虚拟语气解析

开篇：润墨网以专业的文秘视角，为您筛选了一篇虚拟语气解析范文，如需获取更多写作素材，在线客服老师一对一协助。欢迎您的阅读与分享！

虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实，而表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议。下面就虚拟语气的结构以及在复合句中的运用谈一些浅见：

一、虚拟语气的一般用法

即虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用，其结构如下：

二、虚拟语气在复合句中的运用

1、用于宾语从句中：

（1）用于wish后面的宾语从句中，其结构有3种形式：

wish+主语+动词的过去式（表示现在不能实现的愿望）

wish+主语+had+动词的过去分词（表示过去不能实现的愿望）

wish+主语+would/could/might+动词原形（表示将来不能实现的愿望）

例如：

I wish it were spring all the year round.

We wish we had passed the exam yesterday.

I wish you could go with us.

（2）用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中。常见的动词有：

demand/require/insist/suggest/request/propose/advise/arrange/desire等。其宾语从句的虚拟语气结构为：

主语＋(should)+动词原形，其中should可以省略。

例如：

He demanded that we (should)start right away.

The doctor ordered that the patient (should)be sent to hospital without delay.

注：suggest只有表示“建议”时，才用虚拟语气，如果表示“暗示、表明”时，不用虚拟语气，而是用直陈语气。

例如：

He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.

The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.

insist只有表示“坚持应该”时，才用虚拟语气，如果表示“坚持认为”时，不用虚拟语气，而是用直陈语气。

例如：

They insisted the boy (should) go with them.

The man insisted he had never stolen the money.

（3）would rather后跟的复合句叫做宾语从句，也应用虚拟语气，其谓语动词常用过去式。

例如：

I would rather you painted the wall green next time.

2、用于主语从句中：

常用于it做形式主语，that引导的真正的主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“（should）+动词原形”表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等，常见的结构有2种形式：

（1）It is desired/suggested /proposed/decided/ordered/requested/required+that+主语+(should)+动词原形+其它

（2）It is necessary /important/strange/natural/a pity+that+主语+(should)+动词原形+其它 或It is necessary /important/strange/natural/a pity+that +主语+(should)+have+过去分词+其它

例如：

It is suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week.

It is strange that he should have acted toward his parents like that.

It is important that we should speak politely.

注：前两种虚拟语气中，第（2）种情况“should have done”，表示“本应该做”而实际上未做。另外，这种句式中也可以用直陈语气。例如：

It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday.

It is a pity that you can’t dance.

3、用于同位语从句中：

当suggestion/proposal/order/plan/idea/request/advice/demand，这些名词做先行词，后跟同位语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。其结构为：(should)+动词原形

例如：

We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sight-seeing

The order came that the medical supplies should be sent to the village soon.

4、用于表语从句：

当suggestion/proposal/order/plan/idea/request/advice/demand，这些名词做主语构成系表结构且表语是从句时，从句要用虚拟语气。其结构为：(should)+动词原形。

例如：

My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it .

My suggestion was that the meeting be put off till next week.

5、用于定语从句：

这种从句常用在“It is about/high time that…..”句型中，定语从句的谓语动词形式有2种：①用动词的过去式（be动词用were）②用should+动词原形（should不能省略）。其意义为“（现在）是该做某事的时候了”。

例如：

It is (high)time we were going

It is (high)time that we should start out

It is (high)time that you went to school.