《远大前程》:泥泞与尘封――狄更斯笔下的两个世界
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潘波趣舅舅给乔一家带来了一个好消息――镇里的上等人赫薇香小姐要找个男孩上她家作客……
Mrs. Joe: Did you see her yourself, uncle?
Pumblechook: Not in person, she is a lady, but the message was from her.
Mrs. Joe: As is the quality way.
Joe: I don’t understand what Miss Havisham wants a boy for.
Mrs. Joe: That’s not for us to ask what a lady wants from a boy. She wants a boy, and dear Uncle Pumblechook has spoken for us! (slapping Pip) My food not good enough for you?
Joe: It’s Christmas, missus.
Pumblechook: If you can’t beat a boy at Christmas, when can you beat him?
Mrs. Joe: That’s right, uncle. And you make a better show of yourself when you go up to the house! Don’t you go shaming me!
Joe: Us ain’t decided if he’s going yet.
Mrs. Joe: Of course he’s going! It’s Satis House! Mr. Gargery, Satis House! Think of what she could do for him! For us!
Pumblechook: For me! It could change this family’s fortunes. Mrs. Joe: Raise up! Mr. Gargery, all of us! And who’s to say where we could be raised up to?
Joe: She ain’t been seen for years. Who’s to say what she’s like?
Mrs. Joe: Well, he can tell us, can’t he? I’d dearly[非常地] like to see inside that house.
Joe: Do you want to go, Pip?
Mrs. Joe: What are you asking him for? What he wants don’t come into it! He’s going for me! To make up for the mud, and the dirt, and the cleaning of wet clothes, and the toil[辛苦工作], and the care, and the drudgery[繁重乏味的工作] that goes with raising a boy by hand in these freezing godforsaken[凄凉的] flatlands with thieves and villains[坏人] running wild as would murder us all in our beds! He’s going and there’s an end to it!!
乔大嫂：你亲眼见过她了吗，舅舅？
潘波趣：我没看见她本人，她毕竟是位淑女，不过这是她的意思。
乔大嫂：那一定没错儿。
乔：我不明白赫薇香小姐找一个男孩有啥事儿。
乔大嫂：一位淑女要找个男孩干什么不是我们该过问的。她想找个男孩，亲爱的潘波趣舅舅便为我们费尽口舌！（抽打匹普）我做的饭你还嫌不好吃吗？
乔：今天是圣诞节呢，老婆。
潘波趣：如果圣诞节不能打孩子，还有什么时候能打呢？
乔大嫂：说得好啊，舅舅。你到了宅子可得表现好一点！别给我丢脸！
乔：窝（我）们还没决定让不让他去呢。乔大嫂：他当然得去！那可是沙堤斯庄屋！葛吉瑞先生，沙堤斯庄屋呢！你想想她能为他带来什么！为我们带来什么！
潘波趣：还有我呢！这能改变这个家的命运。
乔大嫂：出人头地！葛吉瑞先生，我们所有人！谁知道我们会爬到哪一步呢？
乔：她已经很多年没露面了。谁知道她是怎样的人？
乔大嫂：喔，他能告诉我们，不是吗？我真想看看那宅子里面是什么样的。
乔：你想去吗，匹普？
乔大嫂：你问他干什么？他的想法布（不）重要！他为了我也得去！为了弥补我不顾泥泞，为他清洗衣服，含辛茹苦， 关怀备至，在这个冷死人的荒凉之地一手把一个小孩拉扯大可够呛呢――这里到处都是小偷和坏蛋，我们指不定哪天在睡梦中就会掉！他必须去，就这么定了！！
口语锦囊
在英国文学文化中，阶层是一个经常涉及到的概念。教育在过去是有一定地位的家庭才能享受到的特权，因此从一个人的谈吐就能判断其出身家境。乔一家是没受过教育的下层人民，其语言中有很多不规范或者不正确的用法，听的时候需注意。
“ain’t”是一个不规范的缩略语，根据上下文可以表示“am/is/are not”或者“has/have not”，例如：
Things ain’t what they used to be. （情况不像过去那样了。）
匹普被带到鬼屋一般的大宅，见到古怪的赫薇香小姐和她美丽的养女艾丝黛拉。对少年匹普来说，尘封的宅子里的一切都显得如此新鲜……
Miss Havisham: Your people, what do they think of you coming here?
