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董伟桐医生的京剧情结

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浙江温州平阳县职工业余京剧社社长董伟桐先生,被京剧票友尊称为“德高望重”京剧票界领军人物,然而他又是一位著名的痔瘘专科医生,历经坎坷但始终乐观向上,他在自己作词作曲的京歌《永做奉献人》中写道:“老当益壮春常在,满怀豪情与时俱进不计程,余热献后人”。

从美学上升华京剧

2005年12月20日,文化部中国传统文化促进会在人民大会堂举行中国传统文化先进事迹表彰大会,鉴于平阳县职工业余京剧社在弘扬中国传统文化工作中作出的突出贡献,被授予“全国先进票友社团”荣誉称号,该社社长董伟桐被授予“振兴京剧功勋奖”。

董伟桐一直痴迷京剧。2005年上半年董伟桐及其夫人叶允秋女士七十华诞之日,人们要为他俩摆酒祝寿,他却别出心裁,将寿宴办成京剧晚会。他邀请瑞安市、平阳县两地戏迷票友100余人举办“京剧演唱会”,第二天还移师剧院搞折子戏演出。这种私人出资为戏迷票友创造演出平台之义举,在温州市尚属首创。该活动被台北市《弘报》232期作了报道,《中国京剧》2005年第7期、《温州晚报》《温州都市报》也都作了报道,还在省略上网,得到众多网友好评。

有人问他:“你在医学领域已有成就,是什么原因使你如此痴迷京剧?”他说:“开始时我觉得京剧能陶冶情操,使自己得到愉悦,使精神世界得以升华。可是愈到后来,愈深刻认识到京剧博大精深,是中华民族优秀传统文化代表,它至情至性,唱出民族心声,它教忠教孝,提振民族精神,是增强人文精神教育、构建和谐社会法宝之一,于是我对京剧的痴迷就不能自拔了!我想,我能带动一批人弘扬国粹,不是对社会的一种贡献吗!”

京剧是他的最爱

说起京剧,董伟桐先生红光满面精神焕发,一口气能说一个上午。他从小就喜欢文艺,初中时是上海市南市区文化馆业余话剧团一名话剧演员和独唱演员,读卫生学校又是杭州市大专院校歌咏比赛中的指挥能手,分配到平阳工作后,他向资深票友陈君衡学唱京剧青衣,从此一发而不可收,京剧成为他心中的最爱。

改革开放后他自办诊所,业务忙得不可开交,即便如此他依然迷恋京剧。他经常在医疗空暇之时与票友一起切磋技艺、交流心得和观摩票友“票戏”活动。有一次,他和夫人从外地观摩回来,心里突发创办业余京剧社的冲动,于是在自己诊室里开起了“票友座谈会”。经过四个多月的筹备,1992年9月成立了由县民政局批准的平阳县职工业余京剧社。1996年后他干脆把自己的诊所关了,一心扑在京剧社里。

为了解决京剧社的资金困难,他带头捐资5000元,后来又到许多老朋友、老同学、老同事和企业家那里去游说、动员,寻找解决资金困难的办法。功夫不负有心人,一位同学被他千言万语所感动,慷慨解囊一下子给他资助1万元,后来县委书记也被感动了,多次作了批示,帮助他解决京剧社的资金困难。因为他对京剧社的痴迷和执著,票友戏言说他“笔尖、脚勤、脸皮厚;脑灵、才博、点子多”。

京剧社善于发现人才、培养骨干。一天他和夫人在票友家唱戏,窗外站着一位“邻居大嫂”,他连忙约她进门,当她唱了一首《红灯记》后,他便请妻子三番五次登门去动员,约她参加京剧社活动。后来,这位“邻居大嫂”在他们精心扶植下成了京剧社主角,在省市比赛中屡屡获奖。

为了票友们学戏,董伟桐不吝巨资购置录像机、VCD机和音响设备,将央视播出的精彩京剧节目录下来,再将唱腔、念白、锣鼓经等记录整理出来形成剧本,让票友们自己一遍遍观看和演唱,还把一些电视艺术片大胆改为舞台剧脚本配上乐器进行响排。他明明是医生,居然也是一位内行的导演。他的事迹传到中央电视台,央视《戏曲采风》栏目编导们两次专程来到剧社“采风”,于是便有了1998年5月16日到6月8日连续8次在央视3、4、8频道滚动播出的专题片《京韵京腔在平阳》;2003年央视《戏中有戏》栏目,又一次邀请他们集体录制节目作了播出。

