M5-M8 知识盘点
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Module 5
in addition 加上，又，另外
wipe out 消灭
lay the table 摆放餐具准备用餐
as far as...be concerned 就……而言
figure out弄懂，弄明白，想出办法
run for 竞选
run after追赶，追逐
culture shock文化冲击
future shock未来冲击
shocked 感到震惊
shocking令人震惊
leave an impression on 给……留下……印象
decrease (in sth.) 减少；降低
Student numbers have decreased by 500.
clothes made to measure 订做的衣服
pick out选出，拣出
pick up 拈起，学会，收听到，搭载，康复
raise money 募捐/raise a question 提问题/raise cattle 养牛
endanger v. 危及，危害
endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的
forbid sb. to do禁止某人干某事
forbid doing禁止干某事
depend on 依靠，依赖
be desperate for = be desperate to
of one’s own (某人) 自己的＝one’s own
on one’s own 单独地，独自地
do benefit to 对……有益
be of benefit to somebody 对……有益或有帮助
for the benefit of 为了……的利益
interfere with (短语动词) 干扰，影响 (指不利影响)
use up 用完，耗尽
on a...note 从……角度来说，以……口气说
figure out 理解，弄明白，演算出
follow (in) one’s footsteps 步某人的后尘，继承某人的事业或传统
in favor of意思是“赞同，支持”
spell disaster/trouble, etc. 引起 (造成、招致) 灾难、麻烦等
turn out 结果是，结果证明
【相关练习】
一、用所给词汇的适当形式填空
1. The floor requires (wash).
2. He could do nothing but (go) out for a walk alone.
3. I have never heard a single word (speak) in French.
4. Not all children had a chance (go) to school at that time.
5. The book (lie) on the table doesn’t belong to me.
6. They are practicing (sing) the new song.
7. I feel like (tell) him what I think of him.
8. We’d better keep a secret of the things (discuss) here now.
9. Hurry up! Mother is sure to (wait for) us at home.
10. Do you think the situation (encourage)?
11. The Giant Panda is known as the (nation) treasure of China.
12. How can I get the (dirty) off the walls?
13. You heard nothing (concern) this matter, did you?
14. A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every camper’s (equip).
15. You should employ a variety of (technical) in the test.
二、动词填空
1. The cloning technology, (intend) to cure some diseases, is sometimes misused.
2. “Can’t you read?” said the man angrily (point) to the sign on the wall.
3. It’s a tragedy that man doesn’t realize that they (use up) the limited natural resources.
4. (boil) eggs are more beneficial to health than (fry) ones.
5. With great efforts (focus) on the conservation project, the number of pandas is steadily increasing.
6. The man (arrest) for stealing proved to be ill mentally.
7. (establish) in the 1780s, this university is now one of the oldest in the US.
8. (observe) the problem for many years, he announced that we are now facing the biggest environmental problem.
9. (prepare) fully, we can achieve great things.
10. He kept his tortoise (hide) in a blanket.
11. The first textbooks (write) for teaching English in China came out in the 16th century.
12. Most of the guests (invite) to the party were from South Africa.
13. The computer center, (open) last year, is intended to teach those who don’t know much about the computer.
14. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself (hear).
15. With trees and flowers (plant) everywhere, my hometown has taken on a new look.
16. Jim was shocked to notice her hair (cut) short when Della returned home.
17. (leave) alone, the baby began to cry.
18. (clone) from ancell, Dolly the sheep looks exactly the same as her “mother” sheep.
19. Most beginners will take up a book, (determine) to master every word of it, only to give it up in the end.
20. “Must you make so much noise? You’re in the theatre.” said the man in an (irritate) voice.
【参考答案】
一、用所给词汇的适当形式填空
1. washing/to be washed2. go3. spoken4. to go5. lying6. singing
7. telling8. being discussed9. be waiting for10. encouraging
11. national12. dirt13. concerning14. equipment15. techniques
二、动词填空
1. intended2. pointing3. are using up4. boiled; fried5. focused6. arrested7. Established
8. Having observed9. Prepared10. hidden11. written12. invited13. opened14. heard
15. planted16. cut17. Left18. Cloned19. determined20. irritated
Module 6
1. make fun of... 开……的玩笑，嘲笑……
It is fun to do sth. 做某事有趣
What fun it is to do sth.！ 做某事多有趣啊！
2. in response to 对……做出反应
3. award/prize/reward
(1) award 意为“奖，奖品”， 指对于优异成绩或卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励，可以是精神的，也可以是物质的，常用于奖项名称。
(2) prize意为“奖赏，奖品”，多指确认某人在竞赛中获得的优异成绩并给予特殊的奖励。
(3) reward意为“报答，酬劳”，并不指某种荣誉，而指应得的报酬；也可以做动词表示“给人以报酬、奖赏”。
4. live/alive/living/lively
live adj. “活着的、活生生的、栩栩如生的”(与dead相对应)，只能作定语 (指动物)，另外还有“现场直播的”意思。(反义词recorded“录制的，转播的”)
alive adj.“活着的，健在的”，作表语；作定语需后置。(一般用于人，有时也用于动物)
living adj.“活着的；有生命的”。既可以作定语，也可作表语。“生物”只能译作living things。
lively adj. 生动的，活泼的
5. worthwhile/worth/worthy三个都是形容词，都是“值得的”意思，但所使用的句型不同。
(1) worthwhile 用于下列句型：
It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth. 干某事是值得的
但不能说：sth. is worthwhile doing/to do。
(2) worth 用于下列句型：
sth. is worth sth./doing
此句型中只能用doing， 不能使用被动。 在表达“很值得”时前面加well 修饰。
The museum is certainly worth a visit. = The museum is certainly worth visiting.