Pip: They like it, miss.
Miss Havisham: Tell me, what do you hope to be in the future? Pip: I want to be a blacksmith[铁匠], miss, like Joe.(Estella sneers.)
Miss Havisham: You sound awfully[很] certain.
Pip: Yes, miss.
Miss Havisham: It is wise not to plan the years ahead too completely. Everything that was certain can change in a heartbeat. I am told you are an orphan[孤儿].
Pip: I am, miss.
Miss Havisham: So am I. So is Estella. Are there sisters and brothers?
Pip: Well, there’s my sister what I live with.
Miss Havisham: “With whom I live.” No one else?
Pip: There was five others, miss.
Miss Havisham: So they are all dead? Have you never wondered why you survived, Pip? Why you were chosen to live?
Pip: I do, miss.
Miss Havisham: Perhaps you were meant for something special. Perhaps it is intended that you, like Estella, will be different and extraordinary.
赫薇香小姐：你的家人对你来我这儿有何想法？
匹普：他们很乐意，小姐。
赫薇香小姐：告诉我，你将来想做什么？匹普：我想当个铁匠，小姐，跟乔一样。（艾丝黛拉嗤笑。）
赫薇香小姐：听起来你似乎很确定。
匹普：是的，小姐。
赫薇香小姐：过早筹划长远之事并非明智之举。但凡确定之事皆可瞬息万变。我听说你是孤儿。
匹普：是的，小姐。
赫薇香小姐：我也是。艾丝黛拉也一样。你还有兄弟姐妹吗？
匹普：哦，我和姐姐一起主（住）。
赫薇香小姐：“一起住”。没别人了？匹普：以前还尤（有）五个，小姐。
赫薇香小姐：这么说他们都死了？你难道不曾想过为什么你能活下来吗，匹普？为什么只有你能活下来？
匹普：我想过，小姐。
赫薇香小姐：或许你注定能成大器。或许你就像艾丝黛拉那样，将来一定会与众不同、卓尔不凡。
口语锦囊
和你的搭档轮流饰演匹普和赫薇香，通过模仿和role-play实际体会这两个人物在用语上的明显差异。鬼气森森的赫薇香小姐语速缓慢，吐字异常清晰，模仿她说话也是很好的正音练习哦！
匹普从此频繁出入大宅，两个阶层的双重世界让他渐渐产生向上爬的想法……
Estella: Why did you keep smiling at me?
Pip: To be friendly.
Estella: Do you think I’m pretty, Pip? Do you?
Pip: Yes.
Estella: Do you want to kiss me? (Pip comes closer.) What’s that smell?
Pip: What smell?
Estella: Dirt. And sweat.
Pip: It’s the forge[铁匠铺].
Estella: It’s you! Why would I want to be friends with you? Your clothes don’t fit.
Pip: I grew.
Estella: They’re dirty. Your boots are dirty. You’re dirty! You don’t speak correctly. I can hardly understand what you say. Why would I want to be friends with you?
Pip: I thought you might be lonely.
Estella: (slapping Pip’s face) Smile now. Go on, smile. You’re crying.
Pip: I ain’t crying.
Estella: Ain’t? It’s “I am not crying.” But you are. I made you cry. And I can make you cry whenever I like.
Pip: You ain’t ever going to make me cry!
