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p35和EBI3mRNA在结肠癌组织中的表达及意义

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[摘要] 目的 探讨p35和EBI3 mRNA在结直肠癌中的表达并分析其临床意义。 方法 RT-PCR检测30例结肠癌组织、30例癌旁组织和20例正常结肠组织中p35和EBI3 mRNA表达情况及与患者临床病理特征的关系。 结果 结肠癌组织p35和EBI3 mRNA相对表达量均显著高于癌旁组织和正常结肠组织(P均

[关键词] 结肠癌;p35;EBI3;IL-35;RT-PCR

[中图分类号] R735.35 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2014)13-24-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA in colorectal cancer and analysis its correlation with clinicopathological features. Methods The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA in 30 cases of colorectal cancer and their corresponding adjacent tissues, and 20 cases of normal tissues were detected by RT-PCR. And the relationships between the p35 and EBI3 gene mRNA expression and clinicopathological features, metastasis were analyzed. Results P35 and EBI3 mRNA were higher expression in colorectal cancer than cancer corresponding adjacent tissues and normal tissues, respectively. The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA were correlated with clinicopathological features, tissue types and lymph node metastasis, but not with age and gender. The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA in Dukes C and D stages were significantly higher than that in Dukes A and B stages respectively. The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA in lowly- and non-differentiated tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in highly- and moderately-differentiated tumor tissues, respectively. The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA in patients with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in no lymph node metastasis patients, respectively. The expression of p35 mRNA has a positive correlation with the expression ofEBI3 mRNA in cancer tissue. Conclusion The expression of p35 and EBI3 mRNA is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tumor tissues and closely associated with clinicopathological features. IL-35 may play an important role in colon cancer tumor microenvironment.

[Key words] Colorectal cancer; P35; EBI3; IL-35; RT-PCR

结肠癌是一种常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,占胃肠道肿瘤的第3位。近年来,其发病率与病死率均呈上升的趋势,其发病年龄主要在40~60岁。目前结肠癌的治疗主要以手术治疗为主,同时可辅助放射治疗、化学治疗、免疫治疗、基因治疗及中医药治疗等。在这些辅治疗中,尤为免疫治疗备受青睐。因此寻找最佳的免疫治疗方案和措施对结肠癌的辅助治疗尤为重要。p35和EBI3是组成抗炎症细胞因子IL-35的两个亚基,具有独特的生物学功能。IL-35是一种负向免疫调节因子,在抑制效应 T 细胞增殖,Th17 细胞分化和 IL-17的合成方面发挥重要作用[1-3]。目前有关p35和EBI3 mRNA在结肠癌发生、发展中的作用还未见报道,本研究旨在以结肠癌患者为研究对象,探讨p35和EBI3 mRNA在结肠癌中的表达意义

1 材料与方法

1.1 一般资料

收集2012年5月~2013年5月东莞市太平人民医院肝肠外科手术切除的结肠癌组织及相对应癌旁(距离癌组织4cm以外)组织标本30例,其中男17例,女13例,年龄31~66岁,平均45.3岁。所有患者经本院病理科确诊后,依世界卫生组织(WHO)分类法进行临床病理特征分类。组织学分型:高分化癌8例、中分化癌6例、低分化癌8例、未分化癌8例。Dukes分期:A期8例、B期9例、C期11例、D期2例。所有患者均为新发病例在行手术前均未进行过放疗或化疗。此外,选取同期正常结肠组织20例,其中男11例,女9例,年龄30~62岁,平均年龄44.7岁,作为对照组。术后所有组织标本即刻剪成适量大小置于液氮中保存备用。

1.2 主要试剂与仪器

Trizol试剂、RT-PCR试剂盒、DNA marker均为TaKaRa大连公司产品;人p35、EBI3和β-actin引物由上海生工公司合成;PCR仪和ChemiDox XRS凝胶成像系统购自于美国Bio-RAD公司。

1.3 实验方法

1.3.1 RNA提取 将置于液氮中的组织标本迅速取出于组织研磨器中快速研碎后,加入1mL Trizol,反复抽吸吹打裂解细胞后,转移至1.5mL 灭酶EP管中,室温放置10min,加入200μL氯仿剧烈振荡15s,室温放置5min,4℃,12000rpm离心15min,吸上清至另一1.5mL灭酶EP管中;加入等体积异丙醇混匀,上下混匀30s,室温放置10min,4℃,12000rpm离心10min,弃上清,用75%乙醇洗两次,振荡器震荡30s,4℃,7500rpm离心5min;弃上清,真空干燥10min,沉淀溶于50μLDEPC水中,56℃水浴助溶10min。吸取5μL 提取的RNA,加95μL DEPC水稀释后用紫外分光光度计检测OD260及OD260/OD280值,OD260/OD280值在1.8~2.0之间,表示RNA纯度高,RNA浓度按下式计算:浓度(μg/mL)=OD260×稀释倍数×40,定量后,经逆转录反应合成cDNA。

