非洲妇女的土地权益

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Our own commission is the coalition of women groups in 54 countries， so in those countries we have multiple partners. One of commissions is land housings. Huairou Commission looks at issues on global initiatives and women security in Kenya. We are broadening the discussion to focus not only on titles which are very important， but also other things on women secure. So we are looking at the process of titling―the process itself is actually empowering women engaged in governments. We are also looking at the issue of losing control of property， so this initiative will help women in Africa be able to stand on their land.

Because women has been working for over eight years through Women’s Land Link Africa （WLLA）， to develop a mechanism to help women stay on their land and gain access to the land. They have become very sophisticated in helping women do that. So the next challenge is that now that people can finally keep their homes， but some people are doing things to make them run away. Even women stay on the land， they cannot profit or produce on their land. Maybe her husband will take all things she has grown to the market and bring back next to nothing， so she doesn’t profit from the land. She has access to the land and a title， but she is not secure because she cannot even get an income on this land.

So we are trying to broaden the definition of women security in Kenya. These frame our landing house work， because we are looking at the urban issues as well. All these initiatives are we fought for the security of Kenya. But in Africa， we are particularly looking at the access to justice in relationship to land. So we are looking at how do women―if someone tries to take their land or if someone beats them in their home―how do they access to justice？

People are using mainly the community justice organism set up on the grass root level， so they would go to the grass root justice and tell them first， or they would go to their traditional leaders which are partners that have not been engaged in development. That’s how the access to the justice works. We mainly support grass root women to do whatever it is they are doing on their ground. Another key is trying to get women in government positions and to be the leaders of their communities and eventually the leaders of local governments. On the local level it is to make women to have the leverage to make a change. So we are focusing on different contexts and different things

The access-to-the-justice and other researches are being carried out in 7 countries， covering over 70 communities. 12 of our implementing partners are helping grass root women and facilitating local NGOs. The actual question is how to respond to urbanization. There are opportunities and serious challenges. For a lot of women who came from rural areas to cities， the traditional way to make money which is producing on their lands is infeasible in urban areas. So it’s really important to put women as a part of the planning process， which is the government in the city.

But there is need to have those technical conversations about governments and planning for cities. It is important because women can then make decisions about how the city is designed and how the city is functioning and providing services. This reflects our priorities， and the women participation in the governments is the key. No one can represent grass root women better than grass root women themselves. That is our hope―planning and letting grass root women be the main organizers of the cities.

目前，我们在54个国家组建了妇女联盟，主要围绕土地权益的问题展开工作，这将帮助非洲妇女获得土地。为了能够发展能帮助妇女获得并使用土地的机制，我们通过非洲妇女土地权益组织已经为之努力了8年多。下一个挑战是如何能让妇女们最终能保有他们的家。即使妇女能使用土地，但是她们却不能从中获得利益或产品。也许她的丈夫会将她们耕种的农产品全都拿到市场，但却未分给她们任何收益，因此她们处于不安全的地位。

所以，我们努力肯尼亚拓宽对妇女安全的定义，以确定我们在权益土地方面的工作范围。我们也在关注城市问题，关注如何才能使非洲妇女公平地使用土地以及寻求公平正义。所有这些都是为肯尼亚的安全而奋斗。

为此，正在建设基层社区司法机制。这样一来，他们就可以向基层司法机构求助。同样，基层妇女也可以通过这一渠道获得司法公正。我们很支持基层妇女根据她们的需求做想做的事情。

另一个重要的方面是让妇女获得政府职务，使之能成为她们所在社区的领导，然后逐渐成为地方政府的领导。目前，这些项目覆盖了7个国家，超过70个社区。其中，12个合作机构正在帮助基层妇女和当地非政府组织的发展。她们真正面对的问题在于如何应对城市化，这里有机遇也有严峻的挑战。对于很多从农村来到城市的妇女来说，通过耕种土地获取收入的传统方法在城市里不再可行。所以让他们作为城市规划的一分子就显得很重要。

目前，我们需要就城市的规划管理展开技术型对话。这一点之所以重要，是因为妇女可以就城市如何设计，运行以及提供服务方面进行决策。这反映了这其中的优先顺序，并且妇女参与到管理之中是其中的关键。没有比基层妇女更能代表她们自己的了。这是我们的希望，即计划并让基层妇女成为城市的主要组织者。