Units1-3易混词语辨析

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⒈dress, be/get dressed, put on, wear, be in/in, try on

【辨析】dress意为“穿衣服”，不用于穿鞋、袜等，表示穿衣的动作。 dress sb. 表示“给某人穿衣服”， dress 作不及物动词时，表示穿好衣服。dress up表示“乔装打扮”。例如：

The mother dresses her daughter every morning.

这位母亲每天早上给女儿穿衣服。

She likes to dress up for a party.

她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。

be / get dressed意为“穿衣服”，表示穿衣动作或穿衣的状态。例如：

She is dressed very well.

她穿得很漂亮。

His grandma can’t wash or get dressed herself.

他奶奶不能自己洗漱穿衣。

put on意为“穿上，戴上”，强调穿戴的动作，其反义词是 take off ，on 是副词，若用代词作宾语,则应将代词放在 put和on之间。例如：

He is putting on his school uniform.

他正在穿校服。

This is your raincoat, please put it on.

这是你的雨衣，请穿上。

wear意为“穿着，戴着”，强调穿戴的状态。例如：

Lucy is wearing a light blue dress today.

今天露茜穿着一条浅蓝色的连衣裙。

He often wears glasses.

他经常戴着眼镜。

介词in意为“穿着”，后接表示颜色或衣服的词。例如：

The girl in a red coat is my sister.

穿红色外套的女孩是我妹妹。

Mr Li is in a blue suit today.

李先生今天穿着一件蓝色外套。

try on意为“试穿”，若用代词it或them作宾语，该代词应位于try和on之间。例如：

Do you like the pair of shoes? Try them on.

这双鞋你喜欢吗?穿上试试。

【跟踪训练】

⑴My mother looks very beautiful_________her red skirt.

⑵It’s safe for the workers to ___________ glasses over their eyes.

⑶ She was___________in red.

⑷ If you want this pair of pants,you can them___________.

⑸It’s too cold outside. Please your coat.

Key：⑴ in⑵ wear⑶ dressed⑷ try/ put，on ⑸ put on

⒉no one, nobody , none

【辨析】no one相当于nobody 意为“没有人”，只能指人，不能指物。作主语时谓语动词一般用单数。两者都不可以与of连用，可以用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句。例如：

No one (Nobody) likes her.

没人喜欢她。

―Who is in the classroom?

―Nobody/ No one.

――谁在教室里？

――没有人。

none指三者或三者以上“没有一个（一点）”，既可指人，也可指物。作主语时，谓语既可用单数，也可用复数。可与of连用，如果构成“none of+不可数名词”结构则谓语动词必须为单数。例如：

None of my friends know(knows) about it.

我的朋友中没人知道这件事。

None of that money on the table is mine.

桌上没有一分钱是我的。

None of the telephones is（are) working.

没有一部电话可以用。

none还可用于回答how many或how much引导的特殊疑问句，表示数量。例如：

―How many birds are there in the tree？

―None.

――树上有多少只鸟？

――一只也没有。

【跟踪训练】

⑴___________of the money is lost.

⑵___________ told us about it.

⑶___________ of these books are(is) good.

(4)___________failed in the exam.

Key: ⑴None ⑵Nobody/ No one⑶None(4) Nobody/ No one

3. alone , lonely

【辨析】alone作形容词和副词，意为“单独的/地、无伴的/地、独自一人”，相当于by oneself，强调没有别人。例如：

He is alone on the island.

= He is on the island by himself.

他独自在这个小岛上。

He alone knows the secret.

只有他一人知道这个秘密。

lonely作形容词，意为“孤独的、寂寞的”，是缺少朋友、家庭的一种悲伤、忧郁的情绪，作表语时指人所处的孤独状态，作定语时表示“荒凉”，具有浓厚的感彩。例如：

When his wife and two little children left him, he was very lonely.

妻子和两个孩子离他而去后,他很孤独。

She lives in a lonely mountain village.

她住在一个偏僻的山村。

【跟踪训练】

⑴ She lives ___________, but she doesn’t feel___________.

⑵He felt ___________ when his parents left the family.

⑶ He was ___________ in the bedroom.

