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A
First aid is the action of limited care for an illness or injury in the beginning.It is usually performed by a lay person to a sick or injured patient until definitive medical treatment can be accessed.Certain selflimiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care.It generally consists of series of simple lifesaving techniques that an individual can be trained to perform with minimal equipment．
While first aid can also be performed on animals，the term generally refers to care of human patients．
Certain skills are considered essential to the action of first aid and are taught everywhere.Particularly，the “ABC”s of first aid，which focus on critical lifesaving action，must be rendered before treatment of less serious injuries.ABC stands for Airway，Breathing，and Circulation.The same mnemonic is used by all emergency health professionals.Attention must first be brought to the airway to ensure it is clear.Choking is a lifethreatening emergency.A first aid attendant would determine properness of breathing and provide rescue breathing if necessary．
Some organizations add a fourth step of “D” for Deadly bleeding，while others consider this as part of the Circulation step.Variations on techniques to maintain the ABCs depend on the skill level of the first aider.Once the ABCs are secured，first aiders can begin additional treatments，as required.Some organizations teach the same order of priority using the “3Bs” ：Breathing，Bleeding，and Bones.While the ABCs and 3Bs are taught to be performed continuously，certain conditions may require the consideration of two steps at the same time.This includes the action of both CPR and chest compressions to someone who is not breathing and has no pulse．
1. What does “It” in the first paragraph refer to？
A. First aidB. Definitive medical treatment
C. Further medical careD. An injury
2. When we talk about first aid we usually mean according to the passage．
A. giving professional helpB. Giving original help to humans
C. Treating animalsD. Any help to animals and humans
3. When giving first aid we must first make sure ．
A. the airway is clearB. the patient must breathe
C. we have necessary medical toolsD. the patient is not choked
4. While a man is choked we should ．
A. begin additional treatmentsB. make sure he has pulse
C. make him breathe smoothlyD. take two steps at the same time
Notes：
①lay adj. 外行的②render vt. 实施③priority n. 优先权
长短句分析：While first aid can also be performed on animals，the term generally refers to care of human patients．
句法点睛：本句中，while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”。
句意：尽管急救可以用在动物身上，但这个术语一般指对病人的救助。
【语篇解读】急救是指在最后的医疗救护到来之前对病人实施的初步的救助。在实施急救过程中，我们要把握好“ABC”策略，即“气道、呼吸、循环”三要素。也有人增加了D元素，即“流血”的处理。无论怎样只要我们掌握合理的急救知识，病人就能得到救助。
B
Jeremy Wirick，9，has been back in school for less than two months，but he has already had several asthma attacks.A recent attack happened on October 2，after he pushed himself too hard in gym class.Running，power walking，jogging and pushups took their toll.When Jeremy got home an hour or two later，he was out of breath.He needed to use a nebulizer，a machine that helps send medicine quickly to the lungs，to get his breathing back to normal．
Asthma attacks like Jeremy increase in September and October.More than six times as many asthma sufferers who are elementaryschool age need hospital treatment in the fall as in the summer．
Experts believe many factors can contribute to backtoschool asthma.Kids get together in close spaces，they start passing viruses around.A viral infection can cause an asthma attack.There are also certain fall allergies that can cause attacks.Exercise is another common cause of an attack.Besides，the stress of school can make asthma worse．
Parents can play a big role in helping kids with asthma start the school year right.Dawne Gees 10yearold son，Alexander，has had asthma since he was a baby.Before the school year starts，she tells school workers in writing about her sons asthma．
The Gees live in Kentucky，which has passed laws allowing students to carry their asthma medication with them at school.Alexanders mom makes sure he has his inhaler with him when he goes to school and that he keeps it on hand at all times.In Delaware，where Jeremy lives，kids are allowed to carry their inhalers at school
The American Lung Association says that about 62 million American children suffer from asthma.Asthma is the chronic illness that causes students to miss the most days of school.There are many things that schools can do to help students control their asthma．
1. The passage mainly deals with ．
A. how to prevent and treat asthmaB. what asthma is and its symptoms
C. the sideeffects asthma has on kidsD. the causes of asthma and its treatment
2. Which of the following statements is NOT supported by the passage？
A. Kids are likely to suffer asthma attacks in the fall
B. Stress can add to the risk of asthma attacks
C. Medical officials should be blamed for asthma attacks
D. Asthma attacks will need necessary medical treatment
3. The passage lists many factors that cause asthma attacks EXCEPT ．
A. a viral infectionB. unhealthy habits
C. certain fall allergiesD. physical exercise
4. The following paragraph is probably going to talk about ．
A. tips on asthma for schoolsB. a survey on students with asthma
C. the effects asthma has on studentsD. further understanding of asthma
Notes：
①asthma n. 哮喘②allergy n. 过敏症③medication n. 药物治疗④inhaler n. 人工呼吸器
⑤chronic adj. 慢性的
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章首先通过Jeremy Wirick向我们讲述了哮喘病的表现方式，接着讲述了它的起因以及预防措施。
C
For those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages.Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village.Jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago．
Yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far.A price has been paid，they say，for the conquest （征服） of time and distance. Travel is something to be enjoyed，not endured（忍受）. The boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the everchanging sights and sounds of a journey. A journey by train also has a special charm about it.Lakes and forests and wild，open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing.On board a plane，however，there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow windows of the airplane.The soft lighting，inflight films and gentle music make up the only world you know，and the hours progress slowly．
Then there is the time spent being “processed” at a modern airport.People are conveyed like robots along walkways；baggage is weighed，tickets produced，examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area.Journeys by rail and sea take longer，yes， but the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent.No wonder，then，that the modern highspeed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines．
Man，however，is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane.The working lives of too many people depend upon it；whole new industries have been built around its design and operation.The holidaymaker，too，with limited time to spend，patiently endures the busy airports and the limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days，relaxing in the sun.Speed controls peoples lives；time saved，in work or play，is the important thing—or so we are told.Perhaps those first horsemen，riding free across the wild，open plains，were enjoying a better world than the one we know today.They could travel at will，and the clock was not their master．
1. What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1？
A. Travel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages
B. The speed of modern travel has made distances relatively short
C. The freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams
D. Man has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place
2. How does the writer support the underlined statement in Paragraph 2？
A. By giving instructionsB. By analyzing cause and effect
C. By following the order of timeD. By giving examples
3. According to Paragraph 3，passengers are turning back to modern highspeed trains because ．
A. they pay less for the ticketsB. they feel safer during the travel
C. they can enjoy highter speed of travelD. they dont have to waste time being “processed”
4. What does the last sentence of the passage mean？
A. They could enjoy free and relaxing travelB. They needed the clock to tell the time
C. They preferred traveling on horsebackD. They could travel with their master
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，乘坐飞机旅行方便快捷，节省了出行的时间，然而却也存在一些问题。
D
Plan ahead to make your family trip run smoothly Family vacations are cherished memories.Keeping children entertained on the road or during a flight，however，can be challenging.The best way to cut down on anxiety？Plan ahead．
Avoid giving children snacks that contain sugar and caffeine. Sweet treats keep them happy and quiet for five minutes，as it fills them with unusable energy that will turn into crankiness （偏执） when the sugar wears off.Bring fun，small snacks like flavored baked chips，apple sauce，raisins，and granola bars—and top it off with a little protein like cheese sticks to keep the blood sugar levels nice and steady．
Bring plenty of plastic or paper bags. This is the perfect time to put those spare bags around the house to use.Store them in your purse or pocket，as well as in the car.This is a quick solution for garbage，diaper wrapping or motion sickness．
Avoid extra costs on bulk items you will need during the trip. When flying，purchase bulk items like diapers，formula，and wipes at your destination.In the past，it was convenient and free to check these items.Now，each checked luggage item costs $25 or more on average.When driving，do the opposite; take your bulk items to avoid extra trips to the store when you arrive，which can help you avoid impulse travel purchases Bring a full change of clothing for each child. Keep these items within fairly easy reach.When a spill or mess happens，this will help parents avoid unexpected （and unbudgeted） clothing purchases．
Travel planning can help make family vacations what they are supposed to be: Fun! What are some of your favorite strategies for saving time and stress while traveling with children？
1. Which of the following can keep the blood sugar levels nice and steady？
A. CoffeeB. Apple pie with sugar in it
C. CandiesD. Cheese sticks
2. Why should you bring plenty of plasticor paper bags during vacation？
A. Because you can use them to keep garbage，vomit （呕吐物） and wrap diaper
B. Because they can prevent you from being stolen
C. Because big bags can hold more items，which brings you much convenience
D. Because they can save you $25．
3. Which is the proper place for you to buy bulk items when driving？
A. At the destination
B. At wherever you can buy cheaper ones
C. At the place you just go out of the things you need
D. In the stores near your house
4. What should parents do to avoid unexpected clothing purchases during their vacation？
A. Do not let children make their clothes dirty
B. Bring a full change of clothing for each child
C. Wash the dirty clothes frequently
D. Do not allow children eat during their vacation
Notes：
①diaper n. 尿布②formula n. 配方奶③wipe n. 湿巾
长短句分析：When driving，do the opposite; take your bulk items to avoid extra trips to the store when you arrive，which can help you avoid impulse travel purchases．
句法点睛：when driving在前半句作时间状语，when you arrive在后半句中作时间状语；which引导非限制性定语从句在从句中作主语，指代前面的句子。
句意：开车旅行的时候，要做相反的事情——带上你的东西，以免当你到达目的地后还得去商店购物，从而避免冲动性购物。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何才能有比较愉快的家庭旅行经历——提前计划好一切。