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牛津初中英语教材8A第二单元的主题是介绍世界各地的学校。学生在阅读有关英国和美国学校的文章的同时,还需比较各学校间的差异。
第一课时通过漫画Comic strip引入学校生活的主题。以有趣逗笑的方式引出了有关学校的重要话题。新课的引入Welcome to the unit向学生介绍了英国英语和美国英语的不同用法,旨在让学生意识到英语的不同语体。
教材的内容很少,为了引出本单元的话题,首先区别了有些表达在英国英语和美国英语中的不同用法,当初我设计这节课的时候,觉得非常简单,大概花了十几分钟就把全部内容讲完了,然后不断地带着学生读单词并造句,完成巩固练习,发现学生掌握得还可以。但是第二天默写时,学生竟然把许多英国表达和美国表达写反了。这说明我这节新授课是失败的。那我该怎样重新设计呢?我把这单元的整体目标和整体任务又仔细作了分析,并重点思考了这一课时在整个单元中的地位,我发现我必须得重新上这节课。
Unit 2的整体目标、整体任务
知识目标:
四会单词:
① (n.) lift, post, eraser, fall, math, movie, subject, hero, taste, article, art, geography, language, PE, science, point, health, monkey, tennis, chess, hall, court ② (adj.) British, mixed, tasty, close, useful, unimportant, useless, unpopular, least, able, pop ③ (v.) sew, practice, finish ④ (pron.) myself, ⑤ (adv.) even, tonight
(解释:按词性分类,有助于学生了解词的用法,为做词形变换打下基础。并要求学生在做首字母填空时,能分析句子成分并判断句中缺少的成分,这也是学生学习英语的一项技能。)
重点词组:
a mixed school, do things for myself, cook healthy and tasty meals,
have a good time doing something, have half an hour homework
重点句型:
1. Whats school like? Its like watching TV.
2. I like learning how to cook and sew.
3. I spend a lot of time practicing.
4. What does “hero” mean?
能力目标:
1. 运用more ... than, fewer ... than, less ... than 比较数量。
2. 运用the most, the fewest和the least比较两个以上的事物。
3. 运用the same as和different from表示某物与另一物完全相同或相异。
4. 通过词汇的运用来区分英式英语和美式英语。
5. 运用意义相反的形容词。
课时(Welcome to the unit)在本单元中的作用
本课时旨在导入话题,激发学生对“学校生活”这一话题的兴趣,并让学生熟悉话题。这一课时隐含了相应的语言知识(fewer than ...)。本课时的教学可采用多种活动形式,创设多种语言情景,让学生在操练中轻松地掌握一定的语言知识和语法知识并能将其灵活运用。
认真分析这一课时,把握重难点,寻找最适合学生的教学方法,只有明确目的,备好课,才能提高课堂教学的有效性,培养学生运用语言的能力。
教学目标、任务:
知识目标:
四会单词:
British, lift, post, eraser, fall, math, movie, elevator, soccer
词组: go to school, watch TV, be smarter than, fewer advertisements
句型: ① Why dont dogs go to school? ② Whats school like? ③ Its like watching TV, but there are fewer advertisements.
能力目标:
1. 能了解英国英语和美国英语的有关区别。
2. 能掌握相同概念在英国英语和美国英语中的不同表达法。
3. 能简要谈论学校生活,复习与学校生活有关的词汇。
这一课时相对简单,有多媒体可以直接呈现ppt, 也可采用图片教学法。
教学步骤:
Step 1. Warming?up
In the last unit, we learned a lot to talk about our friends. Do you still remember our old friends――Hobo and Eddie?
(解释:为了体现这一课时的作用,激发学生的兴趣,通过让学生回忆已经学过的卡通漫画引出新课。让学生用自己的话把对话讲解出来。)
First, lets look at this picture, can you say something about Eddie?
What do you think of Eddie? Whats Eddie like?
Step 2. Presentation
But Eddie thinks that dogs are cleverer/smarter than people. Why?
(解释:引出 “Dogs are smarter than ...”这一话题,设置悬念,让学生渴望知道下面的内容。)
Today, Ill show you another story about Eddie and Hobo.
Please look at this picture carefully and say something about it.
(解释:让学生仔细观察并谈论这幅图画,让学生对Eddie的无知有个基本认识。)
Step3. Listen and answer
(Before listening)
Whats school like according to Eddie? /What does Eddie think of the school?