艾丝黛拉：你为什么一直对我嬉皮笑脸的？匹普：为了表示友好。
艾丝黛拉：你觉得我美吗，匹普？你觉得呢？匹普：是的。
艾丝黛拉：你想吻吻我吗？（匹普靠近。）那是什么味儿？
匹普：什么味儿？
艾丝黛拉：土腥味，还有汗臭味。
匹普：是打铁间的味儿。
艾丝黛拉：是你的臭味！我为什么要和你做朋友？你的衣服根本不合身。
匹普：我长高了。
艾丝黛拉：脏死了。你的靴子也很脏。你整个人都很脏！你连话都说不好。我根本听不懂你在说什么。我又怎么会跟你做朋友呢？匹普：我以为你会孤单。
艾丝黛拉：（打了匹普一耳光）笑啊。来嘛，笑一个。你哭鼻子了。
匹普：我不在哭。
艾丝黛拉：不在哭？应该是“我没哭”。但你确实哭了，是我把你弄哭的。我高兴什么时候让你哭你就得哭。
匹普：你再也别想让我哭了！
口语锦囊
和你的搭档轮流饰演匹普和艾丝黛拉，通过模仿和role-play实际体会这两个人物在用语上的明显差异，注意模仿艾丝黛拉如何通过语速和重读表现她对匹普的蔑视。
赫薇香小姐并没有提携匹普，他只能失望地回到乔身边当学徒。多年以后，一位名叫贾格斯的律师突然来到铁匠铺找匹普……
Pumblechook: What’s he done then?
Jaggers: I am here with an instruction from a client. And my instruction is to communicate to Mr. Pirrip that he has a benefactor[捐助者]. And this benefactor has bestowed[赠与] upon you a handsome[可观的] property.
Joe: What?
Pumblechook: Money, Joe. Isn’t that right? Money?
Jaggers: A fortune.
Joe: Pip has a fortune? From who?
Jaggers: The owner of this handsome property also desires that Mr. Pirrip be immediately removed from his present sphere[范围] of life, from his present place and go to London, where he is to be instructed in the ways and manners of society[上流社会]; where he is to live the life of a gentleman; where, in short, he is to live as a young fellow of great expectations.
Joe: Pip has to leave here? Leave his home?
Jaggers: There are provisos[附文]. You are to be known and addressed by all as Pip. If you have any objections to that, speak now.
Pip: No. None.
Joe: Wait, stop. Who? Who done this?
Jaggers: You must never enquire[即inquire，询问] after the identity of your benefactor. You are prohibited from making any supposition[猜想] or wild surmise[揣测]. When you reach your majority, the identity will be revealed. Until then, you are bound[有义务的] by law to the proviso. Do you understand?
Pip: Yes.
Jaggers: This is for immediate expenses: travel and appropriate attire[衣服]. When you arrive in London, come directly to me.
潘波趣：他闯了什么祸吗？
贾格斯：我受人委托而来。当事人要我告知匹瑞普先生，他有一位恩主。这位恩主给你留了一笔相当可观的财产。
乔：什么？
潘波趣：就是钱啊，乔。对吧？是钱吧？
贾格斯：是一笔财产。
乔：给匹普的财产？睡（谁）给的？
贾格斯：这笔可观财产的主人还要匹瑞普先生马上脱离他现在这个行业，离开此地，前往伦敦，在那里接受上等人的礼仪教育，过上绅士的生活――总而言之，他将会成为一个拥有大笔遗产的上流子弟。
乔：匹普要离开这里？离开他的家吗？贾格斯：还有附加条件。你要对所有人使用匹普这个名字，也只能被称作匹普。如果你不愿意，趁现在提出来。匹普：不，没有。
乔：等等，停下来。是谁？是谁这么左（做）？
贾格斯：你绝对不许追问恩主的身份，也不许对此进行臆测或胡思乱想。在你成年之后，恩主自会表明身份。在那之前，你必须依照法律遵守条件。你可明白？
匹普：明白了。
贾格斯：这些给你先用着――支付旅费，做几件得体的衣服。等你到了伦敦，就直接来找我。
口语锦囊
大家注意到贾格斯的遣词用句吗？由于其职业性质与社会地位的关系，这名律师经常使用生涩的词汇以及带有命令口吻的祈使句，显得特别盛气凌人，与其他三人形成强烈对比。喜欢英音的同学可以重点模仿其发音。