任务型阅读技巧介绍
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一、怎样理解英文记叙文
阅读材料背景介绍:
记叙文阅读材料多介绍有教育意义的活动，常以时间、地点、人物、活动为写作要素，并有特定的叙述线索，如时间过渡、地点变换、内容变化。
阅读技巧:
阅读原文了解活动发生时间、发生地点、参与对象，然后思考原文以什么为线索交待文意，是时间过渡、地点变换还是内容变化？活动发生、发展、高潮、结局的背景如何？同时认真考虑一下活动发生过程中出现了什么矛盾？是如何解决的。
实战训练：阅读下列短文填写文后的表格
女生爱美，然而她们对美的追求却一路坎坷，一路风雨。
Today, schoolgirls are already one of the main forces in beauty contests. But even though their charm is part of China image, their pursuit（追求）of beauty has changed over years.
1993: Beijing Youth Daily has a cover story on Peking University girls refusing pageant(选美比赛). Beauty contests were meaningless western culture and contestants were lacking self-respect and spiritual pursuits,according to Gao Jing, who wrote the story.
2001 to 2002: Fudan University and the University of Science and Technology in Beijing hold contests to choose the most beautiful students as school images. The actions cause a debate. Opponents say it is destroying academia（学术界）.The organizers counter by saying Modern college students should be leaders in campus culture. They need to know how to exhibit themselves. The goody (虚伪的) student is out .
2002: Xu Yafei, freshman studying journalism at Beida puts the school in the spotlight again. The top CET scorer（记录员）in Hunan Province takes part in a TV Pageant on Hunan TV. Her father says: I don want my daughter to grow up only with a lot of knowledge from books and nothing about society
2003: Jiang Ximong, a third-year college student causes a media stir（轰动）when she named Miss China and gets the title of Cultural Personality roof that vanity（虚荣）and academia can coexist（共存）. This time there no debate.
2005: Li Yuchun, Zhou Bichang and Zhang Liangying won Happy China 2005 Super Girls , the real-life singing show from Hunan TV ending on August 26, 2005, their beauty in appearance and style struck almost all the Chinese.
Clue
How schoolgirls?pursuit of beauty has changed over years
Time
People
Event
Attitude
1993
1
Refused to attend beauty contests.
Contestants were lacking self-respect and spiritual pursuits.
2001-2002
Fudan University and the University of Science and Technology in Beijing.
2
Some people supported it, but some people fought against it.
2002
Xu Yafei
She took part in a TV Pageant on Hunan TV.
2003
Jiang Ximong
4
There was no debate.
2005
Li Yuchun, Zhou Bichang and Zhang Liangying
They won “Happy China 2005 Super Girls”,the real-life singing show from Hunan TV.
5
key:
1. Peking University girls
2. Two Universities held contests to choose the most beautiful students as school images.
3. Her father supported her.
4. She was named Miss China and got the title of“Cultural Personality .
5. All the Chinese were almost struck by their beauty in appearance and style.
二、怎样理解人物情感
阅读材料背景介绍:
不少文章描绘人物情感，或喜或忧、或气或恼、或爱或恨、或羞或愧，浓烈深沉，波澜壮阔。这种文章往往一开始介绍主人公具有的浓烈情感，然后介绍这一情感对其造成的影响，揭示其渴望解决问题的内心世界。不少情感介绍文所介绍的主人公特定情感并不是贯穿始终的，在特定事件、特定环境的影响下这一情感会发生改变，这种改变往往是根本性改变，决定着主人公的生活态度、生存质量和前进动力，可见这种情感变化往往是刚开始特定情感所产生问题的解决。
阅读技巧：
认真阅读原文首节，了解主人公特定心情，分析其是喜是忧，是气是恼，是羞是愧，是爱是恨，还是又喜又忧、又气又恼，既羞又愧、爱恨交加。接着思考这一情感给主人公带来什么影响，主人公渴望解决什么问题。接着可阅读文章末节看看主人公的心情有没有变化，困扰其的问题有没有解决。最后细读全文，感受主人公心情及其变化，想主人公所想，急主人公所急，为主人公出谋划策，排忧解难，相信全身心的投入会获得对文章最佳的理解。
实战训练：阅读下列短文填写文后的表格。
眼睛可能会瞎就意味着前途一片黑暗，毫无希望可言了吗？请走进下文。
Until the doctor told me that I might go blind, the future spread before me in all directions. My paintings had been shown in New York galleries (艺术馆). I enjoyed the hours in my studio. But now everything was shadowed with fear.