为普及京剧奔忙

为将12年来京剧社所走过的艰难历程和成绩介绍给广大戏迷,董伟桐决定编辑大型彩色画册《京韵京腔在平阳》。一个县专门出版发行京剧画册,这在全国并不多见。

编画册之时正逢董伟桐夫人因脊柱大手术住医院,他便把自己的“办公室”搬到医院病床边。在照料夫人的同时,他扑在陪伴床上做校对和版面设计,400多个日日夜夜,从创意到三易其稿,他精力充沛、痴情迷性,其精神感动了一大批人。首发式那天,平阳县委等四套班子领导以及县委宣传部、统战部及各派领导都来祝贺,赞誉他做了一件颇具人文价值的好事。

董伟桐还是县老年大学和鳌江分校两个京剧班老师,1995年下半年应聘至今已有十个春秋。他既非戏校出身,又未当过专业演员,更无京剧教学经验,但他知难而上,购买了许多有关书籍及音像资料,订了《中国京剧》杂志,埋头苦学,为了备好一节课常常彻夜不眠,直至找到论证依据方罢休。十年来他共撰写了《京剧知识简介》《京剧艺术欣赏》《学唱要点》等教材8万余字,从录音带里翻录整理出京剧名家名段曲谱126首,自创“京歌”12首,为提高教学质量,他组织学员参加戏迷票友演唱会48次,由学员担纲演出《武家坡》《贵妃醉酒》《状元媒》《三娘教子》《江姐》《咏梅》《永做奉献人》《平阳颂》等折子戏13出,此外还在“新年京剧晚会”上由学员主演传统戏《凤还巢》等。

A Doctor's Beijing Opera Complex

By Chen Feifei, Ren Zejian

Though he is a doctor by profession, Dong Weitong is best known as director of a Beijing Opera Club in Pingyang County, Zhejiang Province. Local Beijing Opera buffs in the county regard him as their leader. In December 2005, the Ministry of Culture held a ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing to commend organizations and enthusiasts from all over the country for their passionate promotion of various kinds of traditional operas. At this ceremony, Dong received a medal for his meritorious promotion of Beijing Opera and his club was also commended.

Dong's passion for performing arts started early in his life. He joined andrama troupe during his middle school years. When he studied in a medical institute in Hangzhou, he was the conductor of the school's singing group and won honors at the citywide competitions. After he came to Pingyang, he began to take lessons in Beijing Opera from a local Beijing Opera fan.

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The 71-year-old Beijing Opera zealot comments on his passion for and understanding of Beijing Opera: "It the outset, I thought Beijing Opera could refine my personality, give me fun, and sublimate my spirit. However, the more I know about it, the more I see in it. Beijing Opera is a great and profound art. It represents our nation's fine cultural tradition. The opera touches one's heart and soul. And it is the sound of our nation. What is more, it conveys traditional virtues such as loyalty and filial piety, and promotes our national spirit. The opera can contribute to social harmony and cultural improvement."It was only natural that Dong would organize a club to promote Beijing Opera in Pingyang. In 1992, Dong and his wife came back from a study journey of Beijing Opera and hit upon the idea of organizing local fans into a club. With preparations of four months, the club was founded in 1992 with the government's approval. In 1996, he closed his clinic and devoted his time entirely to the club. He put up 5,000 yuan as startup fund and raised money through tireless lobbying. With the money, he bought a video tape recorder, a VCD player and acoustics. He records Beijing Opera highlights from CCTV which has an exclusive channel for traditional operas, and transcribe the arias, spoken parts, and percussion scores so that the club members can rehearse and put on shows. He even adapts some TV programs into Beijing Opera plays and directs them.

When the club's fame spread far and wide, CCTV, the country's number one television giant sent a group of journalists to report the club activities. The program was screened eight times on CCTV channels 3, 4, and 8 in May and June 1998. In 2003, the club's Beijing Opera shows were again screened in CCTV.

In order to publicize the club achievements, Dong Weitong decided to compile an album entitled The Sound of Beijing Opera in Pingyang. After the work began, his wife was hospitalized for a spine operation. Dong moved his work to the ward. He took care of his wife meanwhile he proofread the manuscript and studied the layout designs. He had worked on the album for about 400 days before it was published.

Dong Weitong has been teaching two Beijing Opera classes at the college for senior citizens since 1995. In order to prepare for these classes, he bought a lot of books as well as audio and video materials. In the past 10 years, he has written three teaching materials for his students. He has organized 48 shows for fans to stage their singings and 13 performances of Beijing Opera highlights.

On his 70th birthday in 2005, he organized a party and invited more than 100 Beijing Opera amateurs. They had a good time singing Beijing Opera arias and then the club members staged various highlights at a local theater the next day. It was the first time that such a privately funded Beijing Opera show was ever performed in Wenzhou. The local media covered the event. China Beijing Opera and a Taiwan newspaper also reported the event.

(Translated by David)