The kulaks assertion of Mao between the final form of the socialist transformati

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Abstract：In the transition period， mao's attitudes to the kulak and kulak economy turned a few degrees. This article attempts to elaborate on the whole process of saving the rich peasant economy economically， and remaining neutral kulak politically at the formation beginning of the People's Republic， moreover，this article also analyses its causes， in order to understand the initial conditions of the attitude to the kulak policy conversion.

Key words： transitional period；Mao Zedong；kulak

中图分类号：K26 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5312（2013）35-0154-01

January 1， 1955， the People's Daily editorial "greet 1955 task" that kulaks as a class， it is one of the last rural exploiting class ...... in our economic development can be used to limit the kulak way， the gradual elimination of the kulaks economy.""Restrictions and the elimination of the kulaks exploitation is the inevitable trend of social development， is irresistible". Thus， in politics the kulak only "completely abandoned kulak exploitation and transformed into the working people themselves"， than can change the composition.[1]6-7 Restrictions on economic kulak economy has become a means of destroying the rich peasant economy， the means of destroying the rich peasants are forced kulak abandoned kulak exploitation in politically， by changing the composition of the socialist transformation. July 31， 1955， Mao Zedong made a report "Agricultural Cooperative questions" on provincial， municipal and district secretary of the meeting. His elimination of the kulaks and the elimination of the kulaks economic policy made a more complete explanation. Ingredient questions about cooperative members， he believes that "in recent years， yet the basic co-operative in all areas， firmly not to receive landlords and rich peasants to join cooperatives. And in the areas of co-operative has been basically in the co-op has been consolidating those， you can.[2]69 but also by asking them to participate in collective labor to transform them. On whether the damage on agricultural co-worker-peasant alliance issues， he think that the presence in the countryside is rich peasants like sea of capitalist ownership and the ownership of the same individual farmers' case， only" the progressive realization of socialist industrialization and progressive realization of the opponent industrial， commercial and industrial capitalist society doctrine transformation， while progressive realization of the socialist transformation of agriculture as a whole， namely the implementation of co-operative， eliminate the kulaks and individual economic systems and economic systems in the rural areas， so that all the common prosperity of rural people together "[2] 78-79 in order to continuously consolidate the worker-peasant alliance. As can be seen from these elaborate means of destroying the rich peasant economy of the Mao Zedong economy is agricultural cooperatives， also contributed to the political elimination of the kulaks kulak join cooperatives， collective labor component of the transformation of the kulaks way to achieve the purpose of the elimination of the kulaks. The report in the October 11， 1955， adopted the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sixth plenary （enlarged） meeting and the resolutions by way of energizing the whole party. Agricultural co-operative manner to make the eradication of Mao rich peasant economy， eliminate the kulaks class ideology became the guiding ideology of the party in the future rural work.

With the arrival of the climax of the socialist transformation of the countryside， is rapidly isolate kulaks， rich peasants want to always want to survive， you have to participate in rural cooperatives， abandoned kulak exploitation， to participate in collective labor， and ultimately change the social composition. To end of 1956， after a year of "eliminating the kulaks"， resulting in rich peasant economy already eliminated， kulak class had disappeared. However， after the completion of the socialist transformation of agriculture， with Mao's socialist construction and exploration of the continuing need to pour the class struggle "left"， leading to the kulaks as Zihui said， "After attending cooperatives， does not mean changing the ingredients".[3]245 Even to the last kind enough to landowners， rightist， reactionary plan together for the black four， has been targeted by the class struggle until the end of the Cultural Revolution. October 1984， the CCP conducted last batch of rich peasants "uncap" so that the "kulaks" has since become a historical concept.

References：

[1] Chinese Communist Party Literature Research Center compiled： "Since the founding of Selected Important Documents （1955） first" [Z]. Central Literature Publishing House， 1993.

[2] Chinese Communist Party Literature Research Center compiled： "Since the founding of Selected Important Documents （1955） two" [Z]. Central Literature Publishing House， 1993.

[3] PLA National Defense University， the Department of Lands and History of the CPC Party Building History Teaching Resources： Article 21[Z]. Internal issue.