车为什么要让人

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我在美国的3个月，从哈佛大学的图书馆回到家里，路上常常要碰到的事情是，每到一个路口，一旦有车，它们必定让人先行。

这是什么道理呢？一般人都说，这是西方人比较“以人为本”。一开始我也这样想，但是后来才知道，其实在他们的交通规则里，有一个“路权”的观念。路权，就是眼前这条路，人人有权，而且这个权利是平等的。

怎样体现这种平等呢？他们设计一个补偿的制度，即凡是有交通工具优势的，就应该补偿交通工具弱势的，如货车补偿客车、大车补偿小车、小车补偿摩托车，如此类推。“补偿”，就体现为“让先”，体现为“以对方为重”。所以，在很多情况下，哪怕是我比汽车慢了一步到路口，司机本来可以踩一脚油门冲过去，但是，他停下来，在车窗里摆摆手，让我先行。

我了解到这种“路权”以及补偿的制度设计，不禁大为感叹！道德建设的确需要配合现代“权利平等”的观念，以及“弱者优先，强者补偿”这样有效有力的制度安排。

While I stayed in the USA， on my way home from the library of Harvard University， I always found that at every junction vehicles would surely give way to me.

Why did they do so？ It’s generally believed that westerners take people as the foremost. In the beginning I thought so， but later I was enlightened that there in their traffic rules is actually such an idea as “right of way”—all people are equal to take the road.

How to realize the equality？ Americans design an institution of priority， namely disadvantageous vehicles having priority over advantageous ones， such as coaches over trucks， small cars over big cars， motors over small cars， etc. The priority means “giving way” to the other party. Thus， in many cases， even if I reached the junction a little later than a car， and its driver could have stepped on the gas to dash across the junction， he would stop and wave his hand behind the car window to let me go first.

I was inspired when knowing the“right of way” and the institution of priority. Ethics need to be improved with the assistance of the modern concept of equal rights and the effective， vigorous institution that the superior give way to the inferior.