首页 > 范文大全 > 正文

以结构法学习非谓语动词探究

开篇:润墨网以专业的文秘视角,为您筛选了一篇以结构法学习非谓语动词探究范文,如需获取更多写作素材,在线客服老师一对一协助。欢迎您的阅读与分享!

摘 要: 英语语法中非谓语动词一直是一个难点,本文通过学习实践中对于非谓语动词的应用,将非谓语动词的用法进行分类 ,使非谓语动词的学习更加容易。

关键词: 非谓语动词 应用 用法分类

非谓语动词是高考英语中的难点,也是高考英语中的重点,因而非谓语动词是高考英语学习的关键。我最近一直任教于高三年级,对于学生如何能学好非谓语动词有一些自己的看法。现就如何学习非谓语动词作一些探讨。

一、非谓语动词的种类

非谓语动词包含三种,一是加ing,一是加ed,还有一种是to do形式。掌握非谓语动词,只需把这三种形式掌握即可。因而我们要注意它们的意思。一般地说,加ing形式一般是表示主动,加ed形式一般是表示被动,to do形式含有将要和为了的含义。下面举例如下:

1.The flowers his friend gave him will die unlessevery day.

A.watered B.watering C.water D.to water

解释:一般来说我们认为句子的主句和从句前后主语一致,本句话主句主语是the flowers, unless后我们默认为主语也是the flowers,根据句子意思,花将会死去,除非被浇灌,因为花要被浇,表示被动,因而选A。

2.John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work

______,he gladly accepted it.

A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished

解释:本句含义John收到了一份请柬去吃饭,他的工作被完成,他很开心地接受了这个邀请。工作应该是被完成,所以用被动语态。A,D都是被动,但是with后面不能跟一个句子,因而A对D错。

3.He is a student at Oxford University______for a degree in computer science.

A.studied B.studying C.to have studied D.to be studying

解释:本句含义:她是一个在哈佛大学学习计算机科学学位的学生。句子前后主语一致,主句主语为he,后面主语默认为he,他能够学习,为主动,所以用studying,表示伴随。

4.After a knock at the door,the child heard his mother’s voice______him.

A.calling B.called C.being called D.to call

解释:在敲门之后,小孩听到他妈妈的声音叫他。因为他妈妈的声音能叫他,为主动,所以选A。

5.When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there______for a space flight.

A.traingB.being trained

C.to have trained D.to be trained

解释:本句含义:当被问到为什么他去那的时候,他说他被送到那里接受训练进行太空飞行。根据译文他被送到那要被别人训练,因而是被动语态,又因为是即将被训练,含有将来的意味,故是to do 形式。因而选D。

二、完成时的主动及完成式的被动

注意完成时的主动为having done,完成式的被动为having been done,使用完成时表明动作发生在主句之前,现举例说明:

1.The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent______at the end.

A.has been launchedB.having been launched

C.being launchedD.to be launched

解释:国家已经发射了三个无人飞行器,最近的是在上个三月被发射的。根据句意,最近的已经被发射了,因而选B。

2.After he became conscious,he remembered______and

on the head with a rod.

A.to attack:;hitB.to be attacked;to be hit

C.attacking;be hit D.having been attacked;hit

解释因为被攻击这件事已经发生,发生在恢复意识之前,因而要用完成时的被动。

三、词组类题

需要牢记的几个词组:

be seated 坐下 be devoted to doing贡献去做某事

have sb.do sth.使某人做某事

have sb.doing sth.是某人一直做某事have sth.done使某事被做

forget to do sth.忘记做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事

remember to do sth.记着去做某事remember doing sth.记着做过某事

stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情

try to do sth.试着做某事try doing sth.尽力做某事

mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着

allowto do sth.允许某人做某事

1.――Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?

――Just a minute,I will have Bobyou to your room.

A.show B.shows C.to show D.showing

本题考查结构have sb.do sth.,故答案为A。

2.――Did Peter fix the computer himself?

――He,because he doesn’t know much about computers.

A.has it fixedB.had ifixed it

C.had it fixedD.has fixed it

解释:本题考查结构have sth.done,又因为时态为过去时,故答案为C。

归纳:经过笔者长时间的高考备考实践,现将非谓语动词的做法归纳如下:

做非谓语动词题时注意一看二想三挑:

一看为看主动或被动,先根据句子的意思及前后主语一致的情况确定句子主动还是被动,通过这一点可以确定应该是使用现在分词还是过去分词。

二想为想词组,脑子中熟记一些固定搭配,这样就可以在做题的过程中挑选现在分词和过去分词。

三挑为挑出答案,当弄清楚主动被动,了解句子结构并且懂得它的固定搭配后,剩下的事情就是简单地挑选答案了。

练习

1.______ ofstealing money from bank,he was questioned by the police.

A.Accusing B.Accused C.having accused D.To accuse

本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文

2.Blue tooth is an international standardized technology______short distance wireless communication.

A.supporting B.supported C.to support D.supports

3.______in the mountainous for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A.Having lost B.Lost C.Being lost D.Losing

4.All flights______because of the snowstorm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

A.had been canceled B.have been canceled

C.having been canceled D.being canceled

5.______the old houses,they built a beautiful garden in that area.

A.pulled B.having pulled

C.pulling down D.to pull down

6.Though ______up in a big city,Bill always prefers country life

A.brought B.was brought C.bringing D.having brought

7.So much advanced technology______from abroad can improve the qualities of our products.

A.having brought inB.having been brought in

C.has been brought in D.have been brought in

8.______the public schoolswith the private schools,the guide book gives us a clear idea about the differences between them.

A.Having pared

C.To compare D.To be compared

9.When______questions in class,one should answer them as clearly as possible.

A.asking B.to ask C.to be asked D.asked

10.―If ______help,regardless of what,please don’t refuse.

―No,I won’t .Thank you.

A.offeringB.to be offering

C.having been offered D.offered

详细解析:

1.答案是B。主句含义他受到警察质询。从句的主语默认为he,因而根据句子意思应该是受到偷银行钱的谴责,表示被动含义。

2.答案是A。根据句子意思蓝牙是一种国际的技术,这种技术用于支持短距离无线通讯。根据句子意思技术支持无线通信应该是主动。

3.答案是B。主句含义两个学生最后被救了,前后主语一致,前半句应该是他们在山上迷路了一个星期,表示状态,be lost 省略be,因而答案是lost。

4.答案是C。主句含义很多乘客只能坐火车了,因而前半句是状语,不能是句子。主语是航班,航班应该是被取消,表被动,又因为是分词作状语,只能选C。

5.答案是C。后半句的主语是they,因而前半句的主语也是they。他们推倒房子应该是主动,所以一你该选现在分词。

6.答案是A。后半句的主语是Bill,是一个人,默认为前半句主语为人,因而人被养大,应该使用被动语态。

7.答案是B。主语是高科技,因而根据句子意思高科技应该是被引入,所以应该是被动语态,再其次应该是现在分词作伴随状语所以答案是B。

8.答案是B。后半句的主语是书,前半句主语默认为是书,书要被比较,所以用被动。

9.答案是A。后半句的主语是人,前半句主语默认为是人,人应该被问,所以是被动语态。

10.答案是D。本句主句是一个祈使句,主语是你,前半句主语默认为是你,因为你被提供帮助,因而应该是被动语态。

参考文献:

[1]张道真.英语语法大全.首都师范大学出版社,2008-12-1.

[2]张道真.张道真实用英语语法.外语教学与研究出版社,2004-2-1.

[3]薄冰.中学英语语法.开明出版社,2008-7-1.

本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文