88例脑梗死患者颈动脉彩超检查结果分析
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[摘要] 目的 观察彩色多普勒超声检测脑梗死患者的颈动脉斑块形成及斑块稳定性的效果，探讨其与脑梗死的相关性。方法 回顾性分析本院88例脑梗死患者的临床资料，其中复发脑梗死40例，初发脑梗死48例，对照组为本院同期健康体检者60例，均行颈动脉彩超检查，分析各组受检对象的双侧颈动脉彩超检查结果。 结果 脑梗死组的斑块形成比例高于对照组（P < 0.05）；对照组与脑梗死组的血流动力学指标两两比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 彩超检查颈动脉有助于评估脑梗死发生的风险、脑梗死复发的危险性。
[关键词] 脑梗死；颈动脉粥样硬化斑块；彩超；检查
[中图分类号] R445.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1674-4721（2012）07（b）-0122-02
Analysis of carotid artery color dopplar ultrasound examination results in 88 patients with cerebral infarction
YIN Baojiang
Department of Ultrasonography, the People's Hospital of Wugang City in He'nan Province, Wugang 462500, China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the carotid plaque formation and plaque instability of cerebral infarction patients and explore the relationship between carotid plaque stability and cerebral infarction. Methods Clinical data of 88 cases of patients with cerebral infarction in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, among whom 40 cases with recurrent cerebral infarction and 48 cases with incipient cerebral infarction, at the same time 60 cases of healthy examination person in our hospital were selected as the control group. All patients were conducted carotid artery color dopplar ultrasound examination. The results of bilateral carotid artery color dopplar ultrasound examination of the two groups were analyzed. Results Plaques form proportion of the cerebral infarction group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters of the two groups were compared between the cerebral infarction group and the control group , the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Carotid artery color dopplar ultrasound examination is helpful to evaluate the risk of occurrence and recurrence of cerebral infarction.
[Key words] Cerebral infarction; Carotid atherosclerotic plaque; Color dopplar ultrasound; Examination
颈动脉是脑供血的主要通道，脑梗死发生的最常见原因是颈动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死，约占所有脑梗死的70%[1]。临床研究表明，颈动脉粥样斑块硬化是引起脑梗死的重要原因之一，同时也是脑梗死复发的独立危险因素[2]。彩超检查对颈动脉粥样硬化的评价有独特的优点，本文主要探讨彩超检查颈动脉粥样硬化的发生、管腔狭窄、斑块稳定性与脑梗死的关联，为临床提供参考依据，现报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2008年3月～2010年8月本院收治的88例脑梗死患者（脑梗死组），均由头颅CT、MIR检查而确诊，其中复发脑梗死40例（男性22例、女性18例），初发脑梗死48例（男性27例、女性21例），年龄53～76 岁，平均（67.5±3.2）岁。选择同期健康体检者60例为对照组，经头颅CT、MRI检查无异常，男性29例、女性31例，年龄50～78岁，平均（65.8±4.0）岁。对比两组受检者的年龄、性别、文化程度等一般资料，差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05），具有可比性。
1.2 方法
所有受检对象均采用日立EUB-7000型彩超仪检查，探头频率7～13 MHz，取仰卧位暴露颈部，头转向对侧，分别扫查颈总动脉主干（CCA）、颈总动脉分叉处（BIF）、颈内动脉（ICA）颅外部分，观察并记录的指标包括：内膜-中膜厚度（IMT）；颈动脉斑块的位置、大小、内部回声情况血流动力学指标：收缩期峰值流速（PSV）、舒张末期流速（EDV）。