One day, after I showed photos of my paintings to Ron, who was an eye doctor and sculptor (雕塑家) , he asked me to go to his school and show slides of my work to his students with developmental disorders.
The next day, when I arrived at the school, I found one student, a young man in a wheelchair, was in the art room already waiting. His head was held up by wires. His fingers were bent backward. When I came in, his eyes met mine. A burst of voltage (电压) passed from him to me.
Two other students arrived, one of them wheeled in by Ron, who had invited me. This boy’s arms were tied to his wheelchair.
Tim is a professional artistRon told the group, and is here to share his ideas.Ideas? Getting free of the limitations of the physical world―that was the point of my paintings. Was I supposed to share this with people in the wheelchairs? Nervously I showed slides of my paintings. You make art to say something you can’t say with words , I explained. These paintings might be about being held down, and getting free.
After I showed the last slide, Ron said,Maybe Tim will come and visit again. What do you say?he asked me. I looked at the man with the wired head. When our eyes met, he nodded with a slight movement of his head.
The next few nights, I lay awake thinking about the million things these people could not do: climb a tree, hold a spoon, turn the pages of a book. Yet there was that light in their eyes. What would they tell us if they had the power?
Then I called the school and reached the director of the arts program.I was there a week ago, showing slides of my paintings in Ron’s class. I was wondering if I could come back. To help with the class?she asked.
No,I said. To start a new one.
How was the hero’s original feeling?
1
What do you expect him to do?
2
How is the hero’s present feeling?
3
What caused his change of feeling?
4
key:
1. Everything was shadowed with fear.
2. Get rid of bad feeling and have confidence in life.
3. He feels confident again.
4. The disabled students?hardship and confidence.
三、如何略读原文理解大意
阅读材料背景介绍：
众所周知，了解课文大意有助于理解课文细节。怎样理解文章大意？略读文章提炼主题！
不少阅读材料主句点明主题，末句照应主题。还有一些阅读材料为说明主题还配有插图或表格。绝大多数阅读文章都有一些关键词/短语、日期及数据说明主题。
阅读技巧：
首先应阅读标题和首句，确定文章主题。如果首句没有体现主题可看末句，因为末句也往往照应主题。如果末句也不提供主题应阅读段落主题句（首句或末句居多）提炼文章主题。提炼主题时可结合与主题有关的图、表、关键词/短语、日期和数据。总之，略读原文关键信息把握主旨大意可以让我们在不字字落实的情况下从宏观上理解原文。很多情况下文章中段部分很难理解，对关键信息的略读可起到山穷水尽疑无路柳暗花明又一村的理解效果。
实战训练：阅读下列短文填写文后的表格。
遭遇不幸事件后是永远生活在不幸所造成的阴影中，还是解脱出来，让心灵的大门洞开，迎接一切美好的人或事物？请走进下文寻找答案。
The lady with the white fence taught me to leave the gate to life open...
When my husband died of a brain disease, I became very angry. Life was not fair. I hated being alone. One day, as I was driving down a busy street in town, I suddenly noticed a new fence, which was being set up around a house. I pulled off to the side to really admire the fence. The carpenter had done such a good job that my eyes almost welled up with tears. I could not tear myself away. I stopped the engine, went over and touched the fence. It still smelled of fresh paint. I could hear a lady was trying to start the lawn mower(割草机) in the back garden.
Hello!I shouted and waved at herWell, hello!She stood up and wiped her hands in the apron.I―I came to see the fence. It is so beautiful!I said.
The fence is not there for my sakethe lady explained to me in a matter-of-fact voice.I live alone. But so many people drive by every day, and I thought they might be glad to see something really nice. People see my fence and wave. A few stop like you and come up to the veranda(走廊) to have a chat.
But weren’t you sad when they expanded the road and everything changed so much? I asked.
Her reply changed my life.Change is a part of life and takes part in making us who we are. When something we do not like happens to us, we have two choices: to become a bitter person or to become a better person.
I carefully left the gate open and drove on with a new feeling inside me. I could not tell what it was, but I could feel the thick stone wall around my angry heart breaking off. And instead a pretty white fence was built. I decided that I would keep the gate open for everything and everyone that came my way.
The use of the first sentence.
1
The use of the last sentence.
2
What is the rest about?
3
key:
1. Give the theme: Leave the gate to life open.
2. Stress the theme: Keep the gate open for everything and everyone.
3. How the lady with the white fence taught me to leave the gate to life open.