Key：⑴ alone，lonely ⑵ lonely⑶ alone

4. keep， feed

【辨析】keep 为延续性动词指“饲养、赡养、照顾”的总体情况，不涉及具体动作。例如：

They kept many cows on the farm.

他们在农场养了好多奶牛。

Farmers usually keep chickens in their backyard.

农民们通常在自己的后院养鸡。

feed为非延续性动词，强调动作，意为“给……喂食、给……东西吃”。feed on指“（牛、羊、马等）吃东西、以……为食”，其宾语为食物或饲料等名词。例如：

She was feeding the baby with porridge.

她正给孩子喂粥。

Horses feed on grass.

马吃草（马以草为食）。

Have you fed the animals?

你喂过动物了吗？

【跟踪训练】

⑴ The farmer___________ many dogs every year.

⑵ They are ___________ the animals in the zoo now.

⑶ We ___________ birds last night.

Key：⑴ keeps⑵ feeding⑶ fed

5. human, person, people

【辨析】human相当于human being，将人与其它动物、神仙、鬼等区别时用human，不同于生活中所指的人。humans，human beings表示“人类”。例如：

A human can think and talk, but an animal cannot.

人会思考和说话，但是动物就不能。

That was the beginning of the life of us humans.

那是我们人类生命的开始。

person意为“人”，包括大人和小孩，是最普通的说法，有复数形式。例如：

He is a young person.

他是一个年轻人。

We need two persons to help us.

我们需要两个人帮助我们。

people泛指“人们”，作主语时谓语用复数形式，可用some, many等修饰。the people意为“平民，老百姓”，peoples意为“民族”。例如：

Were there many people at the party?

参加晚会的人很多吗?

People in south China usually live on rice.

在中国南部人们通常以大米为食。

【跟踪训练】

⑴ I don’t know a ___________ at the party.

⑵ There are many ___________ in the park on weekends.

⑶ They have found several ___________ skeletons (骨骼).

Key：⑴ person ⑵ people/ persons ⑶ human / human being

6. too, also, either, as well

【辨析】too , also意为“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句中。too放在句末，前有逗号；also位于句中，放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。例如：

I like bananas, but I like oranges, too.

= I like bananas, but I also like oranges.

我喜欢香蕉，可我也喜欢柑橘。

either意为“也”，用于否定句，放在句末前有逗号。例如：

He didn’t buy a computer，and I didn’t buy one either.

他没买电脑，我也没买。

as well意为“也”，口语用语，用于肯定句，与too可互换，放在句末，但as well前不用逗号。例如：

He speaks English. But he knows French and German as well. / But he knows French and German ,too.

他说英语，但他也懂法语和德语。

注意：在 “Me too”“You too ”这类简略答语中，通常不用 as well 或 also。例如：

―I’m tired.

―Me too.

――我累了。

――我也是。

【跟踪训练】

⑴ I’m going to Beijing and my brother is going___________.

⑵ She is wrong. I am ___________ wrong.

⑶ He doesn’t know the truth，I don’t know，___________ .

⑷ She wants to eat an apple. Me___________.

Key：⑴ as well⑵ also⑶ either(4) too

7. surprise, surprised, surprising

【辨析】surprise既可作动词又可作名词，作动词时意为“使惊讶、意外”，作名词时意为“惊讶，意外的事”。常用词组: to one’s surprise（使某人惊奇的是……），in surprise（惊奇地）。例如：

You always surprise me.

你总是让我吃惊。

His success was a surprise to me.

他的成功令我惊讶。

To their surprise, the poor boy didn’t die.

使他们吃惊的是那个可怜的男孩没有死。

They looked at each other in surprise.

他们惊奇地相互看着。

surprised是形容词，意为“对……感到惊奇”，主语习惯上是人，有被动含义，常用词组be surprised at。 例如：

I was surprised at his answer.

我对他的回答感到吃惊。

surprising意为“使人惊奇的”，是形容词，有主动含义，作表语或定语。作表语时主语指事物。例如：

Your success is surprising.

你的成功令人吃惊。

His surprising success made us feel surprised.

他出人意料的成功使我们感到惊讶。

【跟踪训练】

⑴ To my___________, she looks so young.

⑵ She was ___________at her son’s words.

⑶ He looked up in ___________.

(4) The result is ___________.

