给旅游一个快乐的方向

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漫长的暑假正是出游的好时机。而每当说起旅行，人们马上想到的是“去哪里”，更关心的是“怎么玩”，没有太多人会想过这些问题：“为什么我要旅行？”或“我在旅程中想寻觅什么？”本期带来的原声材料改编自《旅行的艺术》（The Art of Travel）这本著名的旅游智慧书，由作家本人为我们讲述他对旅游的别样思考―

On Board: Disppointment on Holiday

1)The QE2 was even more beautiful than I’d imagined. Everything was exactly as the 2)brochure had promised. But there was one thing that wasn’t as I’d hoped, though this wasn’t something I could complain to anyone about.

I’d been 3)desperate to visit Barcelona for over 15 years. But as I watched my fellow passengers lining up for the city tours, I suddenly changed my mind. I decided to stay on board The QE2.

Sometimes, when we’re sitting at home before we actually travel, looking through the brochure, that we enjoy travel in its purest and perhaps even best form. Maybe one of the most 4)naive things we can do to a place we dream of is actually to go there.

This ship is an extraordinary machine for pleasure. Every desire that you might have can be fulfilled here. And yet, for me, the feeling is, “What am I doing here? Is this fun? Am I having a good time? And if not, what’s wrong with me?”

We tend to travel with a material understanding of happiness ?that is, that the better the surroundings, the weather, the food, the 5)linen, the happier we will be. But happiness is an 6)unpredictable creature that may not show up when it should.

We misunderstand what 7)holds up our moods. We’re sad at home and blame the weather and the 8)drabness of our surroundings forgetting that, even in 9)idyllic settings, we’re 10)prone to 11)collide with emotional icebergs. Disappointment on holiday reminds us that the key 12)ingredients of happiness are never material or 13)aesthetic, but always, 14)stubbornly, 15)psychological. Wherever we choose to go, we’re 16)apt to come up against the 17)inevitable gap between our dreams and the reality. But, once we accept that, we’re on the road to recovery.

At Destination: Meaning of 18)Exotic

One of the things we tend to look for when we travel is somewhere exotic.

Though there tend to be some pretty 19)stock associations around the word “exotic,”in fact you can find almost anything exotic, depending on where you come from and what your tastes are. I remember this 20)came home to me one day when I was flying back to London from a holiday I’d had in Egypt, and I was sitting next to an Egyptian man and chatting to him on the flight. And, as we were coming into land at Heathrow, we looked out the window, and it was a typical English summer’s day ?very dark grey skies and 21)somber green fields ?and I apologized to my companion and said, “You know, I’m really sorry about the conditions on the ground.”And he said, “No, no, no. This is all incredibly exotic to me!”And I thought, “But of course it is……”If you come from a land of sand and pyramids, a typical English summer’s day is 22)liable to be extremely exotic. And I think that takes us right to the heart of a central issue in travel. You can learn a lot about a person by asking them, “What’s the country that you find exotic?”

What we find exotic abroad may be what we hunger for 23)in vain at home.

At Home: Everyday Traveler

It can be depressing to come home from a holiday. Suddenly, it’s as if we’ve never been away. Home is 24)routine, 25)boredom, misery, and meetings, whereas abroad was fun, sexy, confident and bright, which is actually rather strange when you think about it.

Imagine the average aeroplane 26)descending towards the average city. Let’s say that half the people on board are returning home ?they’re sad, depressed, it’s the end of the holidays ?back to 27)gloomy old home. But the other half, the other set of passengers, are going to somewhere new ?they’ve never been there; they’re incredibly excited, looking forward to discovering it. Yet the 28)paradox is that these two sets of passengers are going to exactly the same place. And that points us to something rather important about travel, that maybe what makes a good traveler, what makes a fulfilled traveler, has less to do with a particular destination that you’re going to, and much more to do with your attitude towards it ?much more to do with the way that you’re looking at what you’ve come to see.

Perhaps it doesn’t really matter where we choose to go in the end. The pleasure we 29)derive from journeys will always depend more on the 30)outlook with which we travel than the places we travel to. There’s such a thing as a traveler’s attitude ?an attitude of 31)curiosity and 32)receptivity to whatever captures our imagination. Armed with such an attitude, we might find the most unpromising sounding of destinations or even our own backyards, becoming no less interesting than the butterfly-filled jungles of South America. You might learn to become travelers around our everyday lives.