这个博物馆的确值得参观。
This idea is well worth considering. 这个想法很值得考虑。
(3) worthy 用于下列句型：
sth. be worthy of sth./being done
sth. be worthy to be done
The film is worthy of being seen. = The film is worthy to be seen. 这部电影值得看。
6. raise price 提高物价
raise one’s hope 唤起希望
raise money 筹款
另外，raise 还可以表示提出问题，如：This book raises many important questions.
rise vi. 不能带宾语，不能用于被动，可以表示“上涨，上升”，还可以表示“起身，起立”， 比如：rise to one’s feet = stand up;又如： Air pollution has risen above an acceptable level. 空气污染已经超标。
7. tear vt. & vi. (tore, torn) 撕扯；撕下；n. 眼泪；泪珠 (常用复数tears)
【相关词组】
tear...down 撕掉；拆毁
tear...into pieces 把……撕成碎片
tear...in two = tear...into halves 把……撕成两半
tear oneself / sb. away from sth./sb. 挣开；拽开；揪走
in tears哭
8. hold out 拿出，伸出；坚持，维持
【相关拓展】
与hold 相关的短语
hold back 阻拦；隐瞒；抑制
hold on (在困境或危险中) 坚持住，挺住； 别挂断，等一下
hold on to 抓紧，不放开； 保留不卖或不送
hold up 举起，支撑；延迟，阻塞
9. adapt to...
1) vi. 适应，适合：Most students have little difficulty adapting to college life.
2) vt. 使适应，使适合：Course can be adapted to the needs of the individual.
3) vt. 改编，改写：adapt sth. from sth.
如：The film is adapted from a Michael Crichton’s novel.
10. go wrong 出毛病，发生故障；变糟，变坏
go 的用法：go 在此处充当系动词，后加形容词做表语，表示变化 (通常是由正常变为不正常，好变成坏) 。
【相关拓展】 go deaf 变聋；go blind 变瞎；go sour 变酸；go pale 变苍白；go mad 变疯；go bad 变质
【相关练习】
一、单词拼写
1. There is a long q of people waiting for buying new houses.
2. The match will be b live on TV this evening. Don’t miss it.
3. The kids were a by my funny drawings and began to laugh.
4. Qi Baishi was an o artist in China. He was very famous.
5. It is well w making the effort to learn how to drive.
6. Everyone was a by the heavy traffic in the city.
7. She t the letter into pieces and walked out quickly.
8. As the s goes, “It is never too old to learn.”
9. He tried to avoid all (身体的) touch.
10. The government’s help was of great importance during the (紧急情况).
11. Considering what he did, I think the punishment was (恰当的).
12. My host family, like other Americans, were so (富有幽默感的) that they often made fun of themselves.
二、用所给短语的正确形式填空
make fun of; in response to; take on; tear down; glare at; hold out; make sense; be supposed to;make room for; dash out; look up; lose weight; follow in the footsteps of; have effects on
