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不同剂量的盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠认知功能的影响

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[摘要] 目的 观察腹腔注射不同剂量盐酸戊乙奎醚大鼠认知功能及大鼠海马胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)阳性细胞数量的影响。 方法 12月龄Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为4组(n = 8)。对照组:腹腔注射生理盐水2 mL;PL组:注射盐酸戊乙奎醚0.64 mg/kg;PM组盐酸戊乙奎醚1.28 mg/kg组(PH)组盐酸戊乙奎醚2.56 mg/kg。连续3 d腹腔给药,停药1d后进行Morris水迷宫行为测试。测试结束后立即处死大鼠,取海马组织,进行免疫组织化学染色,测定海马胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)的表达。 结果 水迷宫测试结果: PM组和PH组大鼠的潜伏期(2~3 d)和游泳距离均明显长于PL组和NS组(P < 0.05)。ChAT在PL组和NS组海马内表达均显著高于PM组和PH组(P < 0.05)。 结论 腹腔重复注射较大剂量盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠的认知功能有明显损害作用,而注射小剂量的盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠的认知功能无明显损害作用。

[关键词] 盐酸戊乙奎醚;认知功能;胆碱乙酰转移酶

[中图分类号] R749.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673—9701(2012)25—0005—02

Effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on cognitive function in aged rats

WANG Tingting1 DING Ming2 FU Chunlan2

1.Department of Anesthesiology of Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261000, China; 2.Department of Anesthesiology, the Eighty—ninth Hospital of PLA, Weifang 261000, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of Penehyclidine hydrochloride on cognitive function and choline acetyltransterase (ChAT) in the hippocampus of aged rats. Methods Thirty—two 12—month—old wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8). Control group (NS group): normal saline 2 mL; hydrochloric penehyclidine 0.64mg/kg (PL) group; hydrochloride penehyclidine 1.28 mg/kg (PM) group and the hydrochloric penehyclidine 2.56 mg/kg (PH) group, each group received intraperitoneal per day for three days. One day after the last drug administration, the animals underwent Morris water maze test, The animals were killed after last test. The hippocampus samples were harvested to determine the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus using immunohistochemistry. Results The water maze test results: the latent period (2—3 d) and swimming distance of PM and PH group were significantly longer than the PL and NS group(P < 0.05), the expression of ChAT in the hippocampus of the PL and NS group were significantly higher than the PM and PH group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The repeated injections of high doses of Penehyclidine hydrochloride have significant effect on learning and memory ability of rat, but low dose has no obvious effect.

[Key words] Penehyclidine hydrochloride; Cognitive function; ChAT

术后认知功能障碍(postoperation cognitive dysfunction,POCD)指患者在手术后出现的中枢神经系统并发症,表现为精神错乱、焦虑、人格的改变及记忆受损。在老年人群中, POCD有较高的发生率,据研究推测,中枢特定脑区的胆碱能通路参与了老年人POCD的发生[1]。盐酸戊乙奎醚(Penehyclidine hydrochloride)是一种新型的抗胆碱能药物,对M1和M3受体具有高度的选择性,有较强的抑制腺体分泌作用,对心脏M2受体无明显作用[2],被越来越广泛地用于临床麻醉的术前用药。但是术前抗胆碱能药物可干扰脑信息的存储过程特别是随着抗胆碱能药物剂量增大,导致记忆功能损害[3]。本研究旨在研究盐酸戊乙奎醚的不同使用剂量对大鼠认知功能的影响,为临床合理应用麻醉前用药提供安全性依据。