英语文化和创新思维引领下的高中阅读教学

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传统英语教学的弊端之一是过多关注语言知识的机械式传授，忽略对学生思维能力和创新能力的培养，忽略语言文化习得和跨文化交际能力的培养。作为高中英语教师，在阅读教学中不但要夯实学生的语言基本功，提升学生理解与获取信息的能力，还应结合学生思想敏捷、眼界开阔、求新求异、富有朝气的特点，创设激发学生创新思维的活动，引领自主探究英语文化。

一、在阅读前让学生对阅读材料产生兴趣和期待

教学人教版选修8 Unit 5 “Meeting your ancestors”中的课文“A Visit to the Zhoukoudian Caves”前，我引导学生“to act as an archaeologist to make tentative guess about Peking Man’s life according to the needle and thread and the necklace.”学生分组讨论后得出如下观点。

From the needle and thread， the students got the following guesses：

1. The fact that people then used bone needles shows that they did not use metal and they hunted animals.

2. They were very clever because they could make a hole at the end of the needle， which was not an easy task.

3. They repaired or made clothes.

4. They might use animal skins to make the clothes.

From the necklace：

5. That people then wore necklace shows that they cared about their appearance and loved beauty. So we can see that loving beauty is the nature of human beings.

6. The beads were made of animal bones. We can guess people then hunted animals.

7. The fact that some beads were made of fish bone shows that there used to be a lake or river nearby， where people caught and ate fish.

8. From the fact that some of the beads were made of seashells， we can predict that early people might travel to the sea which is far from Zhoukoudian or trade with other groups of people.

二、阅读中探究阅读文本涉及到的文化知识

全文理解了人教版必修1 Unit 2“English Around the World”的课文“THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH”后，我引导学生对英语的发展历史进行更深层次的理解，就课文中的“Why has English changed over time？”分小组讨论。我设置了下面的问题：Why was English based more on German than English and then became less like German？ Why did these new settlers enrich the English language and especially its vocabulary？通过学生的思考、讨论和语言的加工，他们表述的英语发展史无疑带上了语言特色和符合他们时代和年龄的特点。如一个小组作了如下的表述。

The history of English is the history of English Being Conquered and Conquering

At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. It was probably because at that time England was conquered by German. Then between about AD 800 and 1150， England was conquered first by Danish and then by French. For their convenience， these conquerors or rulers might use their languages as the official languages. So during these periods， the new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.