Key：⑴ surprise⑵ surprised⑶ surprise

(4) surprising

8. until , till

【辨析】until ,till都可作连词或介词，一般可互换，表示“直到……之时、直到……为止”。例如：

Last night I didn’t get home until/ till ten o’clock.

昨天晚上直到10点我才到家。

We talked till/ until dawn.

我们一直谈到天亮。

until一般可放在句首， till不可放在句首。例如：

Until he returns, nothing can be done.

他不回来什么也不能做。

not until 可放在句首，主句倒装，not till 不可放在句首。例如：

Not until midnight did it stop raining.

直到半夜雨才停。

【跟踪训练】

⑴Go down this street___________ you reach the second traffic lights.

⑵ Not ___________ eleven o’clock did we begin today’s lesson.

⑶ He often works ___________late into night.

(4) I’ll wait___________I hear from you.

Key：⑴ until/ till ⑵until⑶ until/ till (4)until/ till

9. happen , take place

【辨析】happen一般指事情、事故的“发生”，强调偶然及意外。句型“It happens (to sb.) that...”表示“碰巧”的意思。例如：

The accident happened outside my house.

这个事故发生在我家房子的外面。

When did the earthquake happen?

这次地震什么时候发生的？

How does it happen that you know her?

你怎么会碰巧认识她？

take place 一般指有计划，事先安排好的事件、事情的发生，没有偶然性，还有按时“举行”的意思。例如：

When will your birthday party take place?

你的生日聚会什么时候举行？

When did the popular concert take place?

那场流行音乐会是什么时候举行的？

【跟踪训练】

⑴Great changes have___________in our school since 1999.

⑵ An accident___________to her last week.

⑶ The sports meeting will___________in our

school next week.

(4) It___________that I was not at home last night.

Keys：⑴ taken place⑵ happened⑶ take place(4) happened

10. amazing，amazed

【辨析】amazing意为“惊人的、了不起的”，一般表示褒义，多用来修饰事物，不用于修饰人，作表语或定语。例如：

What an amazing film！

多么了不起的一部电影啊！

She has amazing skills.

她有令人惊异的手艺。

amazed意为“吃惊的、惊异的”，多用于修饰人，作表语时用在“be (get)amazed at/ by/ to do...”结构中。例如：

He got amazed to hear the news.

听到这消息他很吃惊。

I was amazed at(by) her advice.

我对她的建议感到大为惊异。

【跟踪训练】

⑴ The new car goes at an___________speed.

⑵ They were___________to see the wonderfulscenery.

Key：⑴ amazing ⑵ amazed

11. shout at sb.， shout to sb.

【辨析】shout at sb. 意为“冲着……吼叫、喊叫”，含有责备、警告的意思， 态度不友好。例如：

Don’t shout at him. He is only a child.

别冲他大喊大叫。他只是一个孩子。

My mother was so angry that she shouted at me.

妈妈非常生气，对我大声吼叫。

shout to sb.意为“对着某人喊叫”，多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊，否则对方无法听见，不带生气等感彩。例如：

He shouted to me to come over to help.

他大声叫我过去帮忙。

He shouted to me when he saw a dog behind me.

当他看见我身后有一条狗时，便大声喊我。

【跟踪训练】

⑴The old lady___________the boy. He was too naughty(顽皮).

⑵ He___________his mother, but she didn’t hear his words.

⑶“Come and help me, please!”my mother ___________ me.

Key： ⑴ shouted at⑵ shouted to⑶ shouted to

12. murder, kill

【辨析】murder意为“谋杀”，指用事先策划好的、非法的手段杀害。例如：

He murdered his wife with a knife.

他用刀谋害了他的妻子。

kill意为“杀、杀死、弄死”，宾语可以是表示人的名词或代词,也可以是表示物的名词或代词，泛指造成任何生物死亡的事实。例如：

He tried to kill the snake, but it did not die.

他想弄死那条蛇，但它没有死。

The plants in the garden were killed by the dry weather.

干燥的天气使花园中的植物枯死了。

【跟踪训练】

⑴The young man ___________a person for his money.

⑵ He was ___________ in the battle（战役）.

⑶ Mr Green ___________ a chicken for us.

Key：⑴ murdered/ killed⑵ killed⑶ killed