓬勃的商贾文化底蕴和影响浸润名震中外的温州模式，进行剖析及高度的评价，会后光明日报出版社选编出版了《叶适与永嘉学派论集》，叶适入选温州、瑞安十大历史文化名人之列。祖先成了历史文化名人，叶适子孙们奔走相告，并在传递喜讯中商讨如何传承祖先的遗愿，叶辅忠、叶文清、叶伟东等人对此先后心中一亮：我们叶氏子孙，富裕之后，一方面理当走正道，办正事，以争取更加勤劳更加富裕，做叶适的好后代，一方面也得出钱出力为这位青史耀人的先贤树碑、立传、建馆，以优秀的中华传统文化激励后人爱乡爱国。叶辅忠等几十号人夜以继日进行考察筹资：叶辅忠带头捐8万元，叶伟东捐4万元，尤小平捐3万元，全村众多村民也纷纷解囊，踊跃捐资，捐资数目很快达到200多万元。叶适后裔、国家一级注册设计师叶耀松慨然承担了叶适纪念馆的义务设计，叶氏后裔的女婿、瑞安建筑公司项目经理蔡金普主动承担打桩施工的艰难任务。从6月10日开工打桩至12月19日上梁封顶，工地上车水马龙，热火朝天。叶氏后裔及周边村民送水递茶，运泥挑沙，热闹非凡，男女老少3000多人次参加了义务劳动，其中最年长的已达87岁高龄。

从创意、规划、筹资、建造、布展和运作，除镇政府奖励20万元之外，全靠民办力量，在短短两年时间里，一座高达6层、面积980平方米的叶适大楼就巍然矗立在洛川河上。

创建一个新型民间纪念馆

叶适纪念馆当家人由民众公选产生，馆长叶辅忠颇具现代意识，副馆长叶文清富有活力和激情，他俩不负众望，顶住陈旧的舆论压力，坚决摒弃传统宗祠与庙宇的落后旧习，决心将它办成全省一流的民间名人纪念馆。

在空间设计上，六层大楼开阔敞亮，不同于传统祠堂庙宇低矮封闭暗淡的格式；在瞻仰方式上，避开了烧香点蜡旧式祭拜，也不刻意宣传学而优则仕或叶氏先祖的官禄秩级，而用现代文明意识，弘扬先人造福百姓的优秀文化精神，以传播科学发展的和谐理念；在内容的布展上，精心筛选了300多幅图片文物配以翔实的文字介绍叶适生平与学说，以叶适爱国、抗金、惠民、兴利除弊、兴办教育及潜心著述为主线，突出他的“经世名臣”生平业绩和他作为“有理论、有纲领、有事功、有理想的政治家和思想家”的纲领要点及对后世的深远影响。

作者有幸在纪念馆看到叶适晚年辞官后花16年心血凝成的《习学记言序目》50卷本，看到他议论风生、自成一家的散文和“早已精严，晚尤高远”的长短诗词，看到他主张功利、改革内政、扶商贾而惠农工等在南宋思想界高举爱国主义、功利主义及反唯心理学的三面旗帜，心中引起了强烈共鸣。

叶适纪念馆开馆之后，全年实行免费开放，接待经费用“以商养馆”的民间模式解决，纪念馆将底层辟出三大间铺面让给后裔兴办“好上好”服装超市，让其每年上交办馆经费。

两年多来，该馆吸引了4.5万市民尤其是中小学师生来馆参观，瑞安十几所重点中小学与纪念馆签约，确定叶适纪念馆为学生思想道德教育基地，瑞安市委宣传部、温州市文明办不但把它列为青少年爱国主义教育实践基地，且连年授予它先进或优秀纪念馆的光荣称号。纪念馆的先进办馆理念吸引了众多新闻媒体的关注，其开拓创新的运作手法还被《人民日报》《光明日报》等众多媒体报道。

公益延伸子孙再谱新篇

叶适纪念馆除了坚持“公益”和无偿服务外，还面向社会，助推乡风文明。3年来，他们敞门迎客，尽心服务。每天东方泛白，许多晨练的男女老少纷纷入馆参观浏览，并在馆里歇脚休憩；中午当有些老人小休之时，恰是晏起的青年男女来馆看画学书的好时机；下午三四点钟小学放学，这里又成了孩子们背古训、抄格言、读诗词的乐园。纪念馆还为学生无偿提供学习资料和钻研的课题，为教师提供备课线索。把企业全托给儿子管理、自己一心扑在纪念馆的叶辅忠感慨地说：“你别小看这参观的数字。每来一个村民、一个青少年，就是一次中华传统优秀文化的洗礼，也是一种境界的提升。我们无偿服务，希望吸引更多的人追求科学与文明，离开赌桌与庙宇。”

2004年，叶辅忠想到馆处农村信息不畅，难以每天给村民和外来务工人员提供新鲜的精神食粮，便与叶伟东筹资3万多元，在馆外建起30多米长的两个漂亮阅报栏，并装上明亮的电灯。从此，馆里长年订阅从中央到本市的多种报纸刊物和图文资料。朝朝夕夕，阅报栏前多了好学者、凝思者，而管理员则加重了每早扫除、换报的辛劳。

扩办阅报栏受欢迎触发了叶伟东，尽管他经营经纬气动液压元件公司事务繁忙，但他对传承民族文化情有独钟，又捐资创建了叶适纪念馆网站，不断输入叶适生平业绩资料和介绍国内外研究叶适学说动态，吸引了很多传统文化爱好者上网点击，纪念馆从此长上现代信息化的双翼。