1.3.2 RT-PCR p35基因上游引物:5’-CTTCAATCTAGGCGAGGCGA-3’,下游引物:5’-GGCGAGTTCCATTTCTCCAC-3’扩增长度为138bp;EBI3基因上游引物:5’- CGGGACACCTGTTGGAG-3’,下游引物:5’-ACAGTTCAGTCAGCCCTGC-3’扩增长度为196bp;内参β-actin基因上游引物:5’-CTTTCAGAATCAGGGAACAAT-3’,下游引物:5’-CGTAGAGATGAGAGTTTCACACA-3’扩增长度为135bp。以上述cDNA为模板,严格按照RT-PCR试剂盒操作说明书进行PCR反应。PCR反应条件:95℃预变性 1.5min;94℃变性20s,56℃退火40s,72℃延伸1min,循环35次,最后72℃延伸10min。产物经2.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,凝胶成像系统进行拍照,采用Image J软件分析p35,EBI3和β-actin 基因电泳条带吸光度值,计算p35和EBI3 mRNA的相对表达量。

1.4 统计学分析

采用Graphpad prism5.0软件进行统计学分析。计量资料采用()表示,组间比较采用t检验,相关性分析采用Pearson相关,以P

2 结果

2.1 p35和EBI3 mRNA在结肠组织中的表达

p35 mRNA在结肠癌、结肠癌癌旁组织和正常结肠组织中的相对表达量分别为(0.4932±0.03034)、(0.3616±0.01829)和(0.2516±0.02237)。p35 mRNA在结肠癌组织中的相对表达量显著高于癌旁组织(t=3.725,P=0.0004)及正常结肠组织(t=5.825,P

2.2 p35和EBI3 mRNA表达与患者临床病理特征的关系

结肠癌组织中p35和EBI3 mRNA相对表达量与患者的性别、年龄无关(P均>0.05),而与组织Dukes分期、组织学分型和淋巴结转移相关(P均

Dukes C~D期EBI3 mRNA相对表达量明显高于DukesA~B期(t=3.479,P=0.0017),高、中分化癌组织EBI3 mRNA相对表达量明显低于低、未分化组织(t=2.775,P=0.0097),淋巴结转移患者EBI3 mRNA相对表达量显著高于未转移患者(t=2.800,P=0.0092)。

2.3 相关性分析

Pearson相关性分析显示,癌组织p35和EBI3 mRNA相对表达量呈正相关(r=0.5308,P=0.0025)。

3 讨论

IL-35是2007年由Collison等新发现的一种抗炎症细胞因子,属IL-12家族新成员,并同家族其他成员(IL-12、IL-23和IL-27)一样为I型细胞因子[1]。IL-12家族成员由IgSF、CKR或Fn3结构域组成异源二聚体,每一个异源二聚体细胞因子均由一个单体4-折叠螺旋束样细胞因子亚单位(p35、p19、p28、p35)和一个可溶型细胞因子受体样亚单位(p40和EBI3)组成,具有独特的生物学功能[1-2]。目前,对IL-35表达和功能的研究主要集中在Treg细胞,但基因表达谱分析显示,IL-35具有更广泛的组织分布[4]。最近Shen等还发现TLR4和CD40信号活化的B细胞也能分泌IL-35[5]。研究显示胎盘滋养层细胞EBI3和p35基因均呈现高表达,且在人类足月正常胎盘滋养细胞中EBI3表达与p35表达密切相关[6]。EBI3也表达于霍奇金淋巴瘤细胞、髓性白血病细胞和肺癌细胞等[7-9]。EBI3+肿瘤细胞中可检测到p35蛋白表达,但检测不到p28蛋白表达,说明肿瘤细胞可能产生IL-35,而不是IL-27。在肿瘤微环境中普遍存在Foxp3+ Tregs或其他Tregs细胞,这些均是肿瘤微环境中IL-35的主要来源[10]。此外,肿瘤浸润性DC细胞也表达EBI3蛋白[7]。IL-35可能在肿瘤微环境中发挥重要作用,特别是影响肿瘤特异性T细胞反应和肿瘤发生、发展[11]。近来研究报道,EBI3和P35均表达于人类的大B细胞淋巴瘤,鼻咽癌,黑色素瘤和淋巴结转移性恶性黑色素瘤,以及各种肿瘤细胞株[12]。Treg源性IL-35可抑制抗肿瘤的T细胞反应,小片段RNA技术干扰肺癌细胞EBI3表达可抑制癌细胞增殖,EBI3稳定表达可促进癌细胞生长[9]。另外,肺癌细胞中EBI3表达越高、患者预后越差[9]。最近Wang等[13]通过脂质体转染EBI3和p35共表达质粒来研究肿瘤源性IL-35通过增强骨髓细胞的积累,肿瘤血管生成,抑制肿瘤免疫等方式促进肿瘤细生长。我们课题组前期通过免疫组织化学技术和激光共聚焦技术也发现EBI3和p35蛋白质在结肠癌组织中高表达,且与肿瘤恶性程度呈正相关[14]。本研究通过RT-PCR检测也发现癌组织EBI3和p35mRNA相对表达量明显高于癌旁组织和正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而与组织Dukes分期、组织学分型和淋巴结转移相关(P

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(收稿日期:2014-04-21)