夏洛克?福尔摩斯:跨越时代的英雄

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125年前，夏洛克·福尔摩斯横空出世，从此风靡至今。其创作者柯南·道尔不会想到：从小说到舞台到影视再到小说，福尔摩斯的形象一变再变，跨越了两个世纪；从黑白默片到有声电影再到3D影视，银幕上不同形象甚至不同性格的福尔摩斯却一样神秘迷人；从原著小说到各种同人故事再到“福迷”们近乎执迷的研究，福尔摩斯创造了独属于自己的文学领域。虽然如今风头正盛的好莱坞大片《大侦探福尔摩斯》和英剧《神探夏洛克》中的福尔摩斯都早已不复当初的模样，但毋庸置疑的是，这个角色已经成功融入了新的时代，福尔摩斯的故事也将永远流传。

As a Halloween costume, it's almost too easy—just wear a deerstalker cap1), stick a calabash2) pipe between your teeth, and carry a magnifying glass. Say, "Elementary, my dear Watson." Chances are, everyone will know that you're supposed to be Sherlock Holmes. No matter that Holmes wore a cap only once in the original stories, that his pipe of choice was not a calabash, and that he never uttered that phrase. He did, however, use a magnifying glass occasionally.

Like other pop culture icons, Holmes has evolved since his creation over a century ago. His characters have changed, as have the qualities for which audiences admire him. Below appear some of the best-known permutations3) of Holmes, as he has traveled from print to stage, to film and television, and back to print again. The game is afoot4)! Happy sleuthing5).

想要在万圣节这样打扮一点都不难：只需头戴一顶猎鹿帽，嘴里叼根葫芦烟斗，手握一个放大镜就完成了。若是再说上一句“这是小儿科，我亲爱的华生”，那很可能所有人都会明白你在扮演福尔摩斯。虽然福尔摩斯在原著小说中只戴过一次帽子，嘴里叼的也不是葫芦烟斗，而且从未说过那句口头禅。不过嘛，他确实偶尔会用一下放大镜。

和其他流行文化的偶像一样，福尔摩斯自一个多世纪前诞生后就一直在不断演变。他的性格特征在变，他身上被大众所欣赏的品质也在变。福尔摩斯已从书本走上舞台，走进影视，又再次回到书中。下面就是关于他的一些广为人知的演变。侦探游戏正在上演，且来一探究竟吧！

The Many Faces of Holmes 福尔摩斯的多种形象

The original readers of the very first Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet, had to do with6) four lackluster7) illustrations by D. H. Friston, but, when the novella was published in book form, Holmes looked something like Arthur Conan Doyle's own father, Charles Altamont Doyle—and was, in fact, the elder Doyle's creation. The author's father created a series of vague line-drawings that unfortunately failed to capture the excitement of the text. He gave Sherlock Holmes his own features, including his scraggly8) beard. No record exists of his son's response.

When "A Scandal in Bohemia" was published in The Strand Magazine in 1891, readers were greeted with Sidney Paget's moody9) drawings, which represented Holmes as tall, handsome, and elegant, despite Conan Doyle's original description, according to which Holmes was extremely thin, with a large nose and small eyes set close together. Apparently Paget's younger brother Walter, whom the artist used as a model, was quite a handsome fellow. Years later, after his brother's death, Walter himself illustrated a few of Conan Doyle's stories in The Strand.