后来叶辅忠听到各地图书馆及学校缺少叶适与永嘉学派的典籍图书，缺少最新的研究成果，他又下决心筹资10万元重版了《叶适传》《叶适与永嘉学派》及《叶适年谱》三种书籍分赠温州各地图书馆、档案馆及中学。瑞安市教育局局长叶耀国赞叹：“自己出钱出力为教育服务，叶适纪念馆真是做到家了。”

为了弘扬叶适帮贫助弱的仁爱亮点，叶辅忠、叶伟东等人更是热心于慈善事业。这两年除多次发动帮助遭受火灾、大病的困难村民，还设立叶氏子孙奖学制度，开展70岁以上老人敬老慰问及免费体检活动，并筹款为老人免费做白内障手术，三年中凡叶氏子弟考上大学本科以上的，都奖给1000元红包。2006年星火、和平、董田三个村单单考上硕士研究生的就有4人，本科大学第一批录取9人，纪念馆全部给他们发了奖金。叶适纪念馆如今成了市、镇的“金名片”。最近纪念馆还积极筹办电影放映室、筹建流动电影放映队，进一步扩大科普宣传。叶辅忠馆长雄心勃勃地说：“接下来我们还打算筹建叶适教育专项基金，并计划明后年举办‘叶适思想和温州模式的创新国际论坛’，让‘温州学’辐射世界。”

叶氏子孙遍及海内外，希望名流学者见到此文后，惠赐丹青墨宝， 以便纪念馆珍藏扩容。

（本文摄影 叶伟东）

Memorial in Honor of Scholar

By Zhang Yi

The Ye family in Rui’an in southern Zhejiang Province has every reason to build a memorial to honor Ye Shi, their common ancestor in the 12th century. Ye Shi, born in 1150, is not just an ancestor. He was an educator, literary master, high-ranking government official and thinker. He was also a representative figure of the Yongjia School, a group of pioneering academicians who put forward pro-business thoughts in the spirit of down-to-earth pragmatism more than 800 years ago. This might sound nothing to write home about, but it was somehow quite rare in the feudal China where business was belittled for thousands of years. Today, many theorists attribute Ye and his colleagues’ nine-century-old thought as the most important ideological input to the province’s miraculously flourishing private business sector in the last twenty years.

The Ye family is not just an ordinary family in Rui’an. If Ye Shi is counted as the patriarch, his descendents in Rui’an are of the 26th generation. Today the family has more than 10,000 people and half of them live in a number of villages between the Luo River and Shencheng Town, one of the province’s top towns with a prosperous local economy.

In 2001, the China Academy of Social Sciences and other organizations held an international forum in Wenzhou in commemoration of the 850th anniversary of Ye Shi and the Yongjia School. Over 100 scholars from home and abroad attended the forum and discussed Ye’s theories and his influence on today’s Wenzhou Mode which has made significant and exemplary contribution to the economic development in the nation’s modernization drive during the last two decades. After the event, Guangming Daily, a national newspaper that focuses on science, culture and education, published the select works of Ye and Yongjia School. On another occasion, Ye was selected as one of the top ten historical celebrities of Wenzhou origin.

The Ye family was happy after learning the good news about their ancestor. Ye Fuzhong, a local business owner, proposed to have a memorial built in the honor of the patriarch and donated 80,000 yuan. His proposal received warm responses within the large family in the village of Luochuan, where the Ye family is a leading clan and a leading force in the economic takeoff of Shencheng Town. Donations flooded in and soon amounted to over 2 million. The construction work kicked off on June 10, 2001 and the roof was sealed on December 19, 2001. During the period, villagers including children and elderly people worked voluntarily for the project. People from neighboring villages also came over to help.

In July 2003, the six-story 980-square-meter Ye Shi Memorial was open to public.

The memorial is not an ancestral temple. There is no altar for memorial ceremonies. The memorial is not designed to focus on the official titles and academic honors Ye Shi had more than 800 years ago. It focuses on his cultural heritage and promotes development of science and concept of harmony. Over 300 paintings and illustrations and other exhibits are totally devoted to Ye Shi’s patriotism, his fight against the northern invaders, his life achievements in disseminating knowledge, pursuing truth, adopting measures to help people, etc.

Part of the ground floor is rented out to business and the rental income is used as the administrative fund. The memorial charges no fees for visiting. Since the opening up to public, 45,000 residents and school students have visited the memorial. The memorial also provides free services to all the villagers who can visit it during daytime. Actually it is like a public center accessed by all the villagers. In 2004, Ye Fuzhong and Ye Weidong raised 30,000 yuan to set up a newspaper gallery outside the memorial, providing an information space for villagers and immigrant workers. The memorial subscribes to many newspapers and magazines for readers. Ye Weidong, a business owner, raised money and set up a website on Ye Shi for netizens to visit. The website not only exhibits Ye Shi’s life but also inputs latest research results on the scholar and his thoughts.

Ye Fuzhong raised 100,000 yuan and had three books on Ye Shi and Yongjia School reprinted and distributed the reprinted copies free of charge to libraries, government archives, and middle schools across Wenzhou.

The descendents of Ye Shi have practiced the ideas of their patriarch so successfully for the first time in the history. Now with the memorial built, they are striving to keep the ancestor’s ideas alive and carry them on to the future.

(Translated by David)