1. He was often at school, which deeply hurt him.
2. According to the stage directions, you to stand here, not there.
3. You don’t have to every word you don’t know. Just look at the words around it to see if the sentence .
4. He other famous scientists and tried to make contributions to the important research.
5. He removed the pile of newspaper to books he just bought.
6. They each other and it seemed that a fight would soon happen.
7. Laughter positive people’s health.
8. He his hand to stop a taxi.
9. The building is too old to be safe, so it has to be .
10. The insect can the colors of the background to protect itself.
【参考答案】
一、单词拼写
1. queue2. broadcast/broadcasted3. amused4. outstanding5. worth6. annoyed7. tore8. saying9. physical10. emergency11. appropriate12. humorous
二、用所给短语的正确形式填空
1. made fun of2. are supposed to3. look up; makes sense4. followed in the footsteps of5. make room for6. glared at7. has...effects on8. held out9. torn down 10. take on
Module 7
1. in black and white白纸黑字(即把某事写下来或印出来)；黑白(影片)的in color彩色的/地
2. superior adj. (在职位、权力等方面) 较高的，上级的；优越的；高傲的；不屈服的
be superior to ．．． 比……优越、超过……；不屈服于……、不为……所动
3. access n. 接近、进入、通路；接近 (或进入) 的方法 (或权力、机会等)
have (no) access to ．．． (没有机会或不) 可以使用……
get access to ．．．可以接近、进入……
4. combine ．．． with ．．．使……同……结合；将……同……联系起来
5. electric adj. 电的；发电的；电动的；用电的；导电的
electrical adj. 电的；电气科学的
electronic adj. 电子的
如：an electric fan/blanket 电风扇/电热毯；an electrical engineer 电器工程师
an electronic music 电子乐器
6. apply vi. 请求、申请；有效、有关
【相关短语】
apply for... 申请……
apply to sb. for ... 请求某人 (给予) ……
apply to ... 和……有关；适合……
apply ... to ... 将……应用于……
apply oneself to ... 专心致志于……
7. spring vi. 跳、跃；突然出现；发生、迅速长出
spring up 跳起来；突然出现
8. It’s up to sb. to do ．．． 该由/轮到某人做……
9. pros and cons 赞成者和反对者；正面和反面的理由
10. base vt. 以……为基础；以……为根据
base ．．． on ．．． (be based on ．．．) 根据……；基于……
11. equal adj. 相等的；同等的；平等的
be equal to ... 等于/相当于……；胜任；without equal 无比、无敌
12. previous adj. 先前的；以前的；previous to ．．． 在……之前
【相关练习】
单项填空
1. Heilongjiang Province is north of Liaoning. Harbin, its capital city, lies the Songhuajiang River.
A. to; onB. in the; in
C. 不填; onD. to the; in
2. To fully understand the writer, we must read not only between the lines, but sometimes the lines.
A. withinB. beyond
C. besideD. among
3. He got to the station early, missing his train.
A. in the case ofB. instead of
C. for fear ofD. in search of
4. Although Tom agreed with her on most points, here was one which he was unwilling to give in.
A. onB. in
C. toD. with
5. For holidays, many people visit the Great Barrier Reef the northeast coast of Australia, which has 700 islands.
A. onB. in
C. toD. off
6. As we all know, several primary schools and factories were named the hero.
A. fromB. at
C. afterD. to
7. the weather, the athletic meeting will be held on time.
A. In contrast withB. In relation to
C. On behalf ofD. Regardless of
8. Mr. Johnson starts to work very early in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon a break at midday.
A. withB. for
C. asD. through
9. ―Tang Gonghong is indeed too large, I think.
―But that she is an excellent weightlifting athlete.
A. in addition toB. in spite of
C. thanks toD. owing to
10. I certainly agree your suggestion. But I wonder if all the members of the board will agree the steps for the coming year.
A. to; withB. to; on
C. on; withD. on; on
11. Though this has been written the agreement, it is not protected law.
A. by; inB. in; with
C. in; byD. by; with
12. The better use you can make time, the greater contributions you will make society.
A. in; toB. of; to
C. on; forD. up; for
13. The child was lost in the forest, where he was the mercy of wild beasts.
A. inB. on
C. forD. at
14. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. Instead ofB. Because of
C. But forD. As for
15. Mr. Brown’s anger, it was his own son who didn’t agree with him.
A. ToB. From
C. WithD. For
16. However much , it will be worth it.
A. does the watch costB. costs the watch
C. the watch will costD. the watch costs
17. It was between 1830 and 1835 the modern newspaper was born.
A. howB. that
C. whichD. because
18. ―Have you written these letters?
―No, time to do my other work yet.
A. I have hardly hadB. I hardly have had
C. I have had hardlyD. Hardly I have had
19. Would you be kind as to step this way, please?
A. asB. so
C. veryD. too
20. ―Would you be able to come to the party?
―I .