(After listening)
Do you agree with Eddie? Why or why not?
Why dont dogs go to school according to Eddie? (他的回答是他错误想法的明显表达,他对学校怎么样和人们为什么需要上学没有概念,因此他相信狗比人类聪明。)
Step 4. Read and act
Read the dialogue, then try to act it out. (表演时突出Eddie的无知,自以为是。)
Step 5. Presentation & discussion
(解释:当初我在上这一环节时,简单地比较同义词在英国英语和美国英语中的不同拼写,讲完连线,填空。课后我就反思如何把这些词分类并与话题有效结合。)
This unit is about “school life”. If we want to write to the School Around the World Club about our ideal school, we should first find out more about British and American schools. We know people speak English in both Britain and the USA. But sometimes they use different words which mean the same thing.
Before learning these words, we have a discussion first. You are divided into three groups.
Group 1 个人情况及校园的介绍
注:按British English/American English进行分类。
secondary school/high school, autumn/fall, ground floor/first floor, lift/elevator, *corridor/hall, *dustbin/garbage can
Group 2 学校生活
favourite/favorite, maths/math, rubber/eraser, *break/recess
Group 3 课外生活
American football/football, football/soccer, film/movie, * theatre/theater, post/mail
Step 6. Practice
Now work in pairs. One is a student from Britain and the other is from the USA. Try to use the above words to introduce yourselves.
Model 1:
I am a British boy. Now I study in a secondary school. Its autumn now, we begin our new term. My classroom is on the ground floor. Theres a tall building in my school. It has eleven floors. We can use a lift to go up and down. The corridor is very big and clean. We often have a break there. Theres a dustbin in each floor. My favourite lesson is maths. I love my school.
Model 2:
A: I am a British boy. I often play football with my friends after school. What about you?
B: Im from the USA. I also play soccer with my friends after school.
A: I like watching films. And you?
B: I often go to the cinema to watch movies. When Im free, I often send mails to my friends.
A: Me too. I often send posts to my friends.
Step 7. Exercise
Now, open your books, turn to page 23, lets finish the exercises.
Answers to Part A: 1. d 2. b 3. g 4. i 5. j 6. c 7. h 8. a 9. f 10. e
Answers to part B: 1. film/movie 2. football/soccer 3. maths/math 4. life/elevator 5. American football/football 6. rubber/eraser
Step 8. Consolidation
一、 根据中文提示和首字母完成句子
1. Can I borrow your / (橡皮)?
2. Do you often send / (邮件) to your friends?
3. In American English, f is another way of saying autumn.
4. British people usually call elevator l .
5. Young people like watching m in the cinema.
(Answers: 1. rubber/eraser 2. mails/posts 3. fall 4. lift 5. movies)
二、 根据汉语句子,完成下列英语句子。
1. 为什么不与我们一起去看电影呢?
watch movies with us?
2. 生活就像打篮球。
Life playing basketball.
3. 这个盒子里的橡皮要少。
There are in this box.
(Answers: 1. Why not 2. is like 3. fewer rubbers/erasers)
Step 9. Homework
1. Listen and recite the conversation on P18.
2. Memorize the distinguish between British and American usage.
3. Do some extra reading about the life in different schools.
根据新课标的要求,英语课程的学习是学生通过英语学习和事件活动,逐步掌握英语知识和技能,提高实际运用语言能力的过程;又是他们磨砺意志、陶冶情操、拓展视野、丰富生活经历、开发思维能力、发展个性和提高人文素养的过程。我成功了,我发现学生不仅掌握了这些单词的不同表达,而且在运用中也是那么自如。我在课程设计中强调了学习者和学习任务之间的互动,我根据他们的水平提供灵活的“脚手架”来帮助他们,而这“脚手架”不仅仅是为了产生直接的效果,更是为了慢慢培养他们未来独立思考解决问题的能力。通过这节课的重新设计,我意识到在今后的教学中要善于结合实际教学需要,灵活地、有创造性地使用教材,对教材的内容、编排顺序、教学方法等方面进行适当的取舍或调整。但是无论怎样调整必须要能达到预先制定的教学目标,提高教学效果。在实践中要不断反思,这有这样才能在反思中不断地提高自己。