牡蛎发挥净水功能
开篇：润墨网以专业的文秘视角，为您筛选了一篇牡蛎发挥净水功能范文，如需获取更多写作素材，在线客服老师一对一协助。欢迎您的阅读与分享！
The waters around New York City used to be home to millions of oysters. Rich and poor 2)dined on them and they were one of the city’s biggest exports. But the water became more and more polluted and the oysters 3)died off. And with them went the 4)bivalve’s incredible ability to help clean the water.
Dr. Ray Grizzle: When they feed, the upper 5)valve raises up, and they have 6)ciliated 7)gills, these sheets of 8)tissue, and pump water through them. And as the water goes through them, there’s a gas exchange, gills, same as in fish, but in the case of the oyster, the…the 9)particles that are in the water are filtered out as well.
These waters, 10)in the shadow of New York’s LaGuardia Airport, are anything but clean. But slowly, Dr. Ray Grizzle and his team are trying to help oysters take root again. Not too long ago you wouldn’t have found any oysters in this water, but things are changing.
Dr. Grizzle: So we’ve got a…we’ve got an oyster that’s fully reproducing female, probably, two years headin’ into its 3rd year, and…and looks good and healthy. Good girl. This is the really good news.
Kate Orff is a landscape architect, and she’s hoping to put bivalves’ unique ability to clean to good use. Orff sees a future where oysters and other bivalves can help reshape the urban landscape, even help the Gowanas Canal, one of the nation’s most polluted waterways, become an attraction.
Kate Orff: Oyster-tecture was 11)conceptualized as setting into motion a system where baby oysters could be seeded in the Gowanas and then flow out and build up and develop on the Bay Ridge Flats, which we’re calling the, sort of, Palisades Bay Reef. So you have the cycle set in motion of, sort of, baby oysters, reef building, cleaner water.
Orff and Grizzle both know that oysters are not the sole solution. The city needs to want the waterways to be clean and take the necessary steps in that direction. While oysters can’t do it on their own, Grizzle believes they can help.
Dr. Grizzle: The thing about oyster restoration that’s different than perhaps just about any other efforts that I know of, it has multiple benefits; the 12)habitat quality that improves habitat for fish and various other species, and it also provides water filtration that will affect water quality.
These oysters won’t be going for three bucks a pop in the city. They are not for consumption. But Grizzle hopes the more of them that grow, the cleaner the water will get, and maybe in the future oysters from these waters will be clean enough to 13)shuck.
纽约周边的水域曾经栖息着几百万只牡蛎，无论贫富，这个城市的居民都会将它们摆上餐桌；它们也曾是这个城市最主要的出口物。后来，这里的水污染越来越严重，牡蛎也逐渐灭绝。随之一同消失的，还有这种双壳贝类惊人的净水能力。
雷·格力兹博士：牡蛎进食时，上壳抬起，它们有带纤毛的腮，也就是这薄薄的几层组织，把水吸入腮中。水进入腮后，会有一次气体交换，牡蛎的腮和鱼类相似，但牡蛎会过滤水中的微粒。
这片位于纽约拉瓜迪亚机场附近的水域污浊不清。但逐渐地，雷·格力兹博士和他的团队尝试让牡蛎在这里重新扎根。不久以前，你很难在这里发现牡蛎的踪影，但现在情况开始发生改变了。
格力兹博士：我们这里有只……完全具备生殖能力的雌牡蛎，大约两岁多，快三岁了，看上去非常健康。好样的。这真是个好消息。
凯特·奥尔夫是名园林技师，她希望能很好地利用双壳贝独一无二的净水能力。奥尔夫预计在不久的将来，牡蛎和其他双壳贝可以重塑城市景观，甚至可以把戈万纳斯运河——全美污染最严重的河道之一——改造成观光景点。
凯特·奥尔夫：牡蛎结构学这个概念已成形，并且这个体系已经开始运作：在戈万纳斯运河育苗，再将它们放养出去，在湾岭浅滩形成我们称作帕利塞兹湾礁的地方。这个循环不断重复：育苗、建礁、净水。
奥尔夫和格力兹都知道，牡蛎并不是净水的惟一救星。这个城市需要决意净化水道，并向这个方向努力，采取必要措施。牡蛎并不能凭一己之力扭转乾坤，但格力兹认为它们能帮上大忙。
格力兹博士：让牡蛎重回该水域，这与我所知道的其他任何净水方式都有所不同，它有很多好处：它可以改善鱼类及其他许多生物的栖息地环境；它可以滤化水杂质，从而改善水质。
这些牡蛎不会在市面上以三美元一只的价格出售，它们不是食用牡蛎。但格力兹希望，随着牡蛎数量的增多，水质会逐步改善，将来终有一天，这里出产的牡蛎也能重回人们的餐桌。
牡蛎A B C
牡蛎，又称蚝、生蚝、蚵仔、海蛎子、蛎黄、蚝白、青蚵、牡蛤、蛎蛤、硴
牡蛎壳上有许多类似年轮的圈，每圈需要一年生长。数这些圈，便可以知道牡蛎的年龄。
牡蛎多为雌雄异体，但也有雌雄同体者。食用牡蛎（即欧洲平牡蛎）能按季节或随水温的变化而改变性别。