定语从句与名词性从句易错点评析
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易错点一：对动词是否及物的判断不准确造成的错误
【例1】——I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
——That’s ___________I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how
C. when D. what
【解析】A disagree一词为不及物动词，后面不能直接加宾语，而本题要我们选择表语从句的引导词，正因为disagree一词不及物，因此不能选择what来引导，what需要在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。本题选择where来引导，它在从句中作地点状语，意思理解为“这正是我不同意的地方”。
【练一练】
（1） ——How do you think I can make up with Jack？
——Set aside___________you disagree and try to find___________you have in common.
A. what； what
B. what； where
C. where； what
D. where； whether
（2）The practical and forward—looking teaching of Tsinghua University has been in step with___________our country’s economy is heading， and therefore it has turned out a large number of leading figures for all fronts.
A. what B. where
C. that D. how
易错点二：固定短语或结构掌握不牢固造成的错误
【例2】——We shall take the conditions into careful account___________you have attached to this contract.
——Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.
A. as B. which
C. where D. what
【解析】B 由于对短语attach sth to sth不熟悉，掌握不牢固，造成很多同学在选择时的错误。本题实际上是一个定语从句，引导词代替先行词condition在从句中充当attach后面的宾语，因此which一词符合。
【例3】The south pole isn’t___________people could find a comfortable place to live in， for the average winter temperature there is below —40℃.
A. where B. what
C. which D. that
【解析】B 本题是一个表语从句，但是在分析表语从句中的成分时可能会出现偏差，很多学生会认为动词find后面的宾语已经存在即a comfortable place，因此判定为表语从句中的主谓宾齐全，从而选择where来作地点状语。实际上find一词可以使用“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构。本题选择what，引导词what作find后面的宾语，而a comfortable place则作为宾补成分。
【练一练】
（3）Behavioral genetics is an important subject， which provides information about the extent ___________biology（生理） influences mind， brain and behavior.
A. of which
B. to which
C. of what
D. to what
（4）You must take a careful look at the conditions___________the other side attaches to the contract before you sign it.
A. what B. as
C. on which D. that
【例4】——Mr. Parker is so ambitious. He is seeking any opportunity to get promoted.
——That’s understandable.___________you are in our company determines how well you are paid and___________you can do with your life.
A. Who； that
B. How； what
C. What； that
D. Where； what
【解析】D where一词引导名词性从句通常在从句中充当地点状语，但有时where一词也可以充当表语。对where一词这一用法的不了解也极容易造成解题的错误。本题中第一空为主语从句，引导词在从句中充当表语，并且根据上下文的意思，要表达的是：你在公司中所处的位置（即职位的高低）决定了你被支付的工资。因此第一空where符合，而第二空则为宾语从句，引导词在宾语从句中充当do后面的宾语，因此what符合。