A. believe itB. don’t expect
C. don’t hope soD. am afraid not
【参考答案】
1―5 CBCCD6―10 CDABB11―15 CBDCA16―20 DBABD
Module 8
1. books in print印刷书
2. have/be nothing to do with与……无关
3. have a place in占有一席之地
4. be lost to the world对世界是损失
5. be set in England以英国为背景
6. be well received受到好评
7. a symbol of danger and uncertainty危险和不确定的象征
8. can hardly/not wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
9. be bent on doing一心想做某事
10. a fancy education 华而不实的教育
11. make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人
12. be abused by受虐待
13. have/earn a reputation for being funny and charming 以风趣和魅力而获得……名声
14. romantic theme浪漫的主题
15. give away the story揭示整个故事
16. be drunk with power醉心于权术
17. exercise control over 控制
18. split up使……分开；分裂
19. be heavily influenced by深受……的影响
20. be anchored in扎根于
21. have a sort of swinging to the music随着音乐摇摆
22. release the very first rock and roll song发行第一首摇滚歌曲
23. be drafted into the army被征召入伍
24. go out on tours外出巡演
25. leave out省略
26. negotiate with...同……进行谈判
27. start from scratch从头开始；白手起家
28. be admitted to Tsinghua University被清华大学录取
29. dip into浸入，浏览
30. have a go试一试
31. in defence of justice维护正义
32. regardless of the consequences不管；不顾后果
【相关练习】
单项填空
1. to train his daughter in English, he put an ad like this in the paper, “, an English teacher for a tenyearold girl.”
A. Determined; Wanted
B. Determined; Wanting
C. Determine; Wanted
D. Determining; Wanting
2. He is English well.
A. bent to learningB. bent on learning
C. bending to learnD. bending on learning
3. Animals suffered at the hands of Man they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.
A. in whichB. for which
C. so thatD. in that
4. These children’s books are so exciting that they into films.
A. deserve to be adapted
B. deserve to adapt
C. deserve adapted
D. deserve to be adapting
5. The performance of the host, to please the audience and draw their attention, with a cold silence, however.
A. had intended; greeted
B. intended; was greeted
C. intending; was greeted
D. intended; greeted
6. ―Why not play the music we listened to yesterday?
―Because it old times.
A. calls onB. calls for
C. calls inD. calls up
7. Having paid off all their , the Smiths are now financial problems.
A. debts; free offB. money; free of
C. debts; free fromD. money; free for
8. He has a (an) career women, thinking women should stay at home.
A. thought aboutB. idea about
C. prejudice againstD. view of
9. Traveling abroad during holidays has been made with people’s income increasing.
A. it was possibleB. it possible
C. possibleD. that possible
10. , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
A. Try as he doesB. As he tries
C. Try as does heD. As he does try
11. Eric is not at the moment. Should I ask him to call you back?
A. invisibleB. available
C. contagiousD. defenseless
12. Without more coal the fire, it would soon go out.
A. added toB. added
C. adding toD. adding up to
13. Psychologists say that our emotions will make us feel better and there is nothing to be ashamed of.
A. relievingB. relaxing
C. releasingD. removing
14. The doctor advised me to live it is warm and a bit humid for the sake of my pneumonia.
A. in whereB. in which
C. the place whereD. where
15. This is a film Zhao Wei, who will as a young widow.
A. starred; be castB. starring; be cast
C. to star; castD. starring; cast
16. Their parents passed away in World War Ⅱ, leaving them a lot of debts. However, they up a company and paid off all the debts.
A. could buildB. managed in building
C. were able to buildD. succeeded to build
17. I made of Mary at a party last year, and since then we have kept in touch with each other.
A. acquisitionB. acquaintance
C. recognitionD. the acquaintance
18. Its origins are anchored in the folk songs of black Americans from the period of slavery. Which expressions can take the place of the underlined expression?
A. are rooted inB. appear
C. come into being D. come out
19. News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached.
A. have broken down B. have broken out
C. have broken inD. have broken up
20. During the 1950s, R&B changed modern music further and led to we know as rock and roll.
A. thatB. what
C. whichD. where
21. If you hurry up, you can be the last train to Shanghai.
A. in time forB. in time
C. in the timeD. in time to
22. You must last night, for you cried for help while sleeping.
A. dream of being chased
B. dream of chasing
C. have dreamed of being chased
D. have dreamed to be chased
23. Why? I have nothing to confess. you want to say?
A. What is it thatB. What it is that
C. How is it thatD. How it is that
24. in the repair shop, he drove his brother’s instead.
A. RepairedB. Repairing
C. Being repairedD. His car being repaired
25. late it was, he used to visit his mother on his way home every day.
A. HoweverB. Whatever
C. WhateverD. No matter when
26. is known to all that it is an effort that we can’t expect to succeed.
A. As; notB. It; not without
C. As; noD. It; without
27. With all the magazines I needed , I left the post office.
A. buyingB. to buy
C. boughtD. to be bought
28. In the new city there wasn’t a single person the poor boy could turn for help.
A. thatB. who
C. from whomD. to whom
29. I don’t think Japanese is as Chinese.
A. language as difficult
B. as a difficult language
C. a difficult language as
D. as difficult a language
30. She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong.
A. rather thanB. until
C. afterD. before
【参考答案】
1―5 ABDAB6―10 DCCCA 11―15 BACDB
16―20 CDAAB 21―25 ACADA 26―30 DCDDD
（作者：马艳，江苏省宿迁市马陵中学）