船上：令人失望的假期

“伊丽莎白女王2号”邮轮比我想象中的更漂亮。一切都和旅游小册子上保证的一模一样。但还是有一件事有违我的预期，尽管我无法向任何人抱怨。

在过去的15年里，我一直极度渴望游览巴塞罗纳。但是当看到同船的乘客排着长队参加城市游时，我突然改变了主意。我决定留在“伊丽莎白女王2号”上。

有时候，在真的出门旅行前，我们会坐在家里浏览旅行小册子，我们那时其实在享受最纯粹的、也许甚至是最好的旅行乐趣。也许对我们的梦想之地来说，我们所能做的最幼稚的事情就是亲身去那里玩一趟。

这艘船是一台制造快乐的非凡机器。在这里，你的每一个愿望都能得到满足。然而，对我而言，感觉却是：“我在这里干什么？这有趣吗？我玩得开心吗？如果不开心的话，我是怎么了？”

我们对于旅行的快乐的理解总是物质性的―也就是说，如果周围的环境、天气、食物、衣物越好，我们就会越快乐。然而，快乐是一种无法预料的东西，在该来的时候也许偏偏不会出现。

我们误解了到底是什么在左右我们的情绪。我们在家时感到沮丧，抱怨天气以及周围环境的单调乏味，却忘记了即使在田园诗般的环境中，我们也有可能撞上情绪的冰山。对假期的失望提醒了我们，快乐的关键与物质或美感无关，却往往非常顽固地取决于你的内心。无论我们选择去哪里，我们都有可能遇到梦想与现实之间不可避免的鸿沟。然而，一旦我们认识到这一点，我们的情绪就能渐渐平复。

目的地：何谓异国情调

外出旅行时，我们要寻找的东西之一就是一个有异国情调的地方。

虽说“异国情调”这个词常会引起各种老一套的联想，实际上你在任何地方都能发现异国风情，这取决于你来自哪里以及你的个人喜好是什么。有一天，我在埃及度假后乘飞机回伦敦，当时的经历让我对此有了深刻的理解。那天我坐在一个埃及人旁边，我们在途中聊了起来。当飞机即将在伦敦的希思罗机场降落时，我们向窗外望去，看见一个典型的英国夏日―深灰的天空和暗绿的原野―我便向同伴道歉说：“你知道，我很抱歉地面的情况这么糟。”而他却说：“不，不，不。这对我来说可真是一种难以置信的异国风情啊！”我便想：“确实如此……”如果你来自一片满是黄沙和金字塔的土地，一个典型的英国夏日很可能特别有异国情调。而我认为这刚好切中了旅行的核心问题。你可以通过以下这个问题加深对别人的了解：“哪个国家让你觉得充满异国风情？”

我们在国外感觉到的“异国情调”，也许就是我们在家想找却找不到的东西。

在家：每天都是旅行者

度完假回家会让人觉得特别低落。突然间，我们觉得自己好像从没离开过似的。回家意味着例行公事、厌烦的事物、无尽的忧虑以及开不完的会议，而出国旅行则代表着快乐、迷人、自信与生机―但你若思考一下，便会觉得这种想法其实很奇怪。

想象一下有一架普通的飞机将要在一个普通的城市降落。比如说飞机上一半人准备回家―他们既难过又沮丧，因为假期结束了―又要回到死气沉沉的老家。但另一半人，另外一批的乘客，则会到达一个新地方―他们从没去过那里，他们兴高采烈地期待有所发现。然而矛盾的是，这两批人要去的恰恰是同一个地方。由此，我们可以得出一个关于旅行的重要启示：要成为好的旅行者，成为玩得尽兴的旅行者，与你要去的某个特定目的地没什么关系，而取决于你对这个地方的态度―取决于你用什么方式去看待你看到的事物。

也许到了最后，我们选择去什么地方其实并不重要。我们从旅途中得到的乐趣，通常更取决于我们旅行所持的心态，而不是旅行的地点。旅行者应该有正确的心态―充满好奇心，能接受任何激发我们想象力的事物。具备了这样的态度，我们也许会发现，即使是听起来了然无趣的目的地，或者甚至是我们自家的后院，都会变得与蝴蝶漫天飞舞的南美热带丛林一样趣味盎然。你也许能成为畅游日常生活的旅行家。