神奇的黑色公寓

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日本naf建筑师设计事务所

项目名称:Charred Cedar House

项目地址:日本广岛

占地面积:172.55这里是日本广岛的一个酿酒的聚集地,四处林立着许多极富日本传统特色的酒厂,墙体由各式石膏或焦黑色的西洋杉板材围成,形成了一道亮丽的风景。寒冷的冬季正值酿酒的季节,一缕缕蒸汽从红砖烟囱徐徐飘出,空气中飘散着一股淡淡的清酒香味。“Charred Cedar House”就屹立于这样一个恬静迷人的世界中。

建筑物的东面与周围的房屋相毗邻,南北两面靠近停车场,考虑到房屋主人生活的隐秘性,设计师采用焦黑色的西洋杉板材将建筑物的三面围绕起来。房屋的结构由三层组成。设计师用推拉门将底层各空间区分开来,当推拉门完全开放时,整个一层空间处于半开放状态。此外,设计师还利用红砖铺成的客厅把空间分成内、外两部分,并根据使用材料和空间性质的不同,逐渐营造出一个更为私密的空间。

二层的楼梯井由半透明的玻璃钢包裹,无论白天晚上,光线都可透过玻璃钢洒入梯井,形成一个圆筒形的采光井,使光线弥漫到一层和三层空间。三层空间主要包括起居室、餐饮区和厨房,其外部结构是一个巢状的封闭式空间,从木梯走下,即可到达二层的开放空间,这里四面被玻璃墙环绕,与户外相通,能全方位地观赏到周围的美丽风景。

此外,为了抵抗来自水平和垂直方向的强大受重,设计师通过建筑物应力集中的原理和对受力双方的精密计算,决定在一层和二层空间使用细长的钢架结构支撑整个建筑物。正是通过这一系列的缜密思考,才使得这个外形独特的建筑物不同于传统的房屋构架,一眼看去,就像悬挂枝头的鸟巢一般自然沉稳地漂浮在空中。

The site is located in a district where many traditional sake breweries preserve good old Japanese street with plaster and charred cedar walls.In winter, during sake brewing season, a cloud of steam comes out from red brick chimneys of the breweries and the scent of sake wafts in the air.“Charred Cedar House” stands in such neighbourhood.

Fence made of charred cedar shields three sides of the plot to save the privacy; east side from an adjacent house, north and south side from public parking where cars come and go around the clock. The house consists of three layers of different nature of space. In the first layer, an entrance hall with sand cushion brick-paved floor which leads directly to all the other rooms; main bedroom, tatami room, bathroom and spiral stairs to upper layers. Entrance hall, tatami room and main bedroom are partitioned by sliding doors and when fully opened,the first layer becomes quasi-outside.Sand cushion bricks were paved in the entrance hall to make a semi-outside/ semi-inside space in terms of material and nature of space which leads gradually to more private space.

From the entrance hall, stairwell partly covered by translucent FRP passes through the second layer, void, and leads directly to the third layer. Stairwell is covered by FRP in the second layer and only light can be taken into the stairwell. It serves as “light well” during the daytime and diffuses light to first and third layer.

Up in the third layer are living, dining and kitchen.On the floor are two openings; one from the stairwell from the first layer and the other to the second layer, sole access to the open space by ladders. Down the ladders from the third layer leads one to 360 degree-view of glass walls on the second layer which is assimilated to the open air.

Steel-frame structure was employed for first and second layers as application of slim materials is available by concentrating the stress. Pillars of extremely small diameter can resist vertical and horizontal load simultaneously when correctly tilted and positioned.When this formula is found, the space free from enormous force or conventional structure method floats in the air as natural as up above